酸

The application form of acidifier has developed from single acid to compound acids. But reasonable compound acidifier is insufficiency in theoretics to sustain, this is the weakness aspect in acidifier research. The evolution about these aspects have been summarized in this article.

酸化剂应用形式也经历了由单一酸到复合酸的过程，但复合酸的合理配伍缺乏相应的理论基础，目前关于各种酸化剂的互作关系以及酸化剂和其他添加剂间的互作效应的研究正逐步展开，必将为酸化剂的进一步发展提供理论支持。

The components of higher relative content in wines were ethyl acetate, butanoic acid methylester, acetic acid isobutylester, butyric acid ethylester, isobutylalcohol, isopentylacohol acetate, isopentylalcohol, acetic acid hexylester, hexylalcohol, ethyl caprylate, decanoic acid ethylester, acetic acid phenethylester, lauric acid ethylester, benzeneethanol, octanoic acid,decanoic acid and hexanoic acid ethyl ester.

猕猴桃酒样中乙酸乙酯，丁酸甲酯，丁酸异丁酯，丁酸乙酯，异丁醇，乙酸异戊酯，异戊醇，乙酸己酯，己醇，辛酸乙酯，癸酸乙酯，乙酸苯乙酯，月桂酸乙酯，苯乙醇，辛酸，癸酸，己酸乙酯等相对含量较高。

After esterification, the ethyl-2-chloro-3-phenylpropionate reacts with diethyl malonate under the catalysis of sodium ethylate, and we obtain the corresponding triethyl ester. The-benzylsuccinic acid is formed by the triethyl ester reacting with concentrate hydrochloric acid and taking place hydrolyzation and decarboxylation reaction at the same time. In order to avoid the formation of cinnamic acid, the sodium ethylate and diethyl malonate must be react sufficiently. The course has simple operation, inexpensive materials and better yield.

具体制备工艺为：首先以L-苯丙氨酸为原料采用重氮化方法得到-2-氯-3-苯基丙酸，再经酯化得到-2-氯-3-苯基丙酸乙酯后在乙醇钠催化作用下和丙二酸二乙酯缩合，发生SN2反应，得到相应的三乙酯，然后经水解和脱羧，得到-苄基丁二酸；在实验中乙醇钠要和丙二酸二乙酯充分反应，避免生成肉桂酸乙酯；该过程操作简单，原料便宜，产率较高，总收率可达到26.8%。

Secondary pollution might be produced in the weak zone while conventional acidify because of halfway flowback under poor producing energy. Thief zones can obtain superfluous acidizing fluid because of the permeability contrast between layers of prominent interlamination antinomy, which can induce collapse in the thief zone and invalid acidification in the less permeable layers.

低压油气层常规酸化时由于地层能量低，导致残酸溶液无法彻底返排而引起地层的二次污染；层间矛盾突出的地层，由于渗透率差异，酸液将优先进入高渗地层，导致高渗透层进酸量多，从而过度酸化引起坍塌，低渗透层则由于进酸量少而达不到酸化的目的。

Objective To explore the effect of high serum concentration of bile acids on energy metabolism of liver.Methods Bile acids were continously infused into the Wistar rats to simulate the serum concentration change of patients with obsturctive jaundice.Serum bile acids concentration,arterial blood ketone body ratio and energy charge of liver were determined.Results Aterial blood ketone body ratio and energy charge of liver decreased with the increase of serum bile acids concentration.Conclusion High serum concentration of bile acids plays an important role in hepatic fumction injury caused by biliary obstruction.

目的 探讨高胆汁酸血症单一因素对肝脏能量代谢的影响方法经Wistar大鼠颈内静脉持续给予外源性胆汁酸，升高其外周血清中胆汁酸浓度，模拟阻塞性黄疸患者外周血清中胆汁酸的变化规律，观察腹腔动脉血酮体比值及肝组织能荷变化，时间一周结果随外周血清中胆汁酸浓度的升高，腹腔动脉血酮体比值、肝组织能荷均呈进行性下降结论高胆汁酸血症时肝脏能量代谢受损，表明在阻塞性黄疸患者肝功能损害中高胆汁酸血症起了重要作用

Better results could be obtained, For 40 hours fermentation, cell dry weight and PHB concentration reached 32.7 g · L-1 and 21.4g · L-1 respectively.The synthesis of Poly (β-Hydroxybutyrate-co-β-Hydroxyvalerate) by the strain G-IIIy from different precusor was studied. It was found that the strain G-IIIy could accumulate PHBV with sucrose as carbon source and propionic acid or valeric acid as precursor . In 2L self-controlled fermentor, the dry cell weight, PHBV concentration and PHBV content reached 35.8g·L-1, 22.6g·L-1 and 38.4% respectively in the case of fermentation for 42 hours and the propionic acid as precursor.

研究了添加不同前体物，G-Ⅲy菌株生产聚β-羟基丁酸和聚β-羟基戊酸共聚物的发酵条件，结果表明，此菌株能以丙酸或戊酸为前体，在蔗糖为碳源的条件下合成PHBV共聚物；在2L发酵罐中，以丙酸为前体，发酵16小时开始流加丙酸，根据发酵液pH值变化控制丙酸流加量，发酵42小时，细胞干重、PHBV产量和含量分别达到35.8g/L，22.6g/L，63.13％。

Grew on the normal temperature, it was shown that the deposits of calcium antimonate being the indicator for Ca(superscript 2+) localization mainly concentrated within the vacuoles and intercellular spaces and there was also some Ca(superscript 2+) deposits in cell walls. But when Garyota urens L. was treated by the temperature of 2℃ for 48 h, the level of Ca(superscript 2+) increased in cytoplasm and plasma membrane, but decreased in vacuoles and intercellular spaces considerably. At the same time, the ultrastructure of chloroplasts suffered from chilling: the membrane of chloroplasts had been damaged, the layer of thylakoids was exiguous and unclear, the photosynthetic rate decreased evidently. And when Garyota urens L. was treated by the temperature of 2℃ for 120 h, the deposits of Ca(superscript 2+) mainly concentrated within the cytoplasm, nucleus and plasma membrane and there was also some Ca(superscript 2+) deposits in vacuoles, and the ultrastructure of some cells was simultaneously damaged severely: Chloroplasts structure, vacuole membrane and nuclear membrane had been damaged fully, the structure within the cell had become unclear, and the cell only have respiration.

研究结果表明，未经低温处理的董棕幼苗叶肉细胞，焦锑酸钙沉淀颗粒大量出现在液泡和细胞间隙中，细胞壁中也可见少量沉淀，而细胞基质中则看不到焦锑酸钙沉淀；经2℃ 48 h低温处理后，细胞基质和细胞膜上焦锑酸钙沉淀增加，而液泡和细胞间隙中的焦锑酸钙沉淀则显著减少，并且超微结构已初步显示出寒害的特徵，叶绿体外膜部分破损，类囊体片层稀疏且排列不规则，光合速率明显下降等；经2℃ 120 h低温处理后，细胞间隙内的焦锑酸钙沉淀极少，有的也紧贴在细胞外壁上，而细胞基质和细胞膜上则分布有非常多的焦锑酸钙沉淀，在核基质和液泡中也可见到少量的焦锑酸钙沉淀，并且超微结构遭到了显著破坏，叶绿体结构完全被破坏，核膜与液泡膜严重破损，内部结构模糊，细胞只表现为呼吸作用，不进行光合作用。

Water,c12-20 acid peg-8 ester,octyldodecanol,cetearyl isononanoate,butylene glycol,biosaccaride gum-1,peg-40 hydrogenated caster oil,ethylhexyl menthoxycinnamate,phenoxyethanol,potassium cetyl phosphate,macadamia ternifolia seed oil,dimethicone,carbomer,propylene glycol,glyceryl stearate,cocoglycerides,butyrospermum parkii,c12-13 alkyl lactate,methylparaben,benzophenone-3,pentadecalactone,sorbic acid,citrus aurantium dulcis oil,sodium hydroxyde,tocopheryl acetate,disodium edta,iris germanica root extract,retinyl palmitate,equisetum arvense extract,butylparaben,peg-8,propylparaben,ethylparaben,sodium hyaluronate,chlorhexidine digluconate,citrus aurantium amaraoil,tocopherol,ascorbyl palmitate,citric acid,ascorbic acid,limonene,linalool

水，c12-20 acid peg-8 ester，辛基十二烷醇，鲸蜡硬脂醇异壬酸酯，丁烯二醇，多醣物质，PEG-40氢化蓖麻油，4-甲氧基肉桂酸-2-乙基己基酯，苯氧乙醇，十六烷基磷酸钾，澳洲胡桃子油，地美司康，卡波姆，丙烯乙二醇，甘油硬脂酸，椰油脂酸甘油酯类，牛油果，c12-13烷醇乳酸酯，对羟基苯甲酸甲酯，二苯甲酮-3 ，环十五内酯，山梨酸，甜橙油，氢氧化钠，维生素E醋酸酯，乙二胺四乙酸二钠，鸢尾花萃取，维他命A酯，问荆萃取，对羟基苯甲酸丁酯，聚乙二醇- 8，羟苯丙酯，羟苯乙酯，透明质酸钠，洗必泰葡萄糖酸盐，苦橙油，维生素E ，维生素C棕榈酸酯，柠檬酸，抗坏血酸，柠檬精油，沉香醇水：几乎所有护肤品成分第一位都是水。辛基十二烷醇：界面活性剂、乳化剂、稠化剂，有一定刺激性

Rabbit was immunized by the conjugated alginate-BSA (1.0mg/kg) for 40-days routine immunity method; ELISA method was used to examine the titration of anti-alginate serum; The first generation parotid acinar cells were chosen to divided five groups (group A :contrast, group B: BAS, group C: alginate, group D: anti-alginate serum, group E: alginate +anti-alginate serum), We examined the proliferation of each part by MTT method at four times (lh, 6h,12h and 24h); In the meanwhile, The growth and shape of parotid acinar cells were observed under phase contrast microscope and scanning electron microscope.16 of the immunized rabbits by alginate were divided equally into Al and Bl groups, 12 normal rabbits were divided equally into A2 and B2 groups as control groups, Each rabbit was affused by 0.3ml(40fil/ml)alginate though parotid duct once time two days.

将藻酸盐与BSA偶连形成具有较强免疫原性的Alginate-BSA交联物免疫兔，按抗原量1.0mg/kg接种于新西兰白兔皮内，间隔10d加强免疫1次，共加强4次后，利用间接ELISA法检测藻酸盐抗体效价：将原代培养的兔腮腺腺细胞按10~4个/ml接种到96孔板上，置入细胞培养箱继续培养3d，分为5组：A空白对照组、B牛血清白蛋白组、C藻酸盐组、D抗藻酸盐血清组和E抗藻酸盐血清+藻酸盐组，分别加入PBS、牛血清白蛋白、藻酸盐或新鲜抗藻酸盐血清继续培养，分别于1h、6h、12h和24h不同的时间点，取出96孔培养板，采用MTT法检测5组腮腺腺细胞增殖情况

The experiment mainly studied the choice of bauxite, the process of acid digestion and the sedimentation of acid digestion liquor and the way to Eliminated the iron from liquid aluminium Sulfate. The paper introduced the complexion of different bauxite in acid digestion. The influence of the concentration of acid, the proportion of acid to bauxite, the temperature. the pressure and the time of the rate of acid digestion were studied. The condition of the flocculation was also studied.

文中主要对铝土矿的选择、铝土矿的酸解过程、铝土矿酸解液的沉降、液体硫酸铝的除铁等主要生产工艺进行了详细的实验和讨论，论述了不同产地、品位的铝土矿对于酸溶法的适应情况；详细研究了酸的浓度、酸矿比、酸解温度、压力、时间对于铝土矿酸解率的影响，讨论了絮凝剂在铝土矿酸解体系中的使用效果；确定了经济有效的硫酸铝的除铁方法。

Objective To investigate the effects of interleukin-1 β converting enzyme gene on the biologic characteristics of ovarian cancer cells.

目的 探讨白细胞介素-1 β转换酶的表达，对卵巢癌细胞生物学特性的影响。

Campylobacter: This illness is the most commonly identified cause of diarrheal illness in the world.

弯曲：这种病是最常见的原因查明腹泻病，在世界上。