查询词典 chrysanthemum

Principle: the chrysanthemum as compositae chrysanthemum and varieties of micro capitulum, cold, taste bitter, lung, liver into the role.

原理：菊花为菊科植物菊及其变种的头状花序，性微寒，味甘、苦，入肺、肝经作用。

Chrysanthemum has head-like inflorescence called capitulum, a dense cluster of stalkless flowers. Capitulum contains two different kind of floret called ray floret and disc floret. Most of Chrysanthemum has both of them.

菊花的花聚生在盘状的花轴上，成为特殊的头状花序，有舌状花及管状花两种不同型态的小花构造，多数的菊花两种花均有。

Chrysanthemum chrysanthemum plants dry for the first capitulum.

杭白菊为菊科植物菊的干燥头状花序。

Bai Ju is beautiful, it is a common breed in chrysanthemum come, it and other chrysanthemum are same, it is to be in what tomb-sweeping day applies this day is very general, its beautiful words is exalted, the origin of its beautiful words and its color is not divided, the ancients and even now, can describe chasteness with white, pure friendship, pure love, pure heart.

白菊花。白色菊花的花语和象征代表意义：高尚白菊花，是菊花中常见的一个品种来的，它和其他菊花一样，都是在清明节这天应用的非常普遍，它的花语为高尚，它的花语的由来和它的颜色是分不开的，古人乃至现在，都会用白色来形容纯洁，纯洁的友谊。

Enjoying chrysanthemum,inserting it on the hair and drinking the chrysanthemum liquor are the most important activities in the Double Ninth Festival, which stem from the antiquity psychology of avoiding disaster and evil and desiring immortality.

对菊花的艺术表现有一个从写形到写神的发展过程，表现出唐宋两个时期的不同美学追求，唐代注意写菊花的姿态美，具象化，而宋代追求清枯之美，多写枯菊、残菊。

This study use the leaves of Chrysanthemum as the explant to study on the system of regeneration and genetic transformation of chrysanthemum.

本研究以菊花叶片外植体为供试材料，初步探讨了菊花再生体系和遗传转化的体系。

The main results are shown as follows:1.Screening freezing tolerant cultivars and lines of chrysanthemumTwenty seven lines of chrysanthemum grown outdoors were screened using \'injury rate\' and \'injury index\'.There were 7 cultivars and lines,which were relatively high tolerant to freezing treatment,i.e.,\'Jinbuhuan\',\'Xuetao\',\'Fuli\',\'Donglin 4\',\'Donglin 6\',\'Donglin 9\', and \'Donglin 13\'.There were 3 cultivars and lines,which were less tolerant,i.e.,\'Fenmeigui\', \'Donglin 1\',and \'Donglin 2\';The determination of electrolyte leakage,and contents of free proline,MDA,CAT,fructose,glucose and soluble sugars on 7 lines of chrysanthemums at different stages freezing showed that \'Xuetao\' and \'Donglin 4\' were more tolerant than others, and that especially \'Donglin 4\' was able to regulate its osmotic pathway to alleviate the \'injury degree\' caused by freezing conditions.2.Protein expression profile of chrysanthemum under low temperature stressTwo-dimensional liquid chromatography was applied to fractionate and analyze total protein taken from \'Donglin 4\' leaves grown at low temperature and at normal condition. Chromatography peaks of fraction were transformed to gel graph by ProteoVue software.

主要研究结果如下：1、露地菊抗冻品种和品系的筛选利用受伤率和伤害指数两项指标对27个露地菊品系进行耐低温筛选，筛选出'金不换\'、'雪涛\'、'富丽\'、'东林4号\'、'东林6号\'、'东林9号\'、'东林13号\'等7个耐低温品系，同时发现'粉玫瑰\'、'东林1号\'、'东林2号\'三个品系的耐低温能力最差；通过对不同自然低温处理时期，7个品系的电导率、丙二醛含量、脯氨酸含量、过氧化氢酶、果糖、葡萄糖和可溶性糖等指标的测定发现，'雪涛\'和'东林4号\'的耐低温能力要强于其它品系，尤其是'东林4号\'对低温的调节能力较强，在低温胁迫下，能够调节渗透途径减轻低温的伤害。2、低温胁迫下，露地菊蛋白质表达谱分析利用二维液相色谱技术，分离了'东林4号\'露地菊品系的低温处理和对照样品的总蛋白，通过ProteoVue软件分析发现：处理样品与对照相比共有蛋白差异点36个，其中显著增强表达的蛋白差异点有26个。

The results above showed:(1) The cultivars of large-flowered chrysanthemum are widely distributed in Beijing area with plentiful floral types and floral colors;(2) The cultivars with the rare types and colors are urgent for protection;(3) Most of the quantitative characters obeys to the normal distribution,some important traits agreed with skewed distribution.The probability grading can assist quantitative character in establishing new grading standards;(4) Most of qualitative characters is asymmetrical in cultivars,which might be caused by unbalanced differentiation of characters or linkages coming from emphasis characters selection;(5) The floral characters are relatively stable and have comparably large influence on classification,the characters of stipule also have a certain degree of stability and can act as an reasonable supplement for cultivars classification,but the foliar characters have worse stability and can only be recognized as lower level criterion.(6) The genetic relationship among the Flat-petaled group,the Quilled-petal group and the Spoon-petaled group are closest,which followed by the Filiform-petal group because of long-term selection pressure for the specialization of the petal tip loved by most people.The Anemone-petal group has further genetic relationship with these four groups.(7) ISSR molecular marker detection indicates that the proportion of polymorphic loci of lardge-flowered chrysanthemum is higher,in which the Flat-petaled group has the highest genetic diversity level.

综合以上的研究结果表明：(1)北京地区现有大量大菊品种，且花型与花色较为丰富；(2)珍稀花型、花色品种亟需保护；(3)大部分数量性状是符合正态分布的，少数重点观赏性状迫于选择压力呈现偏态分布，概率分级法能够辅助大菊的数量性状建立新的分级标准；(4)大部分质量性状在品种群内的分布是不均匀的，可能是由菊花性状遗传分化的不均衡性或受到选育重点性状的连锁作用而造成的；(5)大菊花部性状相对稳定，对品种分类影响较大，其托叶部分也具有一定程度的稳定性，可以作为品种分类的合理补充，而叶部性状稳定性较差，在品种分类中应作为更次一级的分类依据；(6)平瓣类、管瓣类和匙瓣类的亲缘关系最近，畸瓣类品种花瓣先端特化受到人们的喜爱，长期的选择压力使其区别于3种基本瓣型，而这四种瓣型与桂瓣类在亲缘关系上较远；(7)ISSR分子标记检测表明：大菊品种多态性位点百分率较高，平瓣类品种的遗传分化最为丰富。

The stress resistance of common roof garden plants, e.g. Dahlia hybrida, Callistephus chinensis, Calendula officinalis and Chrysanthemum multicaule were determined by mensurating such index as chlorophyll content, electrolyte leakage, water content, Pro content, MDA content and dissoluble sugar content. The result indicates that Dahlia hybrida is the best, Callistephus chinensis next, Calendula officinalis and Chrysanthemum multicaule are weaker as to drought resistance;while in the experiment on coldness resistance, the ability to bear coldness ranks from the best to the worst is Poa annua, Festuca arundinacea and Trifolium.

对小丽花、矮翠菊、金盏菊与黄晶菊等常见城市绿化植物进行的抗逆性试验研究，测定了叶绿素含量、膜相对透性、相对含水量、脯氨酸含量、丙二醛含量、可溶性糖含量等指标，结果表明：在抗旱性试验中小丽花的耐受性最强，矮翠菊次之，金盏菊与黄晶菊的耐受性较弱：抗寒性试验中所选植物材料的耐受性次序分别是早熟禾强于高羊茅强于三叶草。

The plant can absorb formaldehyde include cacti, Chlorophytum,扶郎to spend, reeds, ivy, Tieshu , chrysanthemum, etc.; the flowers and the elimination of xylene have ivy, Tieshu, chrysanthemum, etc.; Monstera: Turtle Cove, also known as banana, pont to banana, wire-lian, through Liuzhou palm, evergreen vine.

可以吸收甲醛的植物有仙人掌、吊兰、扶郎花、芦苇、常春藤、铁树、菊花等；而消除二甲苯的花草则有常春藤、铁树、菊花等；龟背竹：又名龟背蕉、蓬来蕉、电线莲、透龙掌，常绿藤本植物。

Means the parent directory, so this command means to execute "toolchain.sh," which is in the current directory.

代表父目录，所以这个命令就是执行当前目录下的"toolchain.sh"。

Yes,In fact,I'm on our city ream.

是的。事实上我是我们市队的。