雌性动物

With this method the homomorphic chromosome pair No.10 in Bufo bufo gargarizans could be identified as sex-specific chromosomes of the ZZ/ZW-type.The Z chromosomes in all male animals replicated synchronously,but Z chromosome and W chromosome of females revealed heteromorphic replication pattern.

用这种方法我们鉴定中华大蟾蜍蜍第10对同型染色体为ZZ/ZW型性染色体，所有雄性动物两个Z染色体的复制型是完全相同的，而雌性动物的Z和W染色体显示出异型复制型。

Males compete because the more females they inseminate, the more genes they will leave behind. Females mainly let the males get on with this, and pick the winners.

雄性动物彼此竞争是因为一旦更多雌性动物受精，就能够延续其基因；雌性动物基本上是让雄性彼此竞争，然后选取最终的胜利者。

The intersexual aggression of male was significantly higher than the intersexual aggression of female and the intrasexual aggression of male. There was significant difference about male's aggression between two groups; but for female, there was no significant difference. The combat occurred intensely when two females met whether in male vs female or female vs female, but were both higher than the intrasexual aggression of male. With the increasing of meeting time, the male and female in female vs female decreased their aggression; the female in female vs male kept its aggression in high level. The component of aggression was resembled to the exhibition of aggression in every group.

同性个体间雄性动物的攻击水平显著高于同性个体间雌性动物的攻击水平和异性个体间雄性动物的攻击水平；同性个体间雌性动物的攻击水平和异性个体间雌性动物的攻击水平没有差异，但两者均高于异性个体间雄性动物的攻击水平；雄性动物和雌雌组中雌性动物的攻击行为均随着熟悉程度的增加而减弱；雌雄组中雌性动物的攻击行为在各时间段的差异不大。

But in fact, the fellatio is humanity's unlearned behaviour, all female animal when oestrus period, the reproductive organ nearby can secrete the Fellow Mongolia to attract the male gender to be close, and lets the male gender contact the female with the mouth reproductive organ, the amusement period of time, only then starts the copulation.

但事实上，口交是人类的本能行为，所有的雌性动物在发情期时，生殖器附近都会分泌费洛蒙来吸引雄性接近，并让雄性用口去接触雌性的生殖器官，玩乐一阵子，才开始交配。

For nonsocial animals that spawn independent young, extended lifespan is associated with good nutrition and the absence of disease and predators.

有一些非社会性的动物，它们需要生育大量的后代，但是这些后代并不需要雌性动物进行抚养，那么这些雌性动物的生育后期的时间，很大程度上需要依赖良好的营养，并且没有疾病和天敌的干扰。

In the nature, most male animal ratio pantheress animals are all beautiful, for example the Cape of the" mane" hair, hart and the rich in hues feather of the male peacock of the male lion.

自然界中，大多数雄性动物比雌性动物都漂亮，比如雄狮的"鬣"毛、鹿的角和雄孔雀的斑斓羽毛。

Methods:(1) The two-sided ovary of female animal and the two-sided testicle of male animal were excised. After the XLGBC to treat 28 days, the estradiol and the teststerone of serum were checked;(2) With intramuscular injection the Hydrocortisone,the Yangxu animals was made. After the XLGBC to treat 10 days, the testicle coefficient,the spermathecal gland coefficient and the ovary coefficient were observed;(3) With ig the Thyroid tablets and the Reserpine, the Yinxu animal was made. After the XLGBC to treat 10 days, the testicle coefficient,the spermathecal gland coefficient and the ovary coefficient were observed.

（1）雌性动物摘除双侧卵巢，雄性动物摘除双侧睾丸，复制成去势动物模型后予仙灵骨葆胶囊治疗28天，检测血清雌二醇和血清睾酮；（2）肌注氢化可的松，复制成阳虚动物模型后予仙灵骨葆胶囊治疗10天，观测并计算动物的睾丸系数、精囊腺系数和卵巢系数；（3）灌胃甲状腺片和利血平，复制成阴虚动物模型后予仙灵骨葆胶囊治疗10天，观测并计算动物的睾丸系数、精囊腺系数和卵巢系数。

Next, regarding question two, because present uses the injection contraceptive the method to maintain this population the stability, moreover already did not have the individual to move away or the situation which poaches, for this reason we transform this populations stability to ask this population every years newborn baby quantity to subtract this year death individual the quantity differential value; Moreover from this population year quantity with this year the end of the years quantity differential value, when tends 0, namely thought that this community individual quantity is stable, thus the question stability problem transforms to ask simple targets optimization problems model building; Carries on using MATLAB to the model obtains, obtains, when did not consider when uncertainty factor influence must inject the medicine female animal quantity is 276 heads, but when had considered after twin and by duplicate injection these two uncertainty factor influence, obtains must inject the medicine female animal quantity is 352 heads, including 110 are by the duplicate injection.

其次，对于问题二由于现在采用注射避孕药的方法来维持该种群的稳定，而且已经没有个体被运走或被偷猎的情况，为此我们把该种群的稳定性转化为求该种群每年的新生幼仔的数量减去该年死亡个体的数量的差值；另外从该种群年头的数量与该年年底的数量的差值，当趋于0时，即认为该群落的个体数量是稳定的，从而把问题的稳定性问题转化为求单目标的最优化问题建立模型；利用MATLAB对模型进行求得，得出当不考虑不确定性因素影响时要注射药物的雌性动物数量为276头，而当考虑了双胞胎和被重复注射这两个不确定性因素影响后，得到要注射药物的雌性动物数量为352头，其中有110头是被重复注射的。

But one possibility is that, in a species in whichfemales routinely mate with several males, chimerism evolved as a way of dupingmales into looking after offspring that are not their own.

但是有一个可能是，在某些物种的世界里，雌性动物会通常与好几个雄性动物交配，而嵌合现象就逐渐成为蒙骗雄性动物的一种方式–雄性动物就此会好好照顾那些不属于自己的子女。

Their paper in July's edition of the Journal of Animal Ecology shows that for marmots, at least, a bit on the side can help a female's evolutionary chances no end.

她们发表在动物生态学期刊7月份杂志上的论文讲道，适量的通奸行为能有助于雌性动物的进化得到无止境的发展，至少对土拨鼠来讲是如此。

But in the course of internationalization, they meet with misunderstanding and puzzlement.

许多企业已经意识到了这一点，但在国际化的进程中，仍存在一些误区与困惑。

Inorder toaccomplish this goal as quickly as possible, we'll beteamingup with anexperienced group of modelers, skinners, and animatorswhosenames willbe announced in the coming weeks.

为了尽快实现这个目标，我们在未来数周内将公布与一些有经验的模型、皮肤、动画制作小组合作。