能量守恒

The neutrino was first postulated in 1930 by Wolfgang Pauli to preserve the conservation of energy, conservation of momentum, and conservation of angular momentum in beta decay—the decay of an atomic nucleus into a proton, an electron and an antineutrino.

中微子是1930年由沃尔夫冈泡利为了保持能量守恒，动量守恒和β衰变---一个原子核（那时还没有认识到是中子）衰变成一个质子、一个电子和一个反中微子的角动量守恒，。

Based on the quality of conservation, conservation of momentum and energy conservation principle, three-dimensional steady hydraulic mathematical model and its boundary conditions have been deduced out

基于质量守恒、动量守恒和能量守恒原理，建立天然气管道三维稳态水力计算的数学模型，并给出了模型的边界条件

The ones, including conservation of mass, conservation of energy, Newtonian equations of motion, conservation of electric charge, linear momentum principle, continuity equation and Maxwell equations for electromagnet etc., are suitable to all substances. They are universal laws in nature.

连续介质力学的基本方程可分为两类：一类适用于所有物体，构成了自然界的普适规律，如质量守恒、能量守恒、电荷守恒，牛顿运动方程，马克斯威尔电磁学方程、熵产率恒正原理等。

The thesis can be divided into five parts as follows: First, the structural characteristics of finned-pipe evaporator are analyzed. After selecting suitable microelement controller, the heat-transfer and mass-transfer processes are analyzed for every microelement under the conditions of dryness, wetness and frostiness. Based on previous equations, some parameters of frostiness are confirmed and the frost-growing model is set up under frost condition. Some hypotheses are postulated and with the help of the equation of mass-conservation, energy-conservation and momentum-conservation, the evaporation model which fits in the dynamic simulation is built, which set a solid foundation for system simulation. Second, the starting and stopping behaviors under disturbed condition are analyzed and calculated by using the dynamic concentrative parameter model, which gives some advice to better prescribe refrigeration system and set theoretic foundation for carrying out automatic control of refrigeration system. Third, the normal running process is analyzed and calculated by means of rational matching theory, which gives some advice on how to better understand the parameter change under steady state and the affection of inlet-parameter on evaporator. Fourth, the simulation software with dynamic characteristic is designed, which can be applied to calculate thernio-parameter of cryogen, air humidity and frost thickness under different initial and boundary conditions, and to carry out dynamic simulation under conditions of dryness, wetness and frostiness, at the same time, to achieve detection and simulation at any stage from starting to stopping.

本文的主要内容如下：1对翅片管蒸发器结构特点进行分析，选取适当的微元控制体，就干、湿和霜工况下对每个微元分别进行传热传质分析，基于经验关系式确定霜的有关参数，对于霜工况下的霜生长建立模型，经适当假设，运用质量守恒、能量守恒和动量守恒方程建立适合动态仿真的蒸发器数学模型，为系统仿真奠定基础； 2对蒸发在大扰动下的开、停机过程，运用动态集中参数模型进行分析和计算，为更好地描述制冷系统运行的全过程奠定基础，同时也为制冷系统实现自动控制提供一定的理论基础； 3对蒸发器正常运行过程，运用动态分布参数和参数间定量耦合的观点来分析和计算，为更好地了解稳态工况下各点参数的变化情况及各入口参数对蒸发器动态特性的影响即蒸发器性能对各参数变化的敏感性； 4编写翅片管蒸发器动态特性仿真计算程序，可以计算不同边界条件和初始条件下的制冷剂热力参数、空气温湿度和霜厚度分布场，实现对翅片管蒸发器在干、湿和霜工况下的动态仿真。

We argue that the wave-particle duality of microscopic particles perhaps results from the intrinsic energy conservation and conversion inside the particles. We point out that there\\\\\\\s a critical flaw both in electromagnetic field theory and Coulomb\\\\\\\s inverse square law.

在详细分析了宏观质点简谐运动的基础上，仍以能量守恒和转换定律为出发点，阐明微观粒子的波动过程必须时刻满足能量守恒定律，指出传统的电磁场理论和库仑定律都存在瑕疵。

Basing on the law of conservation and conversion of energy, we can obtain analytically Newton\\\\\\\s three laws of motion and the law of conservation of momentum.

文章深入讨论了能量与力之间的内在联系，根据能量守恒和转换定律，直接获得牛顿三大运动定律和动量守恒定律。

In the modified Newtonian mechanics, the law of conservation of momentum and the law of conservation of energy become invalid; instead, the inherent momentum and inherent kinetic energy can be defined to make the law of conservation of inherent momentum and the law of particle inherent kinetic energy valid.

在修改后的牛顿力学中，动量守恒定律和能量守恒定律不再成立，但可以定义固有动量和固有动能，使得质点系固有动量守恒定律和质点固有动能守恒定律成立。

Conservation of mass.conservation of moment muni and conservation of energy are basic regularity obeyed by all movement in nature.For a certain problem in natrue .if we quantify the corresponding conversation law . we can deduce partial differential equation reflecting this problem .and every differential equation reflecting a special physical phenomenon on certain codition.

质量守恒、动量守恒和能量守恒是自然界一切运动所遵循的基本规律，对于自然界的某一特定问题，如果把相应的守恒律数量化，就导出刻划这个问题的微分方程，每一个微分方程都在一定条件下刻划了某一特定的物理现象。

Facing these problems, the half-coupled conservation laws of energy for polar continua, conservation law of energy and Hamilton principle for micropolar multifield theories, principle of virtual velocity and dipolar velocity as well as of virtual stress and dipolar stress for solids with microstructure are proposed.

针对这些问题，提出了半耦合型的极性连续统能量守恒定律、微极多场耦合理论能量守恒定律和Hamilton原理与带有微结构的固体理论的虚速度和虚双极速度以及虚应力和虚双极应力原理等。

A quasi one-dimensional, time dependent system model based on the parallel compressor theory was used to compute the effect of inlet distortion on turbine engine stability; Through Modifying steady state continuum equation, momentum equation and energy equation, the effect of power extraction and additional bleed on turbine engine running line was computed. Unsteady state continuum equation, momentum equation and energy equation were solved for computing the effect of acceleration on turbine engine running line.

其中，进气畸变对发动机气动稳定性影响的计算采用平行压气机模型，基于李亚普诺夫理论的方法完成；附加引气、功率提取对发动机气动稳定性的影响采用通过对发动机转子间质量、动量、能量守恒方程进行修正的方法进行；加速过程对发动机气动稳定性的影响采用欧拉方法求解动态的质量、动量、能量守恒方程的方法完成；最后采用&层迭&的方法进行各种降稳因素的综合评估。

Objective To investigate the effects of interleukin-1 β converting enzyme gene on the biologic characteristics of ovarian cancer cells.

目的 探讨白细胞介素-1 β转换酶的表达，对卵巢癌细胞生物学特性的影响。

Campylobacter: This illness is the most commonly identified cause of diarrheal illness in the world.

弯曲：这种病是最常见的原因查明腹泻病，在世界上。