诉讼中

The author makes a thorough discussion on some issues, such as social essence of criminal procedure, character and function of main powers and rights in criminal procedure, and possibility for promoting rights, then briefly presents the society-based theory in crim

对刑事诉讼的本质、刑事诉讼中的主要诉讼权力和权利的社会属性和功能以及权利发展空间等问题进行了深入的分析，并对刑事司法体制改革的社会观及其实现途径进行了简要的阐述。

The emergence and development of judge interpretation reflects the trend of strengthening the power of Judges in the civil proceedings of countries and regions under the Continental Law. However, it doesn't mean the proceedings have undergone fundamentally structural changes. The judge has to execute his right of judge interpretation within the extent of dialecticism and disposition doctrine, which is in contrast with the disposition system under the judge-dominant proceedings mode.

释明制度的产生与发展，反映了当前大陆法系国家和地区民事诉讼中强化法官职权的趋势，但这并不意味着其诉讼体制发生结构性根本变化，法官需要在辩论主义和处分权主义的约束范围内适当行使释明权，这与法官职权主导诉讼体制下的职权告知制度有着根本的区别。

This paper discusses about some issues about environment infringement cases. Such as definition of litigant party and ground and limits on claim rules of evidence and time limit of the case.

文章对环境侵害诉讼中诉讼主体的确定、诉讼请求的根据与范围、证明规则以及诉讼时效等问题进行了探讨。

As to the properness of the party,the sole decisive element is impartiality and representation.The properness of the defendant shall be taken into account with the corporation's litigation status and the corporation is deemed as a joint—action party.

在当事人适格方面，决定原告资格的惟一条件是股东的公正性和代表性；被告的适格问题必须与公司的诉讼地位一并考虑，公司在股东代表诉讼中处于共同诉讼的参加人。

Terminologically, it seems that there is no "hermeneutic right" in Anglo-American genealogy of law; yet we have found that judges have more and more administrative power and the power of command in Britain and the United States in civil actions from the 20 Century.

但我们可以看到进入20世纪以后，英美国家民事诉讼中法官对诉讼的管理权、指挥权明显增多，而这些职权行使的目的是为了促进诉讼、维护当事人之间的平衡等，其与大陆法系国家行使释明权的目的并无二致，因此，本人认为，虽然英美国家没有"释明权"的称谓，但存在实质意义上的释明权制度。

General Contractor shall ensure that should the Owner be joined as a party in any action or proceeding arising out of the violation or an alleged violation of the Labor Law of China in the performance of the Contract, the General Contractor, Subcontractor or Materialman violating or alleged to have violated such law, or using or introducing goods manufactured or alleged to have been manufactured in violation of the law, shall defend and hold harmless the Owner in any such action or proceeding and pay and defray any damage, expense and cost of any description by reason thereof, including reasonable attorneys fees.

5.5 在合同履行过程中时，如果因违反了或有嫌疑违反了中国劳动法而引起的法律诉讼，使发包人成为诉讼参与人，则违反或有嫌疑违反了上述法律的、或者使用或采用违法制造的或有嫌疑违法制造的物品的总承包人、分包人或材料商应在任何这类诉讼中为发包人辩护，使发包人免受损失，并支付因此而产生的各类损失、费用和开支，包括合理的律师费。

Pretrial conference is an important and unique litigation regulation ofAmerica. It has two main purposes: firstly, to identify and narrow issues, toestablish schedule of the case, to facilitate trial and improve efficency of thelitigation;secondly, to helo parties to understand the strongness and weaknessof their claims and defences, to help parties to reach settlement to resolve thecase.

审前会议是美国民事诉讼中重要而又独特的一项诉讼制度，其主要功能包括两个方面：第一，明确和限制案件争点，为整个案件审理确立日程安排，从而便利庭审进行和提高诉讼效率；第二，通过法官主持的审前会议，让当事人充分了解自身主张的强弱和案件的是非曲直，从而促进案件得以和解。

Finally, the article brings forward the suggestions concerning legislation in the infringement of the right of reputation. It concludes that importing the "actual malice" in public official lawsuits aims to the protection for the news organization. The needless lawsuits will be decreased through constituting the system of damage compensating with punishment and the system of compensation if viciously impleading. There are many indefinite ingredients in press lawsuits such as deciding the damages of the spirit.

第五部分则是对我国新闻侵害名誉权提出的一些立法建议，即对国家工作人员引入&实际上的恶意&以对新闻机构予以倾斜保护、建立惩罚性损害赔偿制度、建立恶意不实诉讼赔偿机制以减少不必要的新闻侵权诉讼，及赋予法官自由裁量权对新闻侵害名誉权诉讼中涉及的精神损害赔偿金等众多不确定因素予以自由裁量，以实现公平和正义。

We shoed study from foreign country,relaxing restrictions of party,establishing environmental group,enhancing the administration in group action,etc.It can improve representative action system in the action of environment in China.

在借鉴国外先进经验基础上，我国应当在放宽对代表人权限过多限制、确立民间环保团体组织诉讼地位、加强集团诉讼政策制定功能等方面完善我国环境诉讼中的代表人诉讼制度。

It analyzes the difference between action in personam and action in rem, the manner of service in action in rem, and the main contents of two maritime conventions to which the United Kingdom is a party. It also discusses the effects of Council Regulation No 44/2001, the Brussels convention and the Lugano convention as well as Civil Jurisdiction and Judgment Act 1982 to admiralty action in rem.

本章分析了对人诉讼和对物诉讼的区别，阐述了对物诉讼中的送达规则和英国参加的主要国际海事公约的内容，探讨了第44号规则、《布鲁塞尔公约》和《洛迦诺公约》以及《1982年民事管辖权和判决法》对海事对物诉讼的影响。

Since historical times,England ,where the early inhabitants were Celts, has been conquered three times .

从有历史以来，英国，在此地早期居住的是凯尔特人，已经被征服了三次。

Bluetooth OBEX File Transfer Enables the sending and receiving of files on your phone via Bluetooth.

蓝牙OBEX文件移动允许经过蓝牙传送和接受文件。。。。