查询词典 control chart method

The effects and mechanism of GABAergic neurons, NOergic neurons, opioid peptide and cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the nucleus reticularis thalami on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats and the effects and mechanism of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from the nucleus raphes dorsalis to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats were investigated with the methods of brain stereotaxic, nucleus spile, microinjection and polysomngraphy.1. The effects of GABAergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats1.1 Microinjection of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MP, a kind of glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor) into RT. On the day of microinjection, sleep only decreased a litter. On the second day, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. On the third and fourth day, sleep and wakefulness stages resumed to normal.1.2 Microinjection of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA 1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control; while microinjection of L-glutamate (L-Glu, 0.2μg) decreased sleep and increased wakefulness; microinjection of bicuculline (BIC, 1.0μg), a GABAA receptor antagonist, enhanced wakefulness and reduced sleep; microinjection of baclofen (BAC, 1.0μg), GABAB receptor agonist, had the same effects as GABA.2. The effects of NOergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats2.1 Microinjection of L-arginine (L-Arg, 0.5μg) into RT decreased sleep compared with control, but there were on statistaical difference between L-Arg group and control; while microinjection of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 0.2μg), a NO donor into RT, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. Microinjection of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 2.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.2.2 After simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and SNP (0.2μg) into RT, SNP abolished the sleep-promoting effect of L-NNA compared with L-NNA group; after simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and L-Arg(0.5μg) into RT, we found that L-NNA could not blocked the wakefulness-promoting effect of L-Arg.3. The effects of opioid peptide in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats3.1 Microinjection of morphine sulfate (MOR, 1.0μg) into RT increased wakefulness and decreased sleep compared with control; while microinjection of naloxone hydrochloride (NAL, 1.0μg), the antagonist of opiate receptors, into RT, enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.3.2 After simultaneous microinjection of MOR (1.0μg) and NAL (1.0μg) into RT, the wakefulness-promoting effect of MOR and the sleep-promoting effect of NAL were not observed compared with control.4. The effects of cAMP in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats Microinjection of cAMP (1.0μg) into RT increased sleep and decreased wakefulness compared with control; microinjection of methylene blue (MB,1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control.5. The effects of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from DRN to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats5.1 When L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and normal sodium (NS,1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT. We found that sleep was decreased and wakefulness was increased compared with control; when L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and methysergide (MS,1.0μg), a non-selective 5-HT antagonist, was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was enhanced and wakefulness was reduced compared with L-Glu group.5.2 When p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 10μg) was microinjected into DRN and NS (1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was increased and wakefulness was decreased compared with control; microinjection of 5-hydroxytryptaphan (5-HTP, 1.0μg), which can convert to 5-HT by the enzyme tryptophane hydroxylase and enhance 5-HT into bilateral RT, could block the effect of microinjection of PCPA into DRN on sleep-wakefulness cycle.

本研究采用脑立体定位、核团插管、微量注射、多导睡眠描记等方法，研究丘脑网状核(nucleus reticularis thalami，RT)中γ-氨基丁酸(gamma-amino butyric acid ，GABA)能神经元、一氧化氮(nitrogen monoxidum，NO)能神经元、阿片肽类神经递质、环一磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate，cAMP)及中缝背核(nucleus raphes dorsalis，DRN)至RT的5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT)能神经纤维投射对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响及其作用机制。1 RT内GABA能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响1.1大鼠RT内微量注射GABA合成关键酶抑制剂3-巯基丙酸(3-MP，5μg)，注射当天睡眠时间略有减少，第二日睡眠时间显著减少，觉醒时间明显增多，第三、四日睡眠和觉醒时间逐渐恢复至正常。1.2大鼠RT内微量注射GABA受体激动剂GABA( 1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加，觉醒时间减少；而RT内微量注射L-谷氨酸(glutamic acid， L-Glu， 0.2μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAA受体阻断剂荷包牡丹碱(bicuculline，BIC，1.0μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAB受体激动剂氯苯氨丁酸(baclofen，BAC，1.0μg)后，产生了与GABA相似的促睡眠效果。2 RT内NO能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响2.1大鼠RT内微量注射NO的前体L-精氨酸(L-Arg，0.5μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间略有减少，但无显著性意义；而RT内微量注射NO的供体硝普钠(Sodium Nitroprusside，SNP，0.2μg)后可明显增加觉醒时间，缩短睡眠时间；微量注射一氧化氮合酶抑制剂L-硝基精氨酸(L-arginine，L-NNA，2.0μg)后，引起睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。2.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和SNP(0.2μg)后与L-NNA组比较发现SNP逆转了L-NNA的促睡眠作用；RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和L-Arg(0.5μg)后，与L-NNA(2.0μg)组比较发现L-Arg可以增加觉醒而缩短睡眠，其促觉醒作用未能被NOS的抑制剂L-NNA所逆转。3 RT内阿片肽对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响3.1大鼠RT内微量注射硫酸吗啡(morphine sulfate，MOR，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间减少而觉醒时间增加； RT内微量注射阿片肽受体拮抗剂盐酸纳洛酮(naloxone hydrochloride，NAL，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加而觉醒时间减少。3.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射MOR(1.0μg)和NAL(1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，原有的MOR促觉醒效果和NAL的促睡眠效果都没有表现。4 RT内环一磷酸腺苷信使对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响大鼠RT内微量注射cAMP(1.0μg)后与NS(1.0μg)组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少；RT内微量注射亚甲蓝(methylene blue，MB，1.0μg)后，与NS组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少。5中缝背核投射到丘脑网状核的5-羟色胺能神经纤维对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响5.1大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 0.2μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多；大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射二甲基麦角新碱(methysergide， MS， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射L-Glu 0.2μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。5.2大鼠DRN内微量注射对氯苯丙氨酸(p-chlorophenylalanine，PCPA，10μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少；大鼠DRN内微量注射PCPA(10μg)，产生睡眠增多效应后，在双侧RT内微量注射5-羟色胺酸(5-hydroxytryptaphan ， 5-HTP， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射PCPA 10μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多。

Intermediate heat cycle can be reduced because the tail blade turbine steam humidity and reduce steam consumption. improve plant efficiency and thermal cycling in the unit were popular, however, Reheat temperature control system with nonlinear their targets, inertia, the characteristics of delay, Power Plant to become more difficult to control the system-paper fuzzy control theory and fuzzy logic, reconsidered conventional PID control law on the basis of the study and intelligent fuzzy PID control, the 300MW units Reheat fuzzy control process using adaptive PID control, the introduction of load feedforward. design configuration, the final design complex adaptive feedforward cascade control system and MATLAB for simulation, simulation results show that the response speed, Robust control and accuracy, the system has considerable advantages Unit to improve the efficiency and reduce the operational workload.

中间再热循环技术因其可以降低汽轮机尾部叶片的蒸汽湿度和降低汽耗，提高电厂的热循环效率而在单元机组中被普遍采用，然而，再热气温控制系统因其对象具有非线性，大惯性，大迟延等特点，成为火电厂较难控制的系统之－，本文运用模糊控制理论和模糊逻辑推理，在重新认识常规PID控制规律的基础上探讨了PID与智能模糊控制相结合，在电厂300MW发电机组再热模糊控制过程中使用自适应PID控制，引入负荷前馈，设计组态，最终设计出自适应复合型前馈串级控制系统，并在MATLAB中进行仿真模拟，仿真结果表明，在响应速度，鲁棒性和控制精度等方面，此系统都具有相当大的优越性，有利于提高机组的效率和减轻运行人员的劳动负荷。

The mainly learnning is low-voltage apparatus、three phase asynchronous motor and electric control wiring of DC Motors、Principle and control of stepper motor and control wiring of typical electric machine、basic theory and basic methods of machine equipment electric control、 basic control circuit of electric control system、analysis of typical electric machine control System、basic principles and methods used of PLC、design and debug of machine tool control system、 design of electrical control gear etc.

主要学习常用低压电器、三相异步电动机和直流电动机的电气控制线路、步进电动机工作原理及控制以及典型机床电气控制线路、机床设备电气控制的基本理论和基本方法、电气控制系统的基本控制电路、典型机床电气控制系统分析、可编程序控制器的基本原理及使用方法、机床控制系统的设计和调试、电气控制装置设计等内容。

The objective is, based on the classification of airspace, to establish an En-route Control Area, Terminal/Approach Control Area, Airdrome Tower Control Area three-grade air traffic control areas;and then to establish an En-route Air Traffic Control Center, Terminal/Approach Air Traffic Control Center, Airdrome Tower Control Center three-grade air traffic control organization;To establish a reasonable backup mechanism and reduce the number of En-route Air Traffic Control Centers, finally to improve the quality of air traffic services.

本文系统地阐述了对管制区域重组战略目标所涉及的各子系统的考虑，重点分析了民航空中交通管理系统的运行体制、文化重组，并对战略实施过程进行了设计。空中交通管制区域的重组战略问题必须抛开部门利益的制约，站在国家利益的高度上，宏观长远地谋划。

But,the drawbacks of Shewhart's control chart is that when the control chart shows abnormal,it cannot tell us what and where is the assignable cause,i.e.it cannot diagnose the abnormalityof the process.In 1982,Prof.Gongxu Zhang proposed the diagnosis theory with two kinds ofquality,solved the diagnosis problem of assignable cause,thus opened a new direction ofstatistical diagnosis theory and developed the theory of SPC into a new stage ofSPCD(Statistical Process Control and Diagnosis).The multi-operation and multi-index system exists everywhere,in general,nearly all theproduction lines of factories belong to this system.

但休哈特控制图的缺点是，当控制图显示异常时，它不能告知是何原因、何处发生了异常，即不能诊断。1982年，我国著名质量管理专家张公绪教授提出两种质量诊断理论，解决了对异常因素的诊断问题，开辟了统计诊断理论的新方向，将质量控制推向了一个新的发展阶段——统计过程控制与诊断阶段。

This paper applies to analytical chemistry experiment teaching two kinds of quality control charts, the average value control chart and the extreme di -fference control chart widely nsed in baily experiment work.

本文将两种在日常分析工作中早已被广泛应用的质量控制图，即平均值控制图和极差控制图应用到分析化学实验教学中。

In fact, situation with a zero LCL is not uncommon. In this article we propose the g-type chart with asymmetric control limits. It is found that with the nonzero LCL, the power to detect rate increase hasmuch improved and the power to detect rate is nearly fixed, and the in-control average run length is the almost the same as the symmetric control chart.

为了解决检测p增加的问题，我们提出了非对称几何控制图的思想，它解决了虚报率增加和检测p增加之间的矛盾，在保持虚报率与对称几何控制图几乎相等的前提下，大大提高了几何控制图在检测不合格品率增加时的灵敏性和有效性，本文中给出了在不同的？

The 3-day Chart should be kept on a separate sheet of chart paper from the Daily high and low Chart and Trend Line.

3日图要与日高低点图表和趋势线图表纸分开单独记录。

You can use the Chart Type button on the Chart toolbar to quickly change the chart type.

可以使用"图表"工具栏中的"图表类型"按钮快速更改图表的类型。

Activate the chart .|2. From Chart toolbar, choose the type of chart .

激活图表。|2。选择"图表"工具栏中的"图表类型"按钮。

For every one of my New Year resolutions, I have been a backslider for years.

说到我的新年决心，我每年都做

With empathy and focus on a feeling level, we can all relate to the common ground of mutuality of emotions.

有了同情心和感觉上一级的重点，我们都可以涉及到相互的情感共同点。