花粉

The analysis shows that under heat stress, meiocytes degenerate while tetrad cell dispersion fails at microspore formation phase. During pollen maturation phase, loss of orientation of reproductive cells, abnormal vacuolization of tapetal cells, paramorphia or abortion of anther walls and pollens are observed under heat stress.

结果表明，受高温胁迫后，在小孢子形成阶段，水稻花粉母细胞发育异常、四分体无法适时分散；在花粉粒成熟阶段，水稻生殖细胞失去正确的排列方向、绒毡层细胞发生非正常分解、花药壁和花粉粒发生形态异常并出现败育。

The different stresses were obtained by mixing saline sodic soil with normal soil at different ratios. The results showed that the pollen electron microscopic surface characteristics changed under the salinity and sodicity stresses.

以非盐碱土壤为对照，将不同比例的盐碱土和非盐碱土壤充分混合，设置5个土壤盐碱胁迫梯度，根据苏打盐碱土的特殊性，以土壤碱化度为胁迫指标因子，用盆栽实验研究了盐碱胁迫下水稻花粉表面形态特征、花粉生活力和柱头对花粉的接受能力等。

Specific recognition and degradation of stylar S-RNase for self-pollen tube RNA, resulted in the stop of self-tube growth in Prunus mume. The recognition specificity of stylar S-RNase for the RNA weakened with the rise of temperature, consequently regulating the self-incompatibility reaction in Prunus mume.

果梅花柱S-RNase特异性识别并降解自花花粉管RNA，导致自花花粉管停止生长；随着温度的升高花柱S-RNase对花粉管RNA的识别特异性减弱，从而调节果梅的自交不亲和性反应。

The result is consistent with previous studies. Whereas, tapetal cells of sterile anthers were disintegrated since tetrad cells were disjoined, indicating that disintegration of tapetal cells is earlier occurred in sterile anther than that in fertile anther. DNA ladder revealed that the cleavage of nuclear DNA into oligonucleosome-sized fragments to

结果表明，在花粉母细胞减数分裂后的四分体解离时期，不育花药的绒粘层细胞较可育花药提前开始裂解；在不育系S-Mo17rf3rf3花药和花粉S-(rf3)中均明显出现PCD过程的DNA片段化以及线粒体细胞色素C外渗的现象，证明了玉米CMS-S的花粉败育与花药绒粘层细胞的提前凋亡和小孢子细胞的细胞程序性死亡有关。

According to anther abortion characteristics and hormone functions, it was suggested that IAA, GA3 and ZR deficiency might be associated respectively with the inhibition of starch grain accumulation, pollen mother cell and tapetal cell expansion and tetrad formtion, and that abortion and even death of pollen mother cells and tapetal cells in sterile anther might be accelerated by high ABA accumulation.

根据内源激素的功能推测，不育花药IAA含量过低使花药淀粉积累受阻，GA_3含量不足影响花粉母细胞和绒毡层细胞的膨大，过低的ZR含量使花粉母细胞不能分裂形成四分体，过高的ABA含量促进花粉母细胞退化和死亡。

No tapetal cells were formed or tapetam collapsed at very early stage in some anther chamber during the microsporogenesis; Pollen mother cells in another chamber were not developed and microspore vacuolized; Tapetum cells developed abnormally, giantized and crammed the anther chamber; Some tapetum cells developed normally, but PMCs developed abnomally, which deformed at sporogeneous stage, and then were abhensive each other and finally degenerated. Nearly no PMCs could complete the process of meiosis, and form the tetrad, leading to the failure of normal microspore development.

药室的绒毡层细胞不形成或提前解体；药室内的花粉母细胞不发育或小孢子液泡化；绒毡层细胞发育异常，出现巨型化而挤满整个药室；绒毡层细胞虽发育正常，但花粉母细胞发育异常，在造孢细胞时期即开始出现变形现象，随后发生粘连退化；绝大部分花粉母细胞不能完成正常的减数分裂过程形成四分体，导致小孢子退化。

Effects of arabinogalactan proteins in pollen germination and pollen tube growth of Torenia fourieri and Nicotiana tabacum were studied with the in vitro pollen tube growth system.

采用花粉离体培养技术研究了阿拉伯半乳糖蛋白(arabinogalactan proteins， AGPs)在烟草和蓝猪耳花粉萌发及花粉管生长中的作用。

Using calcein as an indicator, the effects of electroporation on de exined pollen, ungerminated and germinated intact pollen in Nicotiana tabacum were compared.

利用膜不通透的荧光染料钙黄素作为指示剂，比较了烟草脱外壁花粉与完整的未萌发花粉和萌发花粉电激导入的效果。

The effects of temperatures and treatments with Na_2B_4O_7,MnSO_4,CoCl_3,sugar and GA_3 on germination and tube growth of pollen in Vaccinium ashei were studied.

以5个兔眼越橘品种的花粉为试材，研究了温度、硼砂、硫酸锰、氯化钴、蔗糖和GA3等化学和物理因素对花粉萌发及花粉管生长的影响。

Productive technique guideline of bee cell pollenProductive technique guideline of bee cell pollen was made referring to that of pollen and based on the results at apiaries of Northeast Forestry University, Lesser Khinghan Mountain and Sinkiang.

蜂房花粉生产技术规范参照蜂花粉生产技术规范，及本研究在东北林业大学、小兴安岭和新疆养蜂场生产实践的基础上，制订蜂房花粉生产技术规范。

Since historical times,England ,where the early inhabitants were Celts, has been conquered three times .

从有历史以来，英国，在此地早期居住的是凯尔特人，已经被征服了三次。

Bluetooth OBEX File Transfer Enables the sending and receiving of files on your phone via Bluetooth.

蓝牙OBEX文件移动允许经过蓝牙传送和接受文件。。。。