查询词典 autonomy

Now it is also very leading-edge technology, which is a shareholder of Britain's technical Autonomy.

到现在也是非常领先的技术，这是我们英国的一个股东Autonomy提供的技术。

Starts with the three parts of the relationship of the villages and towns government and the villager committees and the relationship of the two rural committees and the relationship of the two rural committees and villager, analyzes how the agriculture tax-and-fee reformation effects on the villagers" autonomy systematically, and think the agriculture tax-and-fee reformation will be advantageous to die down "theadministeration turn" of the village committees, meliorate the relationship of the two rural committees and the crowd, alleviate the two rural committees antinomy, promote organization construction of the two rural committees, but in the meantime also bring some series problems for the village autonomy such as public finance problem, tax fee tail owe problem etc., in the end put forward that we should push forward the villager" autonomy of the post-agriculture tax ages from the four parts of the Grass-roots Government, relationship between officials and the masses, relationship between the two rural committees and the village collective economy.

本文针对以上问题，运用理论研究与实证分析、静态分析与动态分析相结合等研究方法，从乡镇政府与村民委员会关系、村"两委"关系以及村"两委"与村民关系等三方面入手，系统地分析了农业税费改革对村民自治的影响，认为农业税费改革将有利于减弱村民委员会的"行政化"、理顺村"两委"与群众的关系、缓解村"两委"矛盾、促进村"两委"的组织建设，同时也为村民自治带来了一系列问题，如财政问题、税费尾欠问题等，最后提出应从基层政权改革、干群关系、两委关系以及农村集体经济等四个方面来推进后农业税时代的村民自治。

The first chapter emphasizes on the background and process of urban community autonomy, the process is divided into three stages: the rise of community building, the reform of the management system and the autonomy practice of resident to introducing the community development in our country. The second chapter introduces the present condition of the community autonomy in changshou road. Including the organizational relation, the rule of the circulating and the development of NGOs. The third chapter deeply analyzes the problems to hider the development of community autonomy in the present stage in changshou road. The fourth Chapter gives some advice about the community autonomy to realize the real autonomy in our grass- roots society.

论文的引言部分对选题的缘起、目的、意义以及研究方法作了简要说明，同时也界定了文中涉及的一些重要的研究概念；正文的第一章主要是介绍我国城市社区转型的背景和进程，分社区建设的兴起、管理体制的改革、居委会自治实践三个阶段介绍了我国社区发展的主要历程；第二章主要是介绍了上海长寿路街道社区自治在组织体制，运行规则和民间组织发展等方面的发展现状；第三章作者对街道社区自治现阶段存在一些问题进行了深刻剖析；第四章是在分析问题的基础上对城市社区自治发展提出了一些可行的改进意见，希望能帮助我们的基层社会尽快实现真正的自治。

Second, regional autonomy for ethnic minorities in China is not only ethnic autonomy or local autonomy, but is the integration of ethnic and regional factors and the combination of political and economic factors.

二是中国的民族区域自治，不只是单纯的民族自治或地方自治，而是民族因素与区域因素的结合，是政治因素和经济因素的结合。

It isdivided three times: late QING and early MIN times (1905 to 1914) which has three phases ofthe general project office, the autonomy office, the townhouse; the project and tallage officetimes (1914 to 1923),shanghai autonomy is canceled in the times by law, and is in shadow;the city public office times (1923 to 1927) which shanghai autonomy was resumed, but it facesthe complicated polity conditions, its ability was oppressed and far from the center.

上海自治从1905年上海总工程局成立，到1927年南京国民政府统一全国结束，共分为三个时期：1905-1914年为清末民初时期，经历总工程局、自治公所、市政厅三个阶段；1914-1923年以工巡捐局为标志，上海自治被法令明令取消，上海自治处于隐形时期；1924-1927年上海市公所时期，自治得到恢复，但面临的政治形势更为复杂，上海市公所在复杂的政治形势影响下，其活动能力受到挤压而日益边际化。

The villager autonomy system in China has more than 20 years of time, in the 20 years of time, on the one hand, is the villager autonomy system perfect, on the other hand, the text again to the text from practice unceasingly, causing the villager autonomy to fully realize its governance performance.

内容提要：我国的村民自治制度产生已经有20余年的时间，在这20余年的时间里，一方面是村民自治的制度文本不断完善，另一方面又出现了实践对文本的不断偏离，致使村民自治难以充分实现其治理绩效。

It examines the theoretical foundation of associational autonomy, specific contents of autonomy right, relationship between autonomy right and state administrative authority, and a series of conditions of achieving autonomy right.

第二部分是行业协会自治，这是全文的核心，主要论述行业协会自治的理论基础，自治权力的具体内容，自治权与国家行政权，司法权的关系以及自治权实现的若干条件和要求。

However, having reviewed the Villager Autonomy of Shanghai in the angle of practitioner, the author found some problems which should be clarified jurally. For example, problem about legal capacity of villager council related to judicial almsgiving when villagers face the supervise of Villager Autonomy, definition of Villager, operational procedure to realize the "Law of Villager Council Structure of P. R.C.", program to guide the Villager Autonomy etc.

但是，笔者以一个实践者的角度来考察本市的村民自治，发现了一些问题，如由村民委员会的法律地位联系到村民在自治管理中处于相对方而涉及到的司法救济问题、&村民&的界定问题、《村组法》实施的某些操作程序问题、基层政府指导村民自治的程序问题等，都必须以法律法规的形式加以明确。

Build the development course to observe to new period regional national autonomy through the study on some important historical documents in this text, It is the horizontal and the vertical in applications , Finish comparing at analyse, history and logic unify at new period the theories of regional national autonomies and practice go on and expound the fact in detail many kinds of methods, In order to having one a piece of overall summing up relatively to this question, strive and seek and publish regional national autonomy the successful experiences of evolution, Point out that new period insists and perfect the realistic meaning of regional national autonomy.

本文作者通过对一些重要历史文献的研究，对新时期民族区域自治的发展历程进行了考察，并运用了横向与纵向比较分析相结合、历史与逻辑相统一等多种方法对新时期民族区域自治的理论与实践进行了详细地论述，以求对该问题有一个较全面的归纳，并力争探求出民族区域自治发展过程中的成功经验，指出新时期坚持和完善民族区域自治的现实意义。

As part of the study of social administration of Nanjing in the Republic of China, the thesis consists of 7 chapters: Chapter one explains the basic concepts of social administration and the development of modernization of Nanjing before 1927. It stresses the importance of social administration in city development through the depiction of social characteristics and problems of Nanjing. Chapter 2 introduced the theory of social administration of the Republic of China, under which the municipal institutions are structured. It focuses on the social theory of Sun Yat-sen and correlative comments of Jiang Kai-shi, which reflect the theoretic level and subjective intention of social reform of the Republic of China. Chapter 3 discusses the local autonomy of Nanjing of the Republic of China. The origin of democratic local autonomy theory and its influence over social administration are expatriated. The advantages and disadvantages of local autonomy are analyzed in detail. Chapter 4 focuses its discussion upon social rescue work, an important part of social administration, with general description of social rescue work in Nanjing and concludes the characteristics of social rescue work in the transition from the traditional to the modern society. Focusing on the prominent problem of the large flows and inflation of population of Nanjing, chapter 5 discusses the population and population management of Nanjing and outlines the population situation through analysis of the population problem, management methods and the current situation. Chapter 6 describes the unprecedentedly active citizen organizations and parties. The transform and changes of these organizations occurring under the new circumstances and their functions in social administration are analyzed to reveal the interactive function between government and social organizations in social administration. Chapter 7, the epilogue, makes theoretic evaluation of the characteristics of social administration and its revelation to the current society of Nanjing, hoping this research serves as a reference to the current time.

本文是民国南京社会管理研究的一个部分，由七个章节组成：第一章介绍了社会管理的基本概念和1927年以前南京社会近代化的变迁过程，通过对南京社会特点和社会问题的描述，阐明了社会管理在城市发展中的重要作用；第二章介绍了民国社会管理思想的基本内容和在此指导下的南京市政府有关机构的设置，着重阐述了孙中山的社会管理思想和蒋介石的有关论述，反映了国民政府的社会管理的认识水平及其实行社会改造的主观意图；第三章专题讨论了民国南京地方自治，对具有近代民主意义的地方自治思想的由来及其社会管理意义进行了阐述，具体分析了南京推行地方自治的利弊得失；第四章将社会救济事业作为社会管理的一项重要内容进行了讨论，描述了南京社会救济事业的基本概况并对从传统向近代过渡社会救济事业的若干特点进行了总结；第五章针对南京城市人口的大量流动和急剧膨胀这一突出的社会问题，集中讨论了南京的人口与人口管理，通过对南京人口问题、管理手段以及人口状况的分析，展示了南京人口构成的基本面貌；第六章描述了南京空前活跃的市民组织和社会团体，着意反映这些社会组织在新的条件下的转型和变化，分析其在社会管理中所发挥的作用，企望由此揭示政府与社会组织在社会管理中的互动作用；第七章为结语，对南京社会管理的特点及其对现实的启示进行了理论评价，力求本研究更能具有现实借鉴意义。

We are interested in your suggestions about appointing us to be the single dealer.

对贵方建议由我方担任独家经销商一事，我们颇感兴趣。

Three types of empty-shell marriages have been identified. In a devitalized relationship husband and wife lack excitement or any real interest in their spouse or their marriage.

一种是死气沉沉的婚姻：在这种婚姻关系中夫妻俩对于配偶或婚姻缺乏激情，或者缺乏真正的兴趣。