查询词典 bud variation

Environmental protection and sustainable development in agriculture has become key problems of human being in nowadays,and the heavy metal contaminates is one of severe pollutive originations,which enters the human body by food chain and endangers the health of human being. In this paper,the origination of heavy metal in soil was conducted and the review about the methods of heavy metal spacial variation in soil was discussed. The proposed implications were as follow:① the study on spacial variation of the heavy metal should be conducted by Geostatistical methods combinated with 3S technic;②a model about the geostatistics and the spacial variation of heavy metal was built.

环境保护及农业可持续发展成为当今世界人类面临的重要课题，重金属污染尤为突出，并通过食物链进入人体，对人体健康构成极大危害；本文简要分析了土壤重金属的来源，并对土壤重金属特性空间变异定量研究中所涉及的主要分析方法作了初步介绍；提出了重金属特性空间变异定量研究方法的两点启示：①地统计学与3S技术的结合来研究重金属空间变异；②提出了地统计学与土壤重金属空间变异分布建模。

The soil moisture characteristics, dynamic variation and spatial variation in the fields for 4 soils in the loess area of Gansu province, maximum hygroscopicity, wilting point moisture and water holding capacity were studied. The dynamic variation of soil moisture shows "two peaks -two valleys" type.

对甘肃黄土地区4个土类的土壤水分特征、动态及空间变异规律，以及最大吸湿水、凋萎湿度和持水性能的研究表明，土壤水分动态变异规律呈&双峰－双谷&型，据此在时序上可划分为5个明显的时期：（1）春季增失墒交替期；（2）春夏严重失墒期；（3）夏秋墒情恢复期；（4）秋冬缓慢失墒期；（5）冬季墒情稳定期。

Statistic analysis showed that soil temperature as the driving factor to the diurnal variation of soil respiration. Soil temperature and soil moisture were the dominant environmental factors affecting the seasonal variation of soil respiration and explained 87% of its variability. LAI and root biomass were positively related to soil respiration rate, indicating that biotic factors also affected the seasonal variation of soil respiration. However, soil properties such as soil organic content, total nitrogen content, and C/N ratio had poor correlations with soil respiration. Top-dressing nitrogen fertilizer increased soil respiration significantly.

统计分析表明：土壤温度是玉米生态系统土壤呼吸日变化的驱动因素；土壤温度和土壤水分是影响土壤呼吸季节变化的关键因素，二者可以解释玉米生长季土壤呼吸时间变异的87%；LAI和根系生物量与土壤呼吸速率呈正相关，说明生物因子对土壤呼吸季节变化也有影响；土壤有机质、全氮和碳氮比等土壤理化特性与土壤呼吸速率的关系较弱；玉米生长季追施氮肥明显促进土壤呼吸速率。

But significant differences were found in coefficient of variation and broad-sense heritability (H2) of the three characters: CV and H2 of self-pollinated fruiting rate were both greatest, with the variation mainly resulted from inheritance, and high inheritance potential; H2 of fertile flower rate was the least and its variation was less from inheritance; CV of average fruit weight was the least and its inheritance potential is small. Thirdly, the ratios of sweet to bitter kernel of F1 progenies in positive and reverse crosses between Katy and Taianshuixing were 18∶16 and 13∶12, and were both in agreement with a 1∶1 segregation by χ2 test, which demonstrated that the bitter kernel character of Katy was heterozygous.

但3个性状的变异系数和广义遗传力(H2)均差异很大，其中自交坐果率的变异系数(101.5%～139.1%)和广义遗传力(87.1%～91.4%)均较大，表明变异主要来自遗传效应，并且自交坐果率的遗传潜能大；有效花比率的广义遗传力最小(36.8%～49.1%)，表明其遗传效应较小；平均单果重的变异系数最小(24.0%～29.7%)，说明平均单果重的遗传潜能小；（3）凯特与泰安水杏正反交的杂种一代甜仁与苦仁的比例分别为18∶16和13∶12，经χ2检验符合1∶1的分离比例，证明控制凯特杏甜仁与苦仁这对性状的基因位点是杂合的。

For the leaf area index of the three forest types, there was a similar variation trend, i.e ., increased first and decreased then, with the maximum presented in mid-July or August for Q. mongolica and J.mandshurica forests while in mid-August or September for F. rhynchophulla forest. The canopy porosity of the three forest types also had a similar variation trend, but opposite to leaf area index, being decreased first and increased then, with the minimum presented in mid-June, July, August or September. The analysis of variation coefficients of leaf area index, transmitted direct gap light, and transmitted diffuse gap light indicated that the spatial pattern of leaf area index in July-September was the main factor affecting the spatial distribution of transmitted diffuse gap light.

结果表明，3种林型的叶面积指数变化总体趋势是一致的，均呈先上升再下降的单峰曲线，蒙古栎林和胡桃楸林都是在7月中旬或8月中旬达到最大峰值，花曲柳林是在8月中旬或9月中旬达到最大峰值；3种林型冠层孔隙度的变化总体趋势也是一致的，呈先下降再上升的单峰曲线，不同样地峰值出现的时间也不同，最低峰值在6、7、8、9月中旬均有出现；通过对不同月份的叶面积指数、林下散射光、林下直射光的变异系数分析表明，7—9月叶面积指数的空间格局是影响林下散射光空间分布的主要因素。

The study results show that:①The distribution of Cd in shallow surface soils is characterized as: The content of Cd in lacustrine deposit, alluvial lacustrine and alluvial-diluvial low-lying plain is 1.4 to 1.8 times as high as in alluvial-diluvial high valley flat and alluvial-diluvial high bank physiognomy areas.②The content variation of Cd in horizontal distribution was controlled by clay primarily and OrgC secondly. The variation of OrgC was major factor that affected the content variation of Cd in vertical distribution.

结果表明：①研究区浅层土壤中w的分布特征为，湖积低平原区、冲－湖积低平原区及冲洪积低洼平原区地貌成因类型土壤中的含量明显高于冲洪积高漫滩平原区、冲洪积高亢平原区地貌成因类型土壤，其质量分数差异达1.4~1.8倍；②研究区不同地貌成因类型土壤中，w的横向分布特征主要受黏粒含量分布的控制，其次是wC(下标 org；垂向分布特征的主要控制因素是wC

Orthodox historical linguists ascribe variation to language-in or structural factors; functionalists attribute variation to external factors; and sociolinguists associate variation with change of social norms.

长期以来，语言变异研究没有注意到或者说忽略了认知因素对语言变异，特别是对句法变异的触发作用。变异这个术语在本文中主要指历时变异。

The result showed that the best time for sampling was 7 to 14 days after the first bud flowering on the main anthotaxy. The capacity of embryoid production varied significantly in different genotypes. Among them, twelve genotypes yield embryos successfully, which the rate could reach 71%. Genotype 102 was an ideal material for embryoid induction, and the frequency could reach 32.78 embryos per bud. Genotype that with a highest yield produced 546 times as many embryos as that with a lowest yield. The embryoid induction ability of normal bolting genotypes were higher than easy bolting and hard bolting genotypes.

结果表明：在秋冬季日光温室内，供试植株主花序第一朵花开后第7~14天取样，即初花期是最佳取样时期；不同基因型间小孢子胚胎发生能力差异很大，在接种的17个基因型中，有12个诱导出胚，诱导成功率71%；其中102号产胚量最高，达到32.78个／蕾；在已产胚材料中，产胚量最高的基因型是产胚量最低的基因型的546倍；较易抽薹型材料的产胚能力大于易抽薹型和不易抽薹型。

Morphological and anatomical studies revealed that there are no axillary meristem and tiller bud in the leaf axil of moc1 mutant plants. Therefore, we predict that MOC1 gene is required for axillary meristem initiation and tiller bud formation.

组织解剖学的观察表明，在moc1突变体的叶腋里没有腋生分生组织和分蘖芽，因此推测MOC1基因是腋生分生组织的起始和分蘖芽的形成所必需的。

Morphological and anatomical studies have demonstrated that tillering process in rice can be divided into two stages: the formation of a tiller bud at each leaf axil and the outgrowth of tiller bud into tiller.

根据形态解剖学的研究，水稻分蘖的生长过程分为两个阶段：（1）在每个叶子的叶腋里分化形成一个分蘖芽；（2）分蘖芽进一步生长发育成分蘖。

The small blue capacitor has very high chances to go fully shorted compare to electrolytic capacitor which is very rare.

小蓝电容器具有很高的机会去充分地缩短了比较电解电容器，这是非常罕见的。

In the Italian campaigns of 1513 and 1515, when the Swiss won the victories of Novara and Marignan, he acted as army chaplain.

在意大利的运动， 1513年和1515年，当瑞士赢得了胜利，诺瓦拉和marignan ，他担任军队的牧师。