粗糙度

The mutual coherence and angular correlation function of scattered wave from two dimensional rough surfaces is derived with Integral Equation Model and then calculated for perfectly conducting rough surfaces, then the scattering of incident pulse wave with different shape is calculated and the shape of scattered pulse is presented.

采用积分方程法推导出了二维粗糙面的双频互相关和角相关函数，数值计算了具有不同粗糙度的良导体粗糙面的双频互相关函数，在此基础上分别计算了二维粗糙面对δ脉冲、Gaussian脉冲和矩形脉冲的散射，并给出了散射脉冲的波形。

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However, the emissivity is affected by many factors, such as roughness. Simulation results for surfaces with different roughnesses are compared. It is found that the effects of roughness on the bidirectional reflectance distribution function and normal emissivity are significant.

在实际应用中，物体的发射率受到很多因素的影响，粗糙度就是其中之一，通过比较不同粗糙表面的计算结果，发现粗糙度对二向反射分布函数和法向发射率的影响不可忽略。

The type of shock reflection over 50o wedge model is of regular reflection. The angle between the incident and reflection shock is also being increased as the model surface roughness increased. The flow visualization results indicate that the speed of reflection shock becomes slower.

在50度的模型实验条件下则会产生正规反射，当增加表面粗糙度后会使得射震波与反射震波之夹角增大，由上述两者结果可以发现，其结果可归因於反射震波之移动速度减缓所致，因此增加表面粗糙度必然会使震波反射有减弱的情况发生。

The roughen factor of roughened Ni electrode is calculated by compared the differential capacitances of smooth and roughened Ni electrode.

通过测量并比较电化学粗糙前后镍电极表面的微分电容曲线计算出粗糙镍电极的粗糙度，从而进一步计算出该粗糙镍电极的SERS增强因子约有四个数量级； 3。

The flow field structure over wedges of 30 o, 40 o and 50o by shadowgraph technique, and the sandpaper has been used to change the surface roughness of the model wedges. The shock reflection over wedges of 30o and 40o are of Mach reflection.

本实验使用影图法来撷取於斜角为30、40及50度之楔行体斜面上震波反射的流场结构，并利用砂纸来改变模型表面之粗糙度，从极度光滑至表面砂纸平均粗糙度为0.0174cm共做四组实验来进行分析与比较。

In this paper, the principle and hardware of test system are designed and the step motor's control software is designed at the same time. The assessing methods of linearity errors are analyzed and the test methods of linearity, diameter and roughness are provided and the corresponding softwares are programmed with VB. At last, the test method of roughness without touch-light scattering is proposed.

论文对检测系统的原理及硬件电路进行了设计，同时对步进电机的控制软件进行了详细的设计；对直线度误差的评定方法进行了分析，分别给出了炮膛内径的直线度、直径及阴阳膛表面粗糙度的测量方法，并用VB 编写了相应的控制软件，最后提出了一种炮膛粗糙度非接触测量法—光散射法。

In this article, based on an analysis of the geometrical property for waviness and roughness,it is suggested that it is unnecessry to find a parameter of the complete separated component of waviness and roughness.

本文在分析表面波纹度和粗糙度几何特征的基础上，提出没有必要寻求一个截然分离表面波纹度和粗糙度参数的看法。

The optical characteristic value Sn is used to evalute intensity distribution of light scattering according to statistical point of view. Using novel semiconductor laser, fiber collimation technique and etc, laser scattering surface roughometer has been developed.

从几何光学和物理光学的观点出发，分析了光散射法测量表面粗糙度的机理，所建立的镜面模型和衍射模型说明包括中心反射光斑和其两翼散射光光能分布和表面粗糙度之间存在着定量的关系；从概率统计出发，确立以光学散射特征值Sn来作为恒量粗糙表面散射光带光能分布的依据。

In this study, a commercial CAD/CAM Software is used to plan and generate the multi-axis tool path, and a table rotating/tilting type five-axis machining center is used to perform the experimental machining operation. The material of the die studied is NAK 80 die tool steel, and the geometries are modeled as concave and convex spherical surfaces. Milling parameters considered are spindle speed, feed rate, and different types of cutting tool path. The experimental results show that the surface roughness for concave spherical surface is about 0.247 μm and roundness is about 0.0283 mm and the surface roughness for convex spherical surface is about 0.250 μm and spherical roundness is about 0.0551 mm under the cutting conditions mentioned in this study.

本研究的实验方法与步骤包括利用商用CAD/CAM系统针对实验对象规划三轴/五轴同动加工路径，并经后处理程式转换，在本实验室之平台倾斜/旋转型之五轴加工机上进行实验，实验对象为NAK80模具钢材料之凹与凸球形曲面之加工，此外考虑的切削条件有主轴转速、进给速度、加工路径等，在本研究所设定之最佳切削条件下，凹球形曲面之真圆度约为0.0283 mm，粗糙度为0.247 μm，而在相同切削条件下，凸球形曲面之真圆度为0.0551 mm，粗糙度为0.250 μm。

Chrysanthemum of 10 thousand birthday is lax to edaphic requirement, with the arenaceous qualitative loam with fecund, good drainage had better.

万寿菊对土壤要求不严，以肥沃。排水良好的砂质壤土为好。

He unstepped the mast and furled the sail and tied it.

他拔下桅杆，把帆卷起，系住。