病菌

基本解释 (translations)

bug  ·  germina  ·  germs  ·  wog  ·  zyme  ·  bugged  ·  wogs

词组短语

disease germ · pathogenic bacteria

与病菌相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

Based on Phylogenetic analysis of sequences from these 10 phytoplasmas using PAUP (phylogenetic analysis using parsimony) software, these phytoplasmas could be classified into five groups. These phytoplasmas groups and strains were: group 1, sweetpotato witches' broom, mainland China strain of sweetpotato witches' broom, peanut witches' broom and Ipomoea obscura witches' broom; group 2, loofah witches' broom; group 3, elm yellows; group 4, rice yellow dwarf and sugarcane white leaf disease; group 5, New Jersey strain of aster yellows and western strain of aster yellows.

从spacer序列堆衍的亲缘演化树显示这10种植物菌质体可分为5群：第一群，甘薯簇叶病、甘薯簇叶病、花生簇叶病及细花牵牛簇叶病等菌质体；第二群，丝瓜簇叶病菌质体；第三群，榆树黄化病菌质体；第四群，水稻黄萎病及甘蔗白叶病菌质体；第五群，翠菊黄化病菌质体。

The minimum inhibitory concentrations of 1.5% Kathan for Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum, F. moniliforme, Trichothecium roseum, Verticillium dahliae, and Phytophthora boehmeriae were 40, 40, 20, 20, and 2 mg/L, respectively, while EC50s were 9.20, 0.785, 0.695, 2.84, and 0.346 mg/L, respectively. MIC of 1.5% Kathan for Xanthomonas oryzae Dowson, Erwinia carotovora PV. carotovora were 1 and 10 mg/L, respectively. These results suggest that Kathan has good inhibitory activity against the 7 pathogens tested, especially against P. boehmeriae and X.

结果表明，1.5%卡松对棉花枯萎病菌的MIC和EC50分别为40mg/L和9.2034mg/L，对棉花红腐病菌的MIC和EC50分别为40mg/L和0.7845mg/L，对棉花红粉病菌的MIC和EC50分别为20mg/L和0.6951mg/L，对棉花黄萎病菌的MIC和EC50分别为20mg/L和2.8383mg/L，对棉花疫病菌的MIC和EC50分别为2mg/L和0.3459mg/L；对水稻白叶枯病菌和大白菜软腐病菌的MIC分别为1mg/L和10mg/L；说明该药剂对供试7种植物病原菌均具有良好的抑制活性，尤以对棉花疫病菌和水稻白叶枯病菌的抑制活性较强。

S extract had an inhibition effect against Sphaerotheca fuligenea,The inhibition rate was 100% when extract concentration was 20mg/mL and the inhibition rate got to 67.66% even at the concentration of 2.5mg/mL. The extract of E. humifusa had different preventive effects against four strains of S. fuliginea from four districts in Shanghai. The preventive effects on the Qibao and Baoshan were better than those of Nanhui and Qingpu. The microorganism inhibition experiment by filter papers indicated that the extract of E. humifusa had higher inhibition effect against bacteria than on pathogenic fungus. Diameters of the zone of inhibition of salmonellas, Echerichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 15.77mm, 12.27mm and 10.53mm respectively. The extract of E. humifusa had a certain effect against Colletotrichum lagenarium, Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctomia solan and Pyricularia oryza but no effect against Helminthosporium maydis and Gibberella zea. The 4 cation exchange resins and ethanol deposition were used to isolate the active fractions from supernate after alkali deposition.

提取液对黄瓜白粉病菌体外分生孢子萌发抑制实验表明地锦提取液对黄瓜白粉病菌分生孢子的萌发有很好的抑制作用，抑制率随着地锦提取液浓度的增大而增高，当浓度为20mg/mL时，抑制率达到100%，即使在浓度为2.5mg/mL时，抑制率也达到了67.66%；室内盆栽苗期预防性实验表明了地锦提取液对上海4个不同地区的黄瓜白粉病菌均具有不同程度的抑制效果，对七宝和宝山地区的菌株抑制效果优于南汇和青浦地区的菌株；用滤纸片法测定了地锦提取液的抑菌谱，实验结果表明地锦提取液对供试的4种植物病原真菌：黄瓜炭疽病菌、黄瓜灰霉病菌、水稻纹枯病菌和水稻稻瘟病菌均具有一定的抑制效果，而对玉米小斑病菌和小麦赤霉病菌没有抑制效果，对供试的3种人类致病细菌沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均具有很好抑菌效果，抑菌圈直径分别为：15.77mm， 12.27mm和10.53mm。

The anti-microbial activity of active materials against valsa mail,fusarium oxysporum,coniothyrium diplodieua and aspergillus nidulans were measured in vitro.the results showed that active materials extracted using acetone,aether and petroleum ether presented fungistasis to different extent on the four pathogenic fungi and had the best effect to coniothyrium diplodieua.active material extracted using ethanol presented certain anti-microbial effect to fusarium oxysporum.the results also showed there were anti-microbial active material in the leaves of cichorium intybus and founded a base on the research and application.

然后以提取液为供试药剂，对苹果腐烂病菌、棉花枯萎病菌、葡萄白腐病菌、构巢曲霉病菌4种植物病原真菌进行离体活性测定。结果表明：丙酮、乙醚、石油醚的提取液对4种病菌均有不同程度的抑制作用，其中对葡萄白腐病菌抑制效果最好；乙醇的提取液对枯萎病菌具有一定的抑制作用。表明菊苣叶中存在抑菌活性成分，补充了菊苣抑菌活性的研究内容，为该种植物抑菌活性成分的研究和应用奠定基础。

The fungicidal activity of methanol extract was higher than that of ethyl acetate extract, and the inhibition rates were higher than 90% against Alternaria longipes, Fusarium oxysporium, Gibberella zeae, Glomerella cingulata, Exserohilum turcicum under the concentration of 1000g/mL The results of the inhibition of spore germination indicated that the fermentation products exhibited obvious inhibition rate against Alternaria longipes, Exserohilum turcicum and Fusarium coeruleum, the EC50 values was 59.4g/mL, 96.5g/mL and 132.5g/mL. In the bioassay of the fermentation products against Bacillus sub tills and Bacillus cereus, by means of detection fo inhibition zone, the inhibition zone diameter was 20mm and 27mm. The results of pot tests that methanol extract showed higher than 70% of protective efficacy and therapeutic efficacy against wheat powdery mildew under the concentration of 2000g/mL.

其中，甲醇提取物的抑菌活性比乙酸乙酯提取物强，在1000g/mL浓度下对烟草赤星病菌、马铃薯干腐病菌、小麦赤霉病菌、苹果炭疽病菌、玉米大斑病菌的菌丝生长抑制率均大于90%；抑制孢子萌发法试验结果表明，2K3菌株菌丝体的甲醇提取物对烟草赤星病菌玉米大斑病菌和马铃薯干腐病菌的EC50分别为59.4g/mL、96.5g/mL和132.5g/mL；管碟法生测结果表明，2K3菌株菌丝体的甲醇提取物对枯草芽孢杆菌和蜡状芽孢杆菌的抑菌圈直径分别为20mm和27mm；盆栽试验结果表明，2K3菌株菌丝体的甲醇提取物在2000g/mL浓度下对小麦白粉病的治疗和保护作用均在70%以上。

The fungicidal activity of methanol extract was higher than that of ethylacetate extract. The bioassay showed that the methanol extracts of strain As fermentation products had certain degree fungicidical activity against Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria longipes, Glomerella cingulata, Curvulavia lunata, Gibberella zeae, Valsa malt under the concentration of 4000μg/mL, the inhibiting ratio against pathogen growth was ranging from 62.9%~85.1%; The results of the inhibition of spore germination indicated that the fermentation products exhibited obvious inhibition rate against Alternaria longipes, the EC50 values was 62.5328μg/mL; The bioassay showed that the methanol extracts of strain As fermentation products had certain degree fungicidical activity against Bacillus cereus , Bacillus subtilis.

其中甲醇提取物的抑菌活性较乙酸乙酯好，在4000μg/mL浓度下对番茄灰霉病菌、烟草赤星病菌、苹果炭疽病菌、玉米弯孢叫斑病菌、小麦赤霉病菌、苹果腐烂病菌6种植物病原真菌均有抑制作用，抑制率在62.9%~85.1%；抑制孢子萌发试验表明：菌丝体甲醇提取物对烟草赤星病菌的毒力较好，其EC50仅为62.5328μg/mL；抑制细菌活性表明菌丝体甲醇提取物对蜡状芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌有一定的抑制作用，而对大肠杆菌无明显的抑制作用。

The results of mycelium growth rate showed that the value of EC50 against Bipolaria maydis, Macrophoma kawatsukai, Fusanrium oxysporum, Fusarium solaid and Fusarium oxysporium were 0.979, 0.505, 1.733, 0.425 and 0.849mL/L. The result of spore germination proved that the value of EC50 against Alternaria longipes, Exserohilum trucicum, Fulua fulua and Fusarium solani were 1.709, 0.375, 0.445 and 1.333mL/L.

该菌株发酵液对玉米小斑病菌、苹果轮纹病菌、棉花枯萎病菌、马铃薯干腐病菌和西瓜枯萎病菌菌丝的生长抑制中浓度(EC50)分别为0.979，0.505，1.733，0.425和0.849mL/L，对玉米大斑病菌、番茄叶霉病菌、马铃薯干腐病菌和烟草赤星病菌的孢子萌发抑制中浓度(EC50)分别为1.709，0.375，0.445和1.333mL/L。

On the inhibition to mycelial growth, the 95% ethanol extract had significantly inhibition to P. ultimum, F. oxysporum f. sp cucumber, R. solani and B. cinerea, and at the top treatment concentration of 0.002 g/mL, the inhibition rate reached to 60.32% 58.50%, 55.89% and 55.17%, respectively; But the 95% ethanol extract almost had no inhibition to S. rolfsii, its rate was just 17.19% at 0.002 g/mL.③On the inhibition to sprouting, the 95% ethanol extract had significantly inhibition to B. cinerea, R. solani, F. oxysporum f. sp cucumber and P. ultimum, and at the top treatment concentration of 0.002 g/mL, the inhibition rate reached to 95.24%, 90.48%, 89.47% and 85.71%, respectively; and the rate would exceed 40% to four fungi mentioned above when their concentration was not lower to 0.005g/mL. The 95% ethanol extracthad infirm inhibition to S. rolfsii, its rate was just 43.48% at 0.002 g/mL.

在抑制菌丝生长方面，鱼腥草95%醇提物对豌豆根腐病菌、黄瓜枯萎病菌、马铃薯立枯丝核病菌和大白菜灰霉病菌均有良好的抑制作用，在最高处理浓度为0.002 g/mL时抑制率分别达到60.32%、58.50%、55.89%和55.17%；对辣椒白绢病菌几乎没有抑制作用，在最高处理浓度为0.002 g/mL时抑制率仅为17.19%；③在抑制孢子萌发方面，鱼腥草95%醇提物对大白菜灰霉病菌、马铃薯立枯丝核病菌、黄瓜枯萎病菌和豌豆根腐病菌抑制效果明显，在最高处理浓度为0.002 g/mL时的抑制率分别达到95.24%、90.48%、89.47%和85.71%，且在处理浓度不低于0.000 5 g/mL时对以上4种真菌孢子的抑制率超过40%；对辣椒白绢病菌抑制作用较弱，在最高处理浓度为0.002 g/mL时仅为43.48%。

The progress levels of symptoms after pathogen infection showed that interaction of gray leaf spot pathogen and host has differentiation or polymorphism. The progress levels of symptoms is different.The aggressively has polymorphism. The pathogenicity of different isolates in same cultivar has polymorphism, or the host reaction type of same isolate in different cultivars has polymorphism.The host reaction type has differentiation. There are seven types of host reaction in cultivar and inbred after infected by GLS pathogen:Rectangular lesion without chlorotic halo, Rectangular lesion with chlorotic halo,Irregular lesion without chlorotic halo,Irregular lesion with chlorotic halo, Spot lesion with chlorotic halo,Rectangular and irregular lesionand Rectangular and spot lesion. The host reaction type is coalesced lesion when disease severely. Frequency of each reaction types is different.

通过对玉米灰斑病菌侵染后的显症过程的系统观察，可在组织水平上说明该病菌与寄主互作反应存在分化或多样性：玉米灰斑病菌不同菌株侵染后显症过程表现出明显的差异；玉米灰斑病菌在侵袭力上存在多样性，菌株间对同一种品种的致病性表现多样化，或者同一菌株对不同品种侵染引起的寄主反应表现为多样性；病斑反应型的分化，玉米灰斑病菌侵染玉米品种或自交系后，主要有7种病斑反应类型，即RH型、RN型、IRH型(不规则形具褪绿晕圈病斑)、IRN型(不规则形无褪绿晕圈病斑)、SH型、RI型(长矩形与不规则形混合病斑)和RS型(长矩形与斑点形混合病斑)，若发病严重，病斑连成片，而且这些反应类型出现的频率也不同。

With conventional PCR primer pair XBFF/R,the same 352bp bands appeared by amplifying all the DNA samples from the eight races,and no bands appeared by amplifying all the DNA samples from the 9 plant pathogen species(Cucumber powdery mildew,wheat yellow rust,wheat leaf rust,wheat stem rust,wheat scab,wheat sheath blight,wheat loose smut,maize sheath blight and maize head smut)and control.

3用常规PCR和实时荧光PCR两种方法对温室接种的小麦白粉病进行了检测，并在时间上与自然显症的观察进行了比较，结果表明：在温室条件下，小麦白粉病菌在接种后第5d时开始出现小麦白粉病病斑，而利用常规PCR引物XBFF/R可在接种第3d检测到小麦白粉病菌，比自然显症观察能够提前了2d检测到白粉病菌；实时荧光PCR法可在接种后1d即能检测到小麦白粉病菌，比自然显症观察能够提前了4d检测到白粉病菌，这可为白粉菌的预测或预警检测提供依据，更可为白粉病在流行前制定防治决策赢得宝贵时间。4。

与病菌相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

Botrytis cinerea Persoon：草苺灰色腐敗病菌;枇杷花腐病菌柿褐紋病菌

甘藷、菜豆、碗豆、烟草、大麻、黄麻、洋麻、篦麻灰霉病菌 Botrytis cinerea Pers. | 草苺灰色腐败病菌;枇杷花腐病菌柿褐纹病菌 Botrytis cinerea Persoon | 柿落果病菌 Botrytis diospyri Briosi

Botrytis cinerea Persoon：草莓灰色腐败病菌;枇杷花腐病菌柿褐纹病菌

"甘薯,菜豆,碗豆,烟草,大麻,黄麻,洋麻,篦麻灰霉病菌","Botrytis cinerea Pers." | "草莓灰色腐败病菌;枇杷花腐病菌柿褐纹病菌","Botrytis cinerea Persoon" | "柿落果病菌","Botrytis diospyri Briosi"

Botrytis diospyri Briosi：柿落果病菌

草苺灰色腐败病菌;枇杷花腐病菌柿褐纹病菌 Botrytis cinerea Persoon | 柿落果病菌 Botrytis diospyri Briosi | 蚕豆赤褐点病菌 Botrytis fabae Sardina

Corticium rolfsit Curzi：瓜類白絹病菌;煙草白絹病菌;蒟蒻白絹病菌;甜菜白絹病菌

瓜類 cucurbit | 瓜類白絹病菌;煙草白絹病菌;蒟蒻白絹病菌;甜菜白絹病菌;...... Corticium rolfsit Curzi | 瓜皮槭;瓜皮楓 Acer rufinerve S. et Z.

Cronartium quercuum Miyabe：栗树毛锈病菌;赤松黑松木瘿病菌;赤樫毛锈病菌

栗树毛锈病菌;赤松黑松木瘿病菌;赤樫毛锈病菌 Cronartium quercuum Miyabe | 茶藨子类锈病菌;发疹锈病菌 Cronartium ribicola Fischer . et Walh... | 黄精叶钩吻(松村) Croomia heterocephala Okuyama.; C.japonica ...

Cronartium ribicola Fischer . et Walheim：茶藨子类锈病菌;发疹锈病菌

栗树毛锈病菌;赤松黑松木瘿病菌;赤樫毛锈病菌 Cronartium quercuum Miy... | 茶藨子类锈病菌;发疹锈病菌 Cronartium ribicola Fischer . et Walheim | 黄精叶钩吻(松村) Croomia heterocephala Okuyama.; C.japonica ...

Gymnosporangium japonicum Sydow：龙柏锈病菌之一 ;贴梗海棠锈病菌之一;毛叶石楠赤星病菌之一

"杜松锈病菌;唐棣赤星病菌","Gymnosporangium idetae Yamad... | "龙柏锈病菌之一 ;贴梗海棠锈病菌之一;毛叶石楠赤星病菌之一","Gymnosporangium japonicum Sydow" | "梨三方赤星病菌 ;日本花楸赤星病菌之一","Gymnos...

Gymnosporangium juniperi Link：梨三方赤星病菌 ;日本花楸赤星病菌之一

"龙柏锈病菌之一 ;贴梗海棠锈病菌之一;毛叶石楠赤星病菌之一",... | "梨三方赤星病菌 ;日本花楸赤星病菌之一","Gymnosporangium juniperi Link" | "日本花柏锈病菌之一;日本花楸赤星病菌之一;水榆赤星病菌之一","Gymn...

Hypochnus sasakii Shirai;Pellicularia sasakii (Shirai) S. Ito：稻纹枝病菌;红花三叶草;白花三叶草叶腐病菌之一

"糖萝菔白绢病菌","Hypochnus rolfsii Sacc;Corticum... | "稻纹枝病菌;红花三叶草;白花三叶草叶腐病菌之一","Hypochnus sasakii Shirai;Pellicularia sasakii (Shirai) S. Ito" | "粟灰色白绢病菌","Hypochnus setar...

Phakospora pachyrhizi Sydow; Phakospora sojae Sawada; Uromyces sojae (P. Hann) Sydow：大豆锈病菌;葛锈病菌

无花果锈病菌 Phakospora nishidan... | 大豆锈病菌;葛锈病菌 Phakospora pachyrhizi Sydow; Phakospora sojae Sawada; Uromyces sojae (P. Hann) Sydow | 大豆锈病菌;葛锈病菌 Phakospora sojae Sawada; Phakospora ...