经验分布函数

The exponential distribution family and minimum error theory are brought to bear combined with fact.

针对小样本和小失效数给系统可靠性分析带来的难度，以及可靠性分布函数和参数估计的不确定性和模糊性，运用指数分布族、最小误差原理等相关理论，结合实际工程经验，对这类系统的可靠性分析提出了一种新的方法。

Bayesian and empirical Bayesian theory are used to estimate the scale parameter of the double exponential distribution and the loss function and risk function of the Weibull distribution.

中文摘要：本文将贝叶斯，经验贝叶斯理论应用于双指数分布族的刻度参数估计和Weibull分布的损失函数和风险函数的估计。

Precipitation distribution;Taiwan;Empirical orthogonal function;Eigenfunction;Temporal distribution;Spatial distribution;Principal component analysis

中文关键字降水分布；台湾；经验正交函数；固有函数；时间分布；空间分布；主分量分析

In order to reduce error of Nu number at large Ra number and thermal diffusivity, we analyze truncation error of corresponding heat-transfer equation and introduce an adjusting parameter in the equilibrium distribution function.

针对一二阶精度模型在Ra数极高或热传导系数极大时，Nu数的计算与经验值相比出现较大偏差，分析LBM对应宏观热传导方程的截断误差后，在平衡分布函数中引进一个调节因子。

By using the kernel-type density estimation in the case of identically distributed and negatively associated samples, the empirical Bayes test rules for the scale exponential family are constructed, and the asymptotically optimal property is obtained.

本文利用同分布负相协样本情形概率密度函数的核估计构造了刻度指数族参数的经验Bayes检验函数，并获得了它的渐近最优

Combining NA samples the EB estimation with convergence rates is also obtained; Thirdly, for one-parameter exponential distribution family, we give the parameters' EB estimator that is admissible and asymptotically optimal with convergence rates. Finally, Bayesian and hierarchical Bayesian approaches are applied to analyze the reliability performances for series system with cold standby units and the numerical simulation results show that multiple Bayes estimator is superior to Bayes estimator.

其次，针对一类双边截断分布族，在非对称linex损失下构造了经验Bayes决策函数，建立了它的收敛速度，给出了渐近最优的证明；并结合NA样本研究了参数的经验Bayes估计及其收敛速度；接着给出了指数族参数的经验Bayes估计，证明了它是渐近最优的，也是可容许的，同时也获得了该EB估计的收敛速度；最后，运用Bayes与多层Bayes方法研究了具有冷贮备部件串联系统的可靠性指标的估计，并给出了数值模拟结果，结果表明多层Bayes估计优于Bayes估计。

According the experiential formulas of headbox to design the stepped diffuser headbox's geometry parameters. Supposing Paper suspension flow as potential flow and basing on hydrokinetic and computational fluid dynamics theories, we can solve the elliptoid partial differential equations which are followed by the flow functions and the potential functions by finite element method and simulate the flow's speed distribution with pde toolbox of matlab software. The simulate results and the flow analysis have good precision.

按照流浆箱的经验设计公式，设计阶梯扩散式流浆箱的各组件几何参数，以流体动力学、计算流体力学等理论为基础，假定浆流的流动为势流，采用有限元法求解浆流流动时其流函数和速度势函数所符合的椭圆型偏微分方程，应用matlab软件的偏微分方程工具包pde toolbox，模拟出所设计的流浆箱各组件内的浆流的流场流速分布，模拟结果与数值计算流动分析结果吻合。

At the same time, according to the related theories, theoretical relation of soil water profile was established under the condition of ponded infiltration and limited soil redistribution, the results were verified with measured data and proved to be reasonable.

此外，研究表明，导热率与土壤含水率、土壤水吸力、含盐浓度之间均存在良好的幂函数关系；在取得一定温控条件下的土壤水分与温度分布实测资料的基础上，根据Philip经验方程，通过差分法计算得出温差作用下的水分扩散率，该参数可表示为温度的幂函数形式。

To tackle this issue, we construct a goodness-of-fit test for checking the validity of copulas with some specific form.

因此，基于copula函数的经验分布，我们提出了一种用于检验具有某种特定参数结构的copula函数拟合数据优良性的方法，并得到了此检验的渐近性质。

Third, mensurated the front axles load-time history when truck was running on general tar-paved roads, mountainous roads and the proving ground enhancement roads, second sampled and pretreated to the load-time history with RPCⅢ software of MTS corporation, acquired the relationship of the frequence of the mean and amplitude load, obtained the zero mean equivalent loads using Goodman experiential fatigue equation, acquired the Weibull distributing functions of equivalent loads of respective roads.

第三，测定了汽车前桥在一般沥青公路、山区公路和试验场强化试验路面的载荷时间历程。对载荷时间历程进行了二次采样和数据预处理。采用雨流计数法得到了各路面的载荷均、幅值的频次关系，并根据Goodman经验疲劳公式，得到了零均值的等效载荷及相应的频次。利用数理统计的方法得到了各路面的等效载荷的Weibull分布函数。

At the rear was an innovative combination transaxle with the gearbox, clutch, differential, and inboard-mounted drum brakes.

在后面是与变速箱，离合器，差的创新结合变速，和内侧安装鼓式制动器。

For more people can apprecaite and have the master work, there is reproduction painting appears in the market, the large various selection of paint,the high saturation of color plus the plentiful sfumato, to make the reproduction perfect copy and detail as original painting, so as to meet the requirment of amateurs who love art paintings,they do not need to pay high price to get classical paintings.

颜料色域广，色彩饱和度高，色彩层次丰富，图像色彩还原真实，能完美的复制原作，满足艺术爱好者欣赏，艺术爱好者们不用支付昂贵的价格就能拥有经典油画。