股骨

To investigate the effect of proximal femoral intramedullary nail with spiral blade for the treatment of femoral peritrochanteric fractures with femoral shaft fractures.

探讨应用股骨近端髓内钉配合有限切开复位钛捆绑带内固定治疗股骨转子周围骨折并股骨中上段骨折的手术方法和疗效。

RESULTS:①MRI scanning from coronal section: after 10 mL contrast-medium injection, in the center of medial knee joint, high visual signal was seen in the cavity of joint; after 15 mL contrast-medium injection, scanning between femora and patella, high visual signals were observed; after 20 mL contrast-medium injection, scanning by posterior internal and external condyle of knee, high visual signals were found in 80% of internal and external recess of posterosuperior of thighbone.

结果：①在膝关节冠状面MRI扫描：注入10 mL对比剂时，经膝关节内侧中点处，关节腔内均可见高信号；注入15 mL对比剂时，经股骨和髌骨间，关节腔内均可见高信号；20 mL对比剂时，经股骨内、外侧髁后缘处，80%股骨后上内、外侧隐窝内出现高信号。

Of the femoral fracture,there were 14 cases of fractures of shafts of femurs and 1 case of supracondylar fracture of femur;11 male, 4 female;7 left cases,8 right cases;1 case complicated with bending of bone plate and screw,6 cases with breakages of plate;1 case with bending of common intramedullary nail,2 cases with breakages of common intramedullary nails,1 case of screw and wire lock fixation complicated with pseudoarticulation formation,4 cases with nonunion of fracture.

方法］24例长骨骨折内固定手术失败应用有限切开交锁髓内钉治疗的长骨骨折翻修术病例中，股骨15例，其中股骨干骨折14例，股骨髁上骨折1例；男11例，女4例；左侧7例，右侧8例；接骨板螺丝钉折弯1例，断裂6例，普通髓内钉折弯1例，折断2例，螺钉并钢丝固定假关节形成1例，骨折不愈合4例。

BACKGROUND: Establishment of individual femoral model can describe the stereochemical structure of femoral accurately, which is conductive to measuring femoral anatomic forms. This model possesses unified standard, and removing the potential confounding factors, thus, it is more suitable for biomechanical test.

摘要背景：个体化股骨模型的建立，能够准确、完整地描述出股骨的立体结构，有助于测量股骨的解剖形态，这样的模型有统一的密度和机械性能，去除了个体之间性别、年龄、种族、骨质疏松程度、是否有骨病等混杂因素，用于生物力学测试更有意义。

Methods:5.8 mm bullets were shot to make various injuries. 18 pigs were randomly divided into 3 groups（6 for each）. Group C had catheterization only. Group M was subjected to tangental fracture of parietal bone and comminuted fractures of bilateral femora.

用5.8mm子弹射击颅顶骨和双侧股骨，制作火器多发伤模型。18只小型猪随机分为：对照组、多发伤组（M，颅骨切线伤加双侧股骨骨折，ISS≥16）和骨折固定组（F，股骨骨折髓内钉固定），每组6只。

Because long-term failure as a result of tibiofemoral degeneration may occur in approximately 25% of patients patellofemoral arthroplasty may be considered an intermediate procedure for select patients with patellofemoral arthritis.

由于长期故障导致胫骨股骨退化可能发生在大概25%的病人，对于那些挑选的有髌骨股骨关节炎的病人，髌骨股骨关节成形术可能被看成一种中间步骤。

Cases bending after Operation, 2cases breaking and bone-nonunion , 3 cases of femoral revolving deformity, 1 cases enter into the femoral pulp cavity complete,3 cases of knee joint stiffness,2 cases dropout,2 cases of femoral osteomyelitis,5 cases of trochanteric bursitis.

结果：27例出现并发症，其中术中滞针2例（包括股骨劈裂1例），梅花针进入膝关节1例，梅花针术后弯曲6例，梅花针断裂及骨不愈合2例，股骨旋转畸形3例，梅花针完全游入股骨髓腔1例，膝关节强直3例，梅花针部分退出2例，股骨慢性骨髓炎2例，转子上滑囊炎5例。

power hip bolt Canada bundles Ties upbelt treats the II~IV thighbone ExtensionSub bone fracture, through bundles Ties upbelt fixed which is apart from to the small rotor and the thighbone, coordinates DHC to thighbone ExtensionSub bone fracture fixed, can form a stable portal frame construction, after restores in the thick prosperous area the side BoneNature the strut and the bone structure integrity, is advantageous after the coxa technique the function restoration

动力型髋螺钉加捆绑带治疗II～IV型股骨转子间骨折，通过捆绑带对小转子及股骨距的固定，配合DHC对股骨转子间骨折的固定，能形成一稳定的框架结构，恢复粗隆区内后侧的骨性支撑及骨结构的完整性，有利于髋关节的术后功能恢复

Methods 32 rats were euthanized and femurs were removed by disarticulated. The left femurs were heated for 3 minutes, 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes with the microwave and the histochemical assay for special lactate dehydrogenase activity was evaluated. The rat bone's biomechanics and the content of calcium tests were carried out.

应用 微波对实验组股骨分别加热3、5、10、15min后，用特殊的乳酸脱氢酶活性染色，判断骨、软骨细胞的活力；用Instron万能材料试验机测定股骨的生物力学并同步记录；用原子吸收分光光度仪测定股骨钙的含量。

Results After 3 months of kidney radiation by 15 Gy of Cs137 γ-rays, the changes with kidney shrank, Bowman's capsules straitened or disappeared, glomerular swelled, some epithelia denaturalized or died were observed. Mitochondria tumefied and the cristae shortened, lessened and disordered. Urine β2-MP rose evidently. It was lowered significantly the renal 25-OH-D-1α-hydroxylase activity and its mRNA expression. The dry and ash weight, BMD of femur and lumbar were significantly reduced, volume and width of bone trabecula were distinctly decreased and the space increased in model group. The Pyd / Cr increased and ALP decreased as well.

结果 15Gy 137Cs-γ射线肾局部照射3个月后肾脏体积缩小，肾小球肿大，Bowman氏囊囊腔狭窄甚至消失，部分肾小管上皮细胞变性、坏死，线粒体肿胀，体积增大，线粒体嵴变短、减少、排列紊乱；尿β2-MP显著增加；肾1α羟化酶活性及1α羟化酶mRNA基因表达量明显下降；肾辐射组股骨干重、灰重、腰椎和股骨BMD明显降低；骨小梁体积和骨小梁宽度减少，骨小梁间距增加，MAR减小；腰椎压缩和股骨三点弯最大载荷明显降低，Pyd / Cr值明显增加，ALP显著降低。

The big eared hedgehog, the little owl, the sand gecko, the three-toed jerboa, and every show needs a villain - saw-scale - the viper!

大耳刺猬，小猫头鹰，沙壁虎，三趾跳鼠，每场戏都需要反派角色：蝰蛇。

Plasmodiophora brassicae ; resting spores ; density gradient centrifugation of sucrose ; ultrasonic disruption

根肿；休眠孢子；蔗糖密度梯度离心；超声波破碎