英语人>词典>汉英 : 制约与平衡 的英文翻译,例句
制约与平衡 的英文翻译、例句

制约与平衡

词组短语
check and balance
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In the fourth chapter, firstly it introduces the Boolean functions algebraic expressions of the 2-value clock-controlled stop-and-go generator and Gunther generator. It reveals the balanced property of the two kinds of Boolean functions, and studies the Walsh cycle spectrum and the autocorrelation function. It also obtains the coincidence rate of their output sequences with affine sum of some bits of input sequences, and analyzes their ability of resisting the best affine approximation cryptanalysis and differential cryptanalysis. Secondly, we properly present a new definition of the Best Affine Approximation, namely BAA on the Boolean vector functions, followed by the spectral characteristic of such defined BAA attacks through using the decomposition formula of the union distribution for random variables. A lower bound of such BAA attacks is proposed. Finally, we also study the spectral characteristic of the second kind of nonlinearity of Boolean vector functions, followed by a higher bound of such nonlinearity. Furthermore, the limited relationship between the second kind of nonlinearity of Boolean vector functions and the linear structure of the linear combination of every component is analyzed.

在第四章中,首先给出了2值密钥流"停走生成器"和"衮特生成器"中实际存在的布尔函数的代数表示,揭示了这两类布尔函数的平衡性,随后研究了它们的Walsh循环谱和自相关函数等,得到了它们的输出序列与输入序列中的某些bit的仿射项的符合率,分析了它们抵抗最佳仿射逼近攻击和差分攻击的能力;其次,我们合理地给出了布尔向量函数最佳仿射逼近的新定义,利用布尔随机变量联合分布的分解式考察了相应的谱特征,并给出了布尔向量函数与其最佳仿射逼近的符合率的一个下界;最后,我们还考察了布尔向量函数第二类非线性度的谱特征,给出了布尔向量函数第二类非线性度的一个上界,并揭示了布尔向量函数第二类非线性度与其各个分量的线性和的线性结构之间存在的制约关系。

The bounder land is some degree, to which the relationship between government and institutions will be in dynamic balance by mutual reliance and resistance.

这个边界就是"度",也就是在政府与大学的相互依赖,互相制约的动态平衡中寻找合适的度,从而使得政府与大学的关系达到协调与平衡。

Its direct function is to achieve check and balance of the power of governments.

宪法诉讼作为违宪审查的一种主要形式,以权力分立制衡原则为政治理论基础,其直接功能就是实现政府权力的制约与平衡

This school, then, sees in a system of checks and balances a universal principle for all pluralist societies.

现实主义学派认为所有的多元社会中的普遍原则是相互制约与平衡的系统。

To ensure the limitedgovernment's power, it is necessary to build up citizen society so as to replace some parts of the management function carried outby government.

为确保政府权力的有限,有必要构建市民社会,以代替政府行使部分管理社会的职能,并制约和抗衡政府权力,实现与政府权力平衡,从而保证市场经济的健康发展。

The reason contain life science itself and ethics norm about it. Life science makes ethics changes. Basic dynamic is the contradiction between the progress of life science and the demand to bring benefit to human. palingenesis between new and past is the course of the change. Balance between dynamic state development and quiet state restrict is the result.

生命科学发展引起了伦理道德的变化,这一变化的根本动因是由生命科学发展与造福人类需要的矛盾决定的,而伦理道德的旧中鼎新,新中继旧则是变化的必然过程,其结果导致了动态发展与静态制约的平衡,变化的最终方向是促进生命科学更好的造福人类、提高生命质量。

It needs a long time to fulfill. Nowadays, some restricted factors of all-round development of human beings still exist. For example, they are the imbalance of the development in the economy, the faultiness in political system, the inharmonic relationship between human beings and nature etc.

现阶段,我国社会发展中仍然存在着一些因素制约着人的全面发展,诸如社会经济发展的不平衡、政治制度的不完善、人与自然关系的不协调等问题,使人的发展还处于相对较低的发展水平上。

The other, however, is not so satisfying in that the balance in the previous four years has been broken: the newly recruited outnumbers the senior ones between 1998 and 2003, leading up to a series of problems, including 1 the number of retired athletes increases every year, along with the decrease of the rate of successful deployment, 2 papers issued by the government guiding the deployment were not carried out properly, 3 the papers themselves were outdated and ways of deployment are restricted, 4 the present system of the government is too old for the new situation and has many stark contradictions, 5 the retired athletes ... themselves are not quite adequate for the comprehensive requirements posed by a ever-developing society, 6 specialties of athletes dont meet the needs of the employers, 7 discrepancies of understanding of the deployment among the managing staff, the coaches and the athletes has a limiting effect, 8 the absence of a unit specialized in the deployment of the retired excellent athletes 9 the training of the athletes do not match the need of the time.

3福建省退役就业现状的研究研究结果表明1994—1998年福建省退役运动员的就业问题解决的很好,&出&与&入&两方面保持平衡:1998—2003年福建省退役运动员就业山现了&出&与&入&的极大不平衡,表现在&入&多&山&少,运动员退役就业出现很大问题,这些问题主要表现在:运动员退役的人数在逐年上升,而相反就业的人数呈逐年递减;政府制定的退役运动员安置文件的落实没有很好的落实到位;退役运动员就业文件滞后、不到位,就业渠道难以拓宽:政府体制陈旧,矛盾突出:运动员的自身综合素质达不到社会对复合型人才的要求;运动员所从事的体育项目与就业安置方面的联系;管理人员、教练员和运动员对安置工作认识上的误差制约:。

The general average cases will decline with the shipowner's conservative attitude, the small general average clause will decrease too.

经由新制约安规则修订之影响,可预见共同海损制度将朝向理算规则与程序简化之目标迈进,共同海损案件亦将随著船东趋於保守之态度而有所下降,小额共同海损条款使用之情形也将增加,以避免小额共同海损理算的不经济;另一方面经由理算项目的减少,共同海损金额亦将下降,预期将可降低海上保险人损失赔款支出,并有新险种需求产生之可能;整体而言,新制约安规则系有利於货主而损及船东利益,使得共同利益与共同安全的冲突关系有新的平衡产生。

Because of the low efficiency of economy collectivization, collective property rights can"t last for a long time and central government has to communicate with community and peasants. Rural community collective property rights become subjective through balancing benefits by formal or informal trading. With the changes of political and economical environment, the contradiction of rural community property rights between fair and efficiency become more and more serious. Collective lands and collective enterprises advance to privatization gradually. There are two kinds of country collective property rights in the history of its evolution, one offer community common good and the other satisfy peasants" private demand. The collective property rights institution improvement brings efficiency because it privatizes the latter. Because of the limit of industrialization and civilization, land is still the last social welfare of peasants, so rural community must attain the collective property rights to control the pressure of population. Also community has to get money from collective economy.

本文分析的思路是;由于制度变迁的&路径依赖&,农村社区之间的利益分配边界在解放以后得以保持并在集体化过程中得到加强,为社区获得排他性集体产权奠定了基础;由于国家对农村经济的集体化效率极低而不可能长期维持,国家不得不与社区和农民对话,通过正式或非正式的交易平衡多方利益,社区集体产权获得实质性内容;随着政治、经济等环境的不断变化,社区集体产权公平与效率之间的矛盾同益明显,集体土地和集体企业逐渐朝私有化的方向发展;从农村社区集体产权制度变迁的历史来看,集体产权实际上包含两种形式:提供社区公共物品和满足社区农民个人需求,每一次集体产权的制度创新,都是使后者&私有化&而提高了集体经济的效率;但是,受我国工业化和城市化进程缓慢的制约,土地依然是农民最后的生存保障,农村社区必须保持对土地的集体产权以调节人口变化对土地的压力,社区组织行使职能也必须有一定的集体经济提供资金支持。

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Check and Balance:制约平衡

在这种政治状况下,最高法院变成了"双面脸"的形象:在涉及国家政治权力以及所谓"公共秩序"方面,丝毫不留情面的"铁面无私",顺应政府意志,放弃了制约平衡(Check and Balance)的宪法使命;而在与国家政治无甚直接关联的环境诉讼或者公益诉讼上,

checks and balances:制约与平衡

这就是宪政中无所不在的"制约与平衡"(checks and balances)概念的理论依据. 宪法学或政府学主要是关于权力平衡的科学. 再回到一开始的图景,设想构成社会的这群独立而又相互联系的利己主义个体. 从公共选择的角度来看,权力科学的任务是设计一个政治与社会体制,

legislative:立法权

美国政府的权力被分为三个分支(branches),即立法权(legislative),行政权(executive),和司法权(judicial),并通过这三个分支的相互制约与平衡(checks and balances)达到美国联邦宪法所追求保护个人人权,限制政府权力等价值趋向.