近似连续

Restricted by the assumption of low-order linear displacement approximation in each block, Discrete Element Methods often have to mesh many continuum parts of the problem domain into small discrete blocks when simulating crack propagation problems, and the result is very sensitive to the very way that divides the domain.

一般离散单元计算方法受离散块体低阶线性位移近似的限制，在模拟开裂过程时，需要将大部分实际上连续的区域离散化，离散方式对分析结果有显著影响。

Simple method based on contribution theory is proposed for congestion cost allocation.

与现有方法相比，该文方法的显著特点是：阻塞费用分摊可采用连续积分方法，而不是近似的离散数值积分方法。

Nearest M—C bond. Comparing the covalent electron density of MC with NiAl at different crystal planes, it is found that the electron density along the interface (110)_//(100)_ ...

通过对NiAl和MC的不同晶面的共价电子密度的分析发现：(110 ) NiAl和(10 0 ) MC在一级近似范围内基本上保持连续；采取适当的制备工艺，使复合材料中存在尽可能多的(110 ) NiAl//(10 0 ) MC，有可能使这种复合材料具有更优异的力学性能

Meshless method is a new numerical method on problem for determining solution of differential equation. It is an approximation method based on nodes, and doesn't need a mesh entirely or partly. Then the discontinuous problems and the extremely large deformations problems can be solved without the re-meshing techniques.

无网格方法是求解微分方程定解问题的一种新数值方法，它采用基于点的近似，可以彻底或部分地消除网格，因此在处理不连续和大变形问题时可以完全抛开网格重构。

Meshless method is a new numerical method on problem for determining solution of partial differential equation. It is an approximation method based on nodes, and doesn't need a mesh entirely or partly. Then the discontinuous problems, the extremely large deformations problems, and movable boundary problems, etc, can be solved by use to meshless without the re-meshing techniques. And not only the calculated precision can be guaranteed, but also the calculated difficulty can be decreased.

无网格方法是求解微分方程定解问题的一种新的数值方法，它采用基于点的近似，可以彻底或部分地消除网格，因此在处理不连续、大变形、移动边界等问题时可以完全抛开网格重构，不仅可以保证计算的精度，而且可以减少计算难度。

Following work has been done In the first part, we use the two dimensional or 2＇-state Markov modulated deterministic process to approximate the actual arrival process and then model the ATM multiplexer as an two dimensional MMDP/D/1/K or 2＇-state MMDP/D/1/K queueing system respectively.

概括如下：首先在连续时间模型下，利用二元MMDP和2＇-状态的MMDP近似实际到达过程，然后对具有有限存储器的ATM多路复用器建模。

For Ar clusters higher the background pressure is, stronger is soft x ray line emission and more intense is the continuum soft x ray emission.

并发现：团簇产生的超热电子呈现近似均匀的空间分布特性；在增加背压时，氩团簇产生的软X光的连续谱增强且谱线更为丰富。

For separable and continous exponential family models (such as normal, gamma, and inverse Gaussian models), this paper discusses the tests for departures from nominal dispersion in the framework of longitudinal nonlinear models with varying dispersion and/or random effects. The score test statistics are constructed and their asymptotic distributions and local powers are derived.

本文针对可分的连续型指数族回归模型（如正态模型，Γ模型，逆高斯模型），讨论广义非线性纵向数据模型中偏离名义离差的检验问题，得到了检验的score统计量，并推导了它们的渐近分布和局部近似功效。

The computing plots of the solutions from the two methods were inconsistent under the specified boundary-initial conditions, which stirred up the debate of the effectiveness of Maxwell's equations in lossy medium. It is found that the differences between the two numerical curves can be viewed as the Gibbs phenomenon caused by cutting off the high frequency components in computing the infinite integral of the numerical curve of Harmuth's solution.

通过比较两种解析解的数值曲线得出：两者的差异在于求解Harmuth解的数值曲线时，采取无穷积分的高频截断近似产生了吉布斯现象；在计算Harmuth解的数值曲线时不断增大积分上限，其数值曲线的振荡不断向不连续点处收缩，而且衰减加快，因此在求解Harmuth解的数值曲线时，若积分区间取为理想无限大，则可以预见相同计算精度下两种方法的电场解的数值曲线是一致的。

Chapter two presents the three-dimensional equations of the nonlinear theory of electroelasticty for large deformations and strong fields and the linear theory of piezoelectricity for infinitesimal deformation and fields.

第二章从连续介质力学理论出发，给出了适于压电研究的普遍的电弹性非线性理论，以及近似的三维线性压电理论和线性压电本构关系。

Objective To investigate the effects of interleukin-1 β converting enzyme gene on the biologic characteristics of ovarian cancer cells.

目的 探讨白细胞介素-1 β转换酶的表达，对卵巢癌细胞生物学特性的影响。

Campylobacter: This illness is the most commonly identified cause of diarrheal illness in the world.

弯曲：这种病是最常见的原因查明腹泻病，在世界上。