查询词典 contract

At first, in this paper the national and international literature of team and team motivation is summarized. Secondly, based on the analysis of theoretical scientific research personnel and team, the teamwork motivation model is built, and it is achieved that teamwork improves the team output. Later,we lead the reputation that is regarded inexplicit incentive into the scientific research personnel"s utility function, establish a model of their reward, analyze the parameter of reputation"s effect to factor in the contract. After that, it analyses traditional training object selection and whole training object selection among the scientific research team to draw the conclusion that the traditional training object selection has obvious limitations and the whole training has evident advantages. In the end, based on the theoretical study of the psychological contract, we can obtain the effective paths of forming psychological contract among the scientific research team.

本文首先对团队和团队激励方面国内外的文献进行了详尽的综述；其次，在对科研人员及科研团队理论分析的基础上，建立了适合科研团队激励机制的基于团队合作的激励模型，得出成员间互相合作将提高科研团队的产出；然后，将声誉效应和职业生涯时间引入科研团队成员报酬契约，建立了科研团队成员的报酬激励模型，分析声誉系数和职业生涯时间对契约中各要素的影响；接着，通过博弈论知识分析了科研团队培训对象选拔制度，得出以下结论：传统培训对象选拔制度在以团队为主的组织中存在着明显的局限性，全员培训制度具有明显的优势；最后，在对心理契约理论研究的基础上，得出了缔结科研团队心理契约的途径。

Party B has no obligation to be responsible for Party A's any indirect or punitive loss arising from this contract or is relevant to this contract, no matter this obligation is arising from breach of contract or infringement or strict responsibility, or other conditions, no matter whether Party B has been informed of the possibility of Party A has been influenced by such damages.

乙方无义务对甲方产生于本合同或与本合同相关的任何间接的、或惩罚性的损失负责，无论该类责任系基于违反合同、或基于侵权或严格责任、或基于其他情况而产生的，也无论乙方是否已被告知其受到该类损害的可能性。

Fulfill small-amount contracts or partially fulfill the contract, instead of actually fulfilling the contract, to inveigle the opposite party into continuing to sign and fulfill the contract

没有实际履行能力，以先履行小额合同或者部分履行合同的方法，诱骗对方当事人继续签订和履行合同的

In the Civil Law Family,the collateral guarantor'srights of defense mainly are related to the invalidity of the underlying contract,the revocability of the underlying contract,the right of offset,the concurrentconditions,"Einrede der Unsicherkei",the invalidity of the guarantee contract.the period of validity,the special terms of immunity from the guarantor's liabilityand beneficiam excussionis.Under the case law of the Common Law Family,thesituations in which the collateral guarantor can claim the rights of defense mainlyinclude the situation of non-fulfillment of the guarantee condition,the situationrelated to the extent of guarantor's liability,the situation under which the creditordidn't perform his obligations,the situation related to the appropriation ofpayments,the situations related to fulfillment of purpose of guarantee,thesituation related to the creditor's laches,the situation related to the loss ofsecurities held by the creditor,the situation related to the discharge of theprincipal debtor,the situation related to the creditor connivance in the default ofthe principal,the situation related to the discharge arising by operation of law andthe situation related to the fiduciary duty.

大陆法系中，从属保证人对债权人的抗辩权主要有：主债务无效抗辩权、主债务可撤销抗辩权、抵销抗辩权、同时履行抗辩权、不安抗辩权、保证合同无效抗辩权、保证期间抗辩权、特殊免责抗辩权以及先诉抗辩权等；根据英美法系国家的判例法，从属保证人能够主张抗辩权的情形主要有：保证责任条件不成就的抗辩、关于保证责任范围的抗辩、债权人不履行义务的抗辩、关于债务清偿分配的抗辩、保证目的已实现的抗辩、关于债权人懈怠的抗辩、关于债权人享有的担保权益丧失的抗辩、债务人的债务免除抗辩、债权人对债务人违约纵容的抗辩、法律适用导致保证责任解除的抗辩、就信托义务原则提出的抗辩。

After signing credit contract, the both side of loan will negotiate the contract again usually, especially when loanee is in the financial difficult position, but to what degree, the contract negotiation can cause the effective decision-making in rest on the different situation.

通常情况下，银行可通过信贷配给、抵押担保和贷款规模三个途径诱使贷款申请人通过自己对贷款条件的选择而显示其风险状态特征，从而缓解由于信息不对称而引致的信贷筛选问题。

In the drafting of the Law on Land Contract, have put the contract to the rural collective land property rights, and for Property Management, do not make neither fish nor fowl; wants to contract land-use right is property right claims and statutory rights is to give farmers the right.

在起草对土地法的合同，把合同的农村集体土地产权和物业管理，不作不伦不类；希望合同土地使用权是产权索赔和法定权利是让农民的权利。

Thirdly, the paper emphatically discusses the role of revenue-sharing contract in the coordination mechanism, which lucubrates this contract by standard newsvendor model in three situations about demand which are stochastic demand, price-sensitive demand, retailer sale-effort dependent demand, and the research result indicates the revenue-sharing contract is a well-behaved cooperation tool and could improve the performance of supply chain.

第三，着重讨论了利益共享契约在供应链协调中的作用，借助于标准的报童模型在三种不同情况下对该契约进行了深入地分析：销售商面临随机的市场需求；需求具有价格敏感性；销售商努力水平影响需求变化，结果表明该契约是一个相对较好的协调工具，可以有效地改善供应链的绩效。

Nowadays, many problems exist in Chinese construction market, such as bad quality and nonpayment, which obviously related with bad performance of contract. Construction contract guarantee is an important credit instrument to guarantee the performance of a construction contract.

中国建筑领域存在的许多问题，如工程质量问题、工程款拖欠问题等，都与承发包合同履行不良有着密切关系，工程保证担保是国际上保障建设工程承发包合同履行的一种信用工具。

This disquisition pays attention to the connotation of administrative contract to find the orientation of administrative contract in traditional lex duality. Start from three pairs of connection,with the pensee of Economic Analysis Jurisprudence,the measure of Function Analysis and the research of the property of administrative contract,the disquisition offers an academic frame of reference to create the relevant system.

本文从行政合同的内涵着眼，先为其寻求在传统二元法律结构中的确切定位，运用经济分析法学的思想及函数分析的方法从三对关系入手，对行政合同本身的性质加以探求，以期为行政合同制度的构建提供一个相对准确的理论参照。

In the last chapter the author suggests that existing Chinese legislation shall endorse the validities of the precontract.It will enrich the connotation of contract and improve the system of contract law in China.At last,the author proposes to develop the regulation over precontract in the framework of contract law in China.

在本文的最后一章中作者提出了在立法上明确承认预约合同效力等解决商品房认购书纠纷的建议，以期能丰富契约概念的内涵，完善契约立法体系内部的结构，并提出在我国合同法框架内设立预约制度的构想。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。