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Chinese pine and cypress culture,a cultural system centered on pine and cypress and their related cultural phenomena formed in the course of processing and utilizing pine and cypress and being used not just as a kind of natural material, is the essence of Chinese forestry culture and an important component of Chinese traditional culture with rich connotations.

摘要中国松柏文化是指人类在加工和利用松柏的过程中超越了松柏作为自然物的范畴，形成的一种与松柏相关的文化现象和以松柏为中心的文化体系。它是中国林业文化的精髓，是我国传统文化的重要组成部分，具有丰富的内涵。

Chinese pine and cypress culture,a cultural system centered on pine and cypress and their related cultural phenomena formed in the course of processing and utilizing pine and cypress and being used not just as a kind of natural material,is the essence of Chinese forestry culture and an important component of Chinese traditional culture with rich connotations.

中国松柏文化泛指人类在加工和利用松柏的过程中超越了松柏作为自然物的范畴，形成的一种与松柏相关的文化现象和以松柏为中心的文化体系。它的形成源于人类认识自然、改造自然过程中对自然松柏的认识和反映。中国松柏文化是中国林业文化的精髓。

The outputs of ZELIG model was used to 1evaluate the environmentalfactors which influence the growth of tree species of broad leaf korean pine forestin Changbai mountain;2simulate the dynamics of main types of forest in broad leafkorean pine forest zone and 3simulate the effect of selective cutting experiment onbroad leaf korean pine forest.

本文以森林Gap模型的理论为基础，通过大量的外业调查，建立了长白山阔叶红松林的ZELIG模型，并根据ZELIG模型的模拟结果对长白山阔叶红松林带的树木生长的环境因子进行了评价，同时对阔叶红松林带内的几种主要的森林类型进行了动态模拟，最后运用ZELIG模拟了阔叶红松林的择伐试验。

The compatibility of both Gvirens and B.firmus was researched. The fermentation filtrate of Gvirens , under the concentration of 70%, had not distinct inhibitory activity to B.firmus, the biomass of B.firmus would decrease with above the 70% filtrate of Gvirens, but the fermentation filtrate of B.firmus had not inhibitive role to Gvirens. 7, The cooperation control of both Gvirens and B.firm to the pine needle blight was explored:(1) Pathogen inoculation happened prior to the bio-control treatment for 7 days, however, the disease index and control effect had not distinct differences in any treatments even if combination of the two antagonists, but the susceptibility for different kind of pine were different.(2)when antagonist and pathogen were inoculated at the same time, some control effect to the pine needle blight, including certain extent cooperation control of both Gvirens and B.firm were proved, but it wasn't distinct when two antagonists used separately, and the change of the antagonist concentration had little effect to the control effect.

G.virens与B.firmus对松赤枯病的协同控制显示：(1)预先接种病菌后(7天)再进行生物防治处理，不管那种情况，感病指数和防治效果在处理间差异不明显，浓度影响无显著差异，即使是两种生防制剂联合作用也未显著提高其防效，但不同树种间的感病性有明显差异；(2)领抗菌与病原菌同时接种，对松赤枯病有一定防治效果，两菌联合有一定的协同作用，两菌分别单独施用防效差异不显著，浓度变化对防效影响不大；(3)预先接种颇抗菌能显著提高防治效果，两菌联合处理防效更优，感病树种的感病指数可降至13一15，抗病树种的感病指数可控制在3%左右；在同一浓度下B.f1'r功US、叹叮厂即s间无显著差异，在同一领抗菌下，浓度愈高，防效愈高：松，(4)三种生防接种方式的平均效果分析表明，叹F行ens最高平均防效49.5%黑 B。

China's imports of major timber ports: Pinus sylvestris, the Korean pine, pine scale, white pine, birch and poplar.

进口到中国口岸的木材主要有：樟子松、红松、鱼鳞松、白松、桦木和杨木。

Pine wilt disease is present and the future period of the greatest threats to forest biological disasters, pine to death from the illness is usually just two months later, 3 to 5 years can be destroyed into pieces pine forest.

松材线虫病是当前及今后一个时期威胁森林最大的生物灾害，松树从染病到死亡通常只需两个月左右的时间，3~5年即可摧毁成片松林。

Pine wilt disease is one of the most important pine tree diseases, and its causal agent is Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, which is a great threat to the pine forestry in many countries such as China Japan, Korea, the US, Canada, Mexico, and Nigeria, etc. It is one of the most important quarantine organisms, and also listed on A2 in China, which lead to imponderable loss every year.

松材线虫病是一种重要的林业病害，向来有&松树的癌症&的称号，对松树的危害十分严重，它的病原是松材线虫，它是包括日、韩、美、加拿大、墨西哥、尼日利亚和我国等许多国家重要的林业病害，也是许多国家的检疫对象，在我国属于二级检疫危害生物，造成的损失难于估计。

In discussion about the usage of the timber materials and added preservatives, with the good physical property, timber of Matsu including Japanese red pine (Akamatsu / Pinus densiflora, Japanese black pine (Kuromatsu / Pinus pentaphylla) and , Japanese larch (Karamatsu / Larix leptolepis) could often been seen in the usage of timber trusses on the specifications before the Japanese governed period.

木屋架用材上，统治初期主要沿用日本既有用材概念，常可见仕样书中指定力学性能较佳之松材（包括日本赤松、日本黑松及日本落叶松等材）作为木屋架用材；而柳杉则是最普遍被使用之材料。

Corsican pine dominates Thetford Forest in East Anglia which is the largest man-made pine forest in Britain.

以科西嘉松树为主的Thetford森林在东英格兰，这是世界上最大的人造油松林。

A couple of old pine trees surrounded by a group of broadleaf tree forests even cannot maintain the prestige as pine trees.

一棵棵老松无一不被阔叶林层层包围，已无法展示其雄壮的英姿。

Use nationalization degree and the relationship that commercialize degree, condition of calculable market economy plays scope of optimal and state-owned economy.

利用国有化程度与市场化程度的关系，可计算市场经济条件下最佳国有经济规模。

The kinds of extractant also effected desulfurization rate .

萃取剂对脱硫率的影响也很大，乙二胺的萃取效果优于甲醇的。