隧道

Rock blast is one of the main geological hazards during tunnel construction at high land stress zone. Rock blast greatly threatens the production safety of the construction enterprise. It is of great importance to predict the extent of rock blast when designing and constructing this kind of tunnel.

岩爆是高地应力区岩质隧道开挖施工过程中发生的主要施工地质灾害之一，它的发生对隧道施工企业的安全生产构成很大的威胁，对岩爆发生可能性及其程度的预测是这类隧道设计、施工及安全生产所面临的重大问题。

This research shows that the effect of shield tunnel on the adjacent building's pile foundation is time dependent, because the adjacent structure and the pile foundation are affected in a certain period of time even after the shield was excavated, and this affected time is related to the viscoelastic property of soil, the parameters of the existing tunnel and structure.

研究表明，盾构隧道对邻近建筑物及桩基的影响是时间相关的，隧道在开挖后一段时间内对周边建筑及桩基产生影响，其影响时间的长短与周边土体的粘弹性性质以及隧道和邻近建筑的参数有关。

The crossover tunnel has such features as a large span, a shallow coverage and many sections with complex structures; in addition, there are also many municipal pipes such as rain water pipe over the tunnel, so the ground subsidence must be restricted strictly to insure the safety of surrounding environment.

该隧道具有&隧道跨度大（最大跨度22.1 m），埋深浅，断面类型多、结构复杂&等特点，隧道上方有雨水管等市政管线，地层沉降控制难度极大。

In order to research the fire properties in the municipal tunnel with the mode of natural ventilation and the openings on its roof, full-scale fire tests were designed and conducted in a finished tunnel. The longitudinal diversification laws of maximum smoke temperature around the vault of the tunnel were collected.

为了研究顶部开口的城市隧道在采用自然通风模式下的火灾特性，在已建成的隧道中设计并实施了全尺寸火灾试验，得到了隧道火灾自然通风模式下的拱顶附近烟气最高温度纵向变化数据。

This paper examines the cracks appeared in the retaining wall beside the FeiYuze tunnel uplink secondary lining vault. The seismic CT technology was used to investigate the engineering geology structure of the covering rock mass above the tunnel. The results indicate that the rock mass had three fracture zones along tunnel axial and the rock mass quality in the small mileage entrance section was poor.

针对飞鱼泽隧道的上行线二衬拱顶靠档墙处出现裂缝，经地震CT技术查清隧道上所覆盖岩体的工程地质结构结果表明，沿隧道轴向存在三个岩体破碎带，其中在小里程入口段，岩体完整性较差。

Because of ventilating requirement of cross-ocean tunnel, especially long distance cross-ocean tunnel, ventilating shaft should be set in the sea.

长距离深海跨海沉管隧道，为满足隧道内运营通风的要求必须在隧道中部设置通风竖井。

The left and right tunnel will influence each other in construction of closely -spaced tunnel, it is key to success that middle rock body is reinforced.

小净距隧道由于间距较小，左右隧道在施工过程中将相互影响，所以双洞之间的中间岩体加固是隧道施工成功的关键。

A large 3D numerical model of forked tunnel is set up and different construction processes are simulated by D-FEM. Through analyzing displacement, stress and damage yield zone of tunnel surrounding, the optimum construction process that left tunnel excavates ahead of right tunnel 32 m is determined, left tunnel and right tunnel excavate synchronously is proposed.

建立了分岔隧道大型三维数值模型，采用弹塑性损伤有限元D-FEM模拟了分岔隧道不同的施工过程，通过分析施工过程中隧道围岩的位移、应力和损伤屈服区，最终确定采用左洞超前右洞32m，左右洞同步开挖的施工方法。

Based on long-term monitoring convergence deformation of Wuqiaoling deep-buried long tunnel, this paper analyzes convergence deformation regularity of two parallel main tunnels. Results show the left main tunnel's convergence obviously exceeds that of the right, because the right main tunnel's construction absorbs the experience of the left main tunnel. Furthermore, authors research on rheology rule of Wuqiaoling tunnel by FLAC(superscript 3D). Numerical analysis result basically is consistent with actual measurement result. Finally, 6 principles to dispose soft wall rock rheology are presented.

首先，在对乌鞘岭深埋长隧道进行长期围岩收敛变形的基础上，分析乌鞘岭深埋长隧道左、右主洞的收敛变形规律，其研究结果表明左线主洞的收敛变形均大于右线主洞，这是由于进行右线主洞施工时吸取了左线施工的经验；然后，利用FLAC(上标 3D)对乌鞘岭深长隧道软弱围岩流变进行数值研究，数值分析结果与实测结果较为一致；最后，提出对软弱围岩流变进行工程治理的6条原则。

Based on long-term monitoring convergence deformation of Wuqiaoling deep-buried long tunnel, this paper analyzes convergence deformation regularity of two parallel main tunnels. Results show the left main tunnel＇s convergence obviously exceeds that of the right, because the right main tunnel＇s construction absorbs the experience of the left main tunnel. Furthermore, authors research on rheology rule of Wuqiaoling tunnel by FLAC^3D. Numerical analysis result basically is consistent with actual measurement result. Finally, 6 principles to dispose soft wall rock rheology are presented.

首先，在对乌鞘岭深埋长隧道进行长期围岩收敛变形的基础上，分析乌鞘岭深埋长隧道左、右主洞的收敛变形规律，其研究结果表明左线主洞的收敛变形均大于右线主洞，这是由于进行右线主洞施工时吸取了左线施工的经验；然后，利用FLAC^3D对乌鞘岭深长隧道软弱围岩流变进行数值研究，数值分析结果与实测结果较为一致；最后，提出对软弱围岩流变进行工程治理的6条原则。

Chrysanthemum of 10 thousand birthday is lax to edaphic requirement, with the arenaceous qualitative loam with fecund, good drainage had better.

万寿菊对土壤要求不严，以肥沃。排水良好的砂质壤土为好。

He unstepped the mast and furled the sail and tied it.

他拔下桅杆，把帆卷起，系住。