查询词典 biosphere

Ever since the 1970s, the contents related to soil resource have already expanded largely, they have began to serve for agriculture, industry, city planning and military service synthetically and people have began to regard soil resource as the conjunct results of geosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere.

由于土壤信息系统能够为用户提供准确、及时的土壤信息和相关信息，在全球土壤变化研究中这种技术的应用是不可避免的，同时为了准确评估土地生产力，及时监测土地质量的变化及建立全球变化模式，迫切需要建立和改善土壤信息系统。

Life could be seen as a complex interaction of lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere and its genesis is reviewed in different hypotheses.

可以把生命活动看成是岩石圈、大气圈、水圈及生物圈之间的一种复杂的相互作用。生命的起源，可以不同的看法来进行检阅。

Is a material place of molecules and atoms, of solids, liquids and gases, of atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and biosphere.

这些都是以人类为中心的人本主义思想的遗留物，已经不再合理。

From the broadest geophysiological point of view, the biosphere is the global ecological system integrating all living beings and their relationships, including their interaction with the elements of the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere.

从最广为流传的地球物理学观点来看，生物圈是地球上所有生态系统的集合，包括了所有生物及他们间的相互关系，所有生物与水圈，大气圈及岩石圈间的相互作用。

Interaction among Biosphere, Hydrosphere, Atmosphere and Lithosphere and its effect on the Earth's Surface System were elaborated in physical geography. Especially, it was emphasized that the Earth's Surface Environment is a system.

该课程主要是向学生介绍自然地理学的基础理论和方法，目的是培养学生形成地球表层环境的整体观念，了解自然环境发生的变化及其机理，懂得自然地理现象与土地科学的关系。

The coastal zone is located at the interconnect of lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere, where there are the various physical processes, chemical processes, biological process, and processes of exchange and transformation in it between substance and energy function, and is also an important base for the human activity.

海岸带处于地球表层岩石圈、水圈、大气圈与生物圈相互交接地带，是各种物理、化学、生物、物质与能量的交换与转换过程最活跃的场所，是人类活动的重要基地。

The eight major research topics are :①understanding coremantle processes, by deep drilling into a large oceanic plateau in the Western Pacific;②detailed investigation of material circulation during greenhouse Earth, and the transition process from greenhouse to icehouse environments, by drilling Cretaceous to Cenozoic sediments in the Pacific,③understanding the process of continental crust formation by deep drilling into oceanic arc,④Understanding the process of oceanic lithosphere formation by deep drilling of the back arc spreading system,⑤understanding of continentoceanatmosphere linkage, by drilling in the marginal seas and continental slopes of Asia,⑥investigation of the carbon cycle and the deep biosphere in accretionary prisms,⑦investigation of the mechanism and cycles of great earthquakes, tectonics, and mass circulation in convergent plate margins,and ⑧biology of extreme microorganisms living in deep accretionary prism environment.Keywords : Japan IODP Drilling Scientific goals.

其八项研究目标为：①钻探西太平洋洋底高原，认识核—幔作用过程；②钻探太平洋白垩纪—新生代沉积物，详细研究地球温室期间的物质循环及从温室环境到冰室环境的转化过程；③钻探大洋岛弧，认识大陆地壳形成过程；④钻探扩张的弧后，认识洋壳岩石圈形成过程；⑤钻探亚洲边缘海及陆坡，认识陆壳—洋壳—大气圈关系；⑥调查增生楔中的碳循环及深部生物圈；⑦调查汇聚板块边缘大地震周期及形成机制、构造及物质循环；⑧研究生活于增生楔环境中极端微生物生物学。

In the late 1990s Christopher Langdon, a marine biologist at the University of Miami, conducted an elegant experiment to test this surmise: he manipulated the water chemistry over an artificial coral reef that had been set up in a huge tank at Columbia University's Biosphere II laboratory (which, rather incongruously, is located in the middle of the Arizona desert).

令人惊讶的是，他发现即使海水对霰石还保持过饱和，珊瑚的碳酸钙产率却随 pH 值降低而下降。

On the basis of a great deal of information, several general problem on land sarface process parametrization for a global circulation model and its history of development are described. The Bucket model, EARTH, ISBA and SiSPAT models are respectively expounded, and the situation of studies on land surface process parametrization is summarized. China is a participating country of the international geosphere-biosphere program and the study on circulation of global energy and moisture, and has put forward some valuable soil-vegetation-atmosphere models for land surface process parametrization. which results in effective studies on vegetation indexes.

在大量资料基础上，叙述了大气环流模式陆面过程参数化方案的一般问题及其发展历程，分别阐述了水桶模式、EARTH模式、ISBA模式和SiSPAT模式；总结了在陆面过程参数化方面的研究状况，我国参与了国际地圈生物圈计划和全球能量与水分循环的研究，特别是在陆面过程的参数化研究方面，提出了一些有价值的土壤—植物—大气模式，对植被指数进行了有成效的研究。

The United Nations declared Isle Royale an International Biosphere Reserve in 1981 owing to its 200 species of wildflowers (including 32 species of orchids), 238 recorded species of birds (including the American black duck and red-breasted merganser), several dozen species of trees, four dozen species of butterflies, and much, much more.

事实上，不仅不孤单，我也从未感到寂寞。1981年﹐联合国宣布皇家屿为国际生物保护圈﹐因为岛上有200种野生花卉（包括32种兰花），238种观察有案的鸟类（包括美国黑鸭和赤胸秋沙鸭），几十种树木，将近50种蝴蝶，还有许多许多其它品种。

If you are unfortunate enough to the lovelorn, please tell me, I will help you out, really, please contact me!

如果你不幸失恋了，请告诉我，我会帮助你摆脱困境，真的，请联系我啦！

China's plan to cut energy intensity by 20 percent and pollutant discharges by 10 percent between 2006 and 2010 is a case in point.

中国计划在2006年到2010间降低20%的能源强度和减少10%的主要污染物排放，就是一个这样的例子。