肾石

Multiple-channel percutaneous nephrolithotomy was carried out for 38 cases of staghorn or multiple renal calculi,of which 32 were treated via bi-channel approach while the remaining 6 via tri-channel approach.68 times of lithotomy were performed with the stone clearance rate above 84%.

总结1990～1996年38例鹿角形或多发性肾结石病例，采用经皮肾多通道穿刺取石方法，共作双通道穿刺取石32例，三通道穿刺取石6例，取石68次，疗效满意，结石清除率达84％以上。

22 cases of complicated renal calculi with intrarenal pelvis underwent renal parenchyma lithotomy by hypothermic renal vascular block, as well as fast intravenous injection of 2.0 g inosine and 250 ml of 20% mannitol.

2000年3月～2005年1月采用原位低温阻断肾血管肾实质切开取石术治疗肾内型肾盂复杂性肾结石患者22例，术中快速静脉滴注肌苷2.0g，静滴20％甘露醇250ml。

It is necessary to block renal circulation temporarily in some complicated renal operations such as nephropyelolithotomy and nephron sparing nephrectomy of renal tumors.

在泌尿外科领域一些复杂的，肾脏手术，如肾实质切开取石术，肾肿瘤的肾部分切除术，暂时阻断血流是必要的。

The score of renal calcium oxalate crystallization of 12%,25% medlar soak and apozem was reduced 38.7%, 54.8% and 48.4%, 58.1%(P.01) compared with the ethylene glycol drinking group. Conclusions: LBP can reduce the formation of renal calcium oxalate crystallization. The mechanism is to protect from damage by free radical and reduce the apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cell by hyperoxaluria.

适量的枸杞多糖可减少饮用诱石剂大鼠的肾草酸钙结石形成，其作用机制是通过抗氧化反应，减少自由基对肾组织的损伤，从而减少高草酸尿对肾小管上皮细胞的凋亡。

Methods: 37 patients with complex upper urinary lithangiuria with pyonephrosis were selected during November 2002 to July 2007. 8 cases were treated with transurethral ureteroscope lithotripsy followed by tube internal drainage, while 29 cases were treated with minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy. After 714 days, minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy was employed for the second therapy.

选择2002年11月～2007年7月复杂上尿路结石合并脓肾患者37例，采用经尿道输尿管镜取石后置管内引流8例，微创经皮肾造瘘外引流29例，术后7～14 d后，2期行微创经皮肾镜治疗复杂肾结石。

The combinative treatments of transcutaneous nephrocentesis,nephrosˉtomy and ureterolithotomy through ureterocystoscope is effective,once ureter stone-street happensafter ESWL-treatˉment.

肾内铸型结石不适合用ESWL治疗；采用经皮肾穿刺造瘘术和输尿管镜取石等综合治疗输尿管石街的方法是有效的。

ESWL isn't applicable for the patient with kidney casting mold-stone.The combinative treatments of transcutaneous nephrocentesis,nephrosˉtomy and ureterolithotomy through ureterocystoscope is effective,once ureter stone-street happensafter ESWL-treatˉment.

肾内铸型结石不适合用ESWL治疗；采用经皮肾穿刺造瘘术和输尿管镜取石等综合治疗输尿管石街的方法是有效的。

CT Findings were as follows : pancreas enlargement in 24 cases , focal and diffused hypodense in 39 cases , hemorrhage and necrosis of pancreas in 3 cases, peripancreatic effusion in 39 cases , prerenal fascia thickening in 39 cases , pleural effusion in 24 cases , with thrombosis in portal and SMV in 1 case . A case of pancreas head enlargement misdiagnosed for tumor,a case pancreatitis effusion was through superficial inguinal canal into scrotum.

CT影像学征象如下：胰腺体积增大24例；局限性及弥漫性密度减低39例；胰体及尾部出血坏死3例；胰周间隙渗出39例；肾旁筋膜增厚及脾肾间隙模糊39例，特别是左侧肾前筋膜均累及；少量胸腔积液24例；出血性胰腺炎伴门脉及肠系膜上静脉血栓1例；炎性渗出物通过腹股沟管蔓延到阴囊1例；单纯胰头增大，误诊为胰头肿瘤1例；本组40例中合并胆石12例。

CT Findings were as follows : pancreas enlargement in 24 cases , focal and diffused hypodense in 39 cases , hemorrhage and necrosis of pancreas in 3 cases, peripancreatic effusion in 39 cases , prerenal fascia thickening in 39 cases , pleural effusion in 24 cases , with thrombosis in portal and SMV in 1 case . A case of pancreas head enlargement misdiagnosed for tumor,a case pancreatitis effusion was through superficial inguinal canal into scrotum.

CT影像学征象如下：胰腺体积增 24例；局限性及弥漫性密度减低39例；胰体及尾部出血坏死3例；胰周间隙渗出39例；肾旁筋膜增厚及脾肾间隙模糊39例，特别是左侧肾筋膜均累及；少量胸腔积液24例；出血性胰腺炎伴门脉及肠系膜上静脉血栓1例；炎性渗出物通过腹股沟管蔓延到阴囊1例；单纯胰头增大，误诊胰头肿瘤1例；本组40例中合并胆石12例。

Objective In order to reserve the nomally funictioning kidney with complex staghorn renal stone, remove the stone clearly and decrease the trauma, to evaluate the operation technique and clinical efficacy of hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy,isolated pyelolithotomy autotransplantation of kidncy cure staghorn renal stone.

目的 为了既能保留功能良好的患有鹿角型结石的患肾，又能取净肾盂内结石和减轻创伤，探讨用手助腹腔镜取肾、离体肾切开取石、自体肾移植治疗肾盂鹿角型结石的手术方法和临床效果。

Chrysanthemum of 10 thousand birthday is lax to edaphic requirement, with the arenaceous qualitative loam with fecund, good drainage had better.

万寿菊对土壤要求不严，以肥沃。排水良好的砂质壤土为好。

He unstepped the mast and furled the sail and tied it.

他拔下桅杆，把帆卷起，系住。