钢铁

It is important to make clear whether the steel industry has the characteristic of scale economy or diseconomy of scale and the relation between efficiency and market structure which is the foundation of making reasonable industrial policy.

为此本文首先采用数据包络方法测量和分析钢铁企业技术效率、纯技术效率和规模效率，随后从企业的角度系统的分析钢铁钢铁行业市场结构、企业规模与企业效率之间的关系，得出的结论是我国主要钢铁企业存在规模不经济特征，大企业相对小企业没有效率优势；市场力量假说和效率结构假说在我国钢铁业市场均不成立。

The iron and steel industry has the very strong economies of scale characteristic, however the scale of our Iron and steel enterprise is generally small, the majority has not achieved the economies of scale, large-scale and the extra large type Iron and steel enterprise relative smalls does not have the remarkable efficiency superiority, our country iron and steel industry does not have the remarkable economies of scale characteristic obviously.

钢铁工业是具有很强规模经济特征的行业，然而我国钢铁企业规模却普遍较小，大多数并未达到规模经济，大型和特大型的钢铁企业相对中小钢铁企业不存在显著的效率优势，可见我国钢铁工业并不存在显著的规模经济特征。

With the booming of iron and steel industry in China, which is the important and basal industries of national economy, more and more stated owned, state holding, foreign capital, foreign holding company and many other kind of enterprises have been joining this industry, the competition of the iron and steel enterprises become aboil.

钢铁工业作为国家经济的重要基础产业，随着我国钢铁产能的持续大幅增长、国有及国有控股企业、民营及民营控股企业、外资及外资控股企业多种所有制经济共同发展钢铁工业的出现，钢铁企业间的竞争日趋激烈。

International steel trade frictions have been getting incandesced, since these years, mainly because of global overproduction of steel , changes in comparative advantages by the gaps of productivity and reconstruction between the great producer nations.

近两年国际钢铁贸易摩擦迭起的主要原因在于：世界钢铁市场处于持续饱和状况；主要钢铁生产国产业调整进展不一，相对竞争力发生变化；主要钢铁生产国生产率差异仍然较大。

The stern situation which steel enterprises face is: Steel is overproduced and the supply is bigger than the demand; the price of steel product falls sharply, but the price of raw materials and energy resources rises rapidly; Resource's connatural weakness decides that the steel enterprises'development which under the extensive economic development system will be limited by the resources bottleneck for a long time.

钢铁企业面临的严峻形势是：钢铁产品生产过剩、供大于求；钢铁产品的价格直线下跌，而原材料、能源的价格却飞涨；资源的先天性弱势，决定了在粗放型经济增长模式下钢铁企业受资源瓶颈的制约将长期存在。

The debate about where the steel industry is going will feature in the discussions today and tomorrow at the annual meeting in Berlin of the International Iron and Steel Institute, the main trade body for the industry to which all the world's biggest steel producers belong.

关于钢铁行业走向的争论，是近期在柏林举行的国际钢铁协会(International Iron and Steel Institute)年会的焦点。国际钢铁协会是钢铁行业的主要行业团体，世界上所有大型钢铁公司都是该机构的成员。

Mobile steel network is concerning 3G strong energy in market, is an integrated internet and mobile internet, is the only personal B2B mobile E-commerce platform of iron and steel industry, is the first SNS community of iron and steel industry in China, is also the most respected professional brand in China's iron and steel industry .

移动钢铁成立于2007年8月，隶属于上海升友信息科技有限公司，是全球最大的钢铁移动电子商务平台。她集聚3G强势市场能量，是中国最早的钢铁行业SNS社区，也是中国钢铁专业人士最受推崇的专业品牌。

Mobile steel network is concerning 3G strong energy in market, is an integrated internet and mobile internet, is the only personal B2B mobile E-commerce platform of iron and steel industry, is the first SNS community of iron and steel industry in China, is also the most respected professional brand in China's iron and steel industry .

移动钢铁网是全国首家集成互联网和移动互联网、集聚3G强势市场能量、钢铁行业唯一的专业性B2B移动电子商务平台，是中国最早的钢铁行业SNS社区，也是中国钢铁专业人士最受推崇的专业品牌。

The Introduction of 3G mobile steel network mobile steel network is concerning 3G strong energy in market, is an integrated internet and mobile internet, is the only personal B2B mobile E-commerce platform of iron and steel industry, is the first SNS community of iron and steel industry in China, is also the most respected professional brand in China's iron and steel industry .

移动钢铁简介移动钢铁网成立于2007年8月，隶属于上海升友信息科技有限公司，是全国首家集成互联网和移动互联网、集聚3G强势市场能量、钢铁行业唯一的专业性B2B移动电子商务平台，是中国最早的钢铁行业SNS社区，也是中国钢铁专业人士最受推崇的专业品牌。

It indicates that the steel enterprise should be reformed and developed through product modification and product structure adjustment in order to upgrade products and increase competitive power in markets and therefore to rise to the challenge from WTO and steel markets globalized;the super large? sized steel trust should be constructed though stock ownership reorganization linked by capital so as to resist incursion of the steel magnate at abroad and rejuvenat.e national steel indutry; the mind should be emancipated, the concept should be changed , the power for the enterprise reforms should be enhanced, especially to reform management and administration systems to create sufficint and essential conditions for the enterprise rejuvenation and development.

本文认为，钢铁企业的改革和发展，应该以产品改造和产品结构调整为突破口，迎接WTO和全球化钢铁大市场的挑战，培育钢铁企业的产品升级能力和市场竞争能力；以资本为纽带，通过股份制改组，构建超大型的钢铁托拉斯，抵御国外钢铁巨头的入侵，振兴民族钢铁工业；解放思想，转变观念，加大国有大中型钢铁企业的改革力度，特别是要改革企业内部的经营机制和管理机制，创造企业振兴与发展的充分条件和必要条件。

Objective To investigate the effects of interleukin-1 β converting enzyme gene on the biologic characteristics of ovarian cancer cells.

目的 探讨白细胞介素-1 β转换酶的表达，对卵巢癌细胞生物学特性的影响。

Campylobacter: This illness is the most commonly identified cause of diarrheal illness in the world.

弯曲：这种病是最常见的原因查明腹泻病，在世界上。