立法

The above-stated limitations of written law aredetermined by the limitation of legislative objects to legislatorsand the limitations of legislators and language as law carrier.

成文法的这些局限性是由立法客体对立法者的制约、立法者本身认识的局限性和作为法律载体的语言的局限性所决定的。

That is, in terms of lexicon, lots of archaism, words of French and Latin origins, various technical terms and official words are used in the English legislative language; while in terms of syntax, the legislative provisions have to follow fixed logic order and lots of complex prepositional phrases, nominalization, binomial and multinomial expressions cluster in the legislative sentence.

那就是，在词汇方面，大量的古体词，具有法语和拉丁语渊源的词，术语以及正式词语大量出现在英语立法语言中；在句法方面，为了强调并保证法律的严明以及公正，立法条文都必须遵从一定的逻辑顺序行文，并且，大量的复杂介词结构，名词化形式，双名词以及多名词表现形式大量聚集在立法条文中。

2 Aids to Interpretation In these Terms and Conditions and in the Contract Details, unless the contrary intention appears; words denoting the singular include the plural and vice versa; a reference to any one of an individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, authority, trust or government includes any other of them; the headings are for convenience only and do not affect interpretation; a reference to any instrument (such as a deed, agreement or document) is to that instrument (or, if required by the context, to a part of it) as amended, notated, substituted or supplemented at any time and from time to time; a reference to a Party is a reference to a party to the Agreement and includes that Party's executors, administrators, successors and permitted assigns; a reference to a clause or attachment is to a clause (including sub-clause, paragraph, sub-paragraph or further subdivision of a clause) or attachment of or to these Terms and Conditions; a reference to any legislation or legislative provision includes any statutory modification or re-enactment of, or substitution for, and any subordinate legislation under, that legislation or legislative provision; where an expression is defined, another part of speech or grammatical form of that expression has a corresponding meaning; a reference to "US$" or "US Dollars" is a reference to the currency of the United States of America.

1.2艾滋病的解释在这些条款和条件，并在合同中的细节，除非相反的意图似乎；的话指的奇异包括复数，反之亦然；提及的任何一个个人，公司，合伙，合营，协会，主管部门或政府的信任，包括任何其他人；标题只是为了方便起见，并且不影响解释；一个参考的任何文书，是该文书的（或者，如果所要求的背景下，一个它的一部分）修订， notated ，取代或补充，在任何时间，从不时；一个参考一党是一个参考，以协议的当事方和包括党的执行者，管理者，继承人和允许的受让人；一个参考的条款或附件，是一条第（包括子第，段，分段或进一步细分的一个条款），或扣押，或这些条款和条件；一提到任何立法或立法条文包括任何法定修改或重新制定的，或替代，以及任何附属法例下，即立法或立法条文；在1表达的定义是，另一部分言论或语法形式的表达有一个相应的意义；中提到&美元&或&美元&是一个参考的货币美利坚合众国。

The boundary being in progress first to the concept subleasing to fixes the main body of a book , compares with to renting right ceding to waiting for the close concept to carry out analysis again , lists and then the comparison carrying out concrete analysis in every country to the legislation pattern and legislation reason subleasing behavior, and to the advantages and disadvantages that lower be unlike legislation pattern be subleased to stipulates; After the secondary , the main body of a book emphasizing the character having analysed a leasehold, have set forth the effect and law consequence subleasing a contract under agreement subleases to and subleases to presumptuously situation respectively , have assumed and parallel comparatively detailed analysis , have discussed problem such as often arousing some problem of dispute in subleasing process , how to handling if the building is subleased to if time of middle lessee enjoy the right of preemption and the lessor , the dispute that the lessee and time of lessee produce because of the fitting up responds to and; Final, the main body of a book have pointed out nowadays"s defect and deficiency about the legal system aspect subleasing to , have set forth and the advantage adopting the liberalism legislation pattern, the conclusion, joins the tendentiousness reaching the liberalism pattern ultimately according with a contract of lease of property function effect more having submitted the suggestion and tentative plan stipulating a few"s to perfect current laws.

本文首先对转租的概念进行界定，再与租赁权让与等相近概念进行分析比较，然后列举各国对转租行为的立法模式及立法理由，并对不同立法模式下的转租规定的利弊进行具体分析比较；其次，本文在着重分析了租赁权的性质后，分别阐述了在同意转租和擅自转租情况下转租合同的效力及法律后果，并作了比较详细的比较分析，并探讨了在转租过程中经常引起争议的一些问题，如房屋转租中次承租人是否享有优先购买权及出租人、承租人与次承租人因装修产生的纠纷应如何处理等问题；最后，本文指出了现今关于转租的法律制度方面的缺陷和不足，并阐述了采取自由主义立法模式的优势，最终得出自由主义模式更符合租赁合同的功能作用的倾向性结论，并提出了对完善现行法律规定一些的建议和设想。

Persisting in FourFundamental Principle、the theory of establishing socialism withChinese characteristics are the guiding ideology of our legislative,socialism、democracy、seeking truth from facts、uniforming legalsystem、market economic principles are the basic principles whichshould be persisted in our legislative,and the basic require ofthese principles in legislative is stated,the erronous inclinationsof breach of the principles are criticized.

坚持四项基本原则、建设有中国特色社会主义理论是我国立法的指导思想，并在这样的思想指导下，确定我国立法应坚持社会主义原则、民主原则、从实际出发实事求是原则、法制统一原则、适应社会主义市场经济体制要求原则，阐述了这些原则在立法中的基本要求，批判了违反立法基本原则的错误倾向。

Chapter Eight is about legislators, which is the subjective guarantee of the quality of legislation.

第八章阐述了立法人员与立法质量的关系，以及保证立法人员素质，提高立法质量的途径。

Part fiveraises several suggestions for perfecting our trademark law. First, it should expand trademark"s function and expand trademark protection range. Second, it should strengthen the effect of Unti-unaffair Completion Law for trademark protection. Third, in legislation of our country, it should endow the people"s courts with the right to affirm the resound trademark right. Four, it should allow the trademark right owners to protect their trademark rights with recovery trademark and allying trademark. Five, it should increase the relative accusals to strike trademark torts. Finally, it should make a uniform intellectual code to change the dispersive legislation mode.

第五部分是本文的创新点和重点，针对我国立法的现状，提出完善我国商标立法的几点建议：其一，扩大商标法保护的对象，其中包括扩大商标的概念；在商标权的授予上，采用使用主义和注册主义相结合的混合原则，扩大商标法保护范围；其二，加强反不正当竞争法在我国商标保护中的作用；其三，立法应允许商标所有人运用防御商标、联合商标来预防和抵制他人的侵权；其四，增加、充实有关罪名，打击商标侵权犯罪行为；其六，制定我国统一的知识产权法典，改变分散的立法模式。

So, detailed legislative provisions of the "interpretation" on how to apply a law or how to apply a law to a particular kind of cases or issues are as same as the legislative "regulation" aiming at legislative blank are actually lawmaking, and the Supreme People's Court should not do them; reform judicial interpretation of "reply" and make it be apt to legal comprehension and application; absorb judge-made law reasonable factors and endow the typical cases of the Supreme People's Court with judicial interpretative effect.

因此，对某一法律或者对某一类案件、某一类问题如何适用法律的立法条文式的细化性&解释&和针对立法空白直接做出的立法性&规定&，其实质仍是一种立法活动，最高人民法院应当取消；改革&批复&形式的司法解释，使之更倾向于对法律的理解与适用，而不是案件结果的处理；吸收判例法的合理因素，赋予最高人民法院的典型案例以司法解释的效力。

At present the lo-cal law show no specialty or the specity is less clear, ff the local law embody the specialty, people should renew the law view and realize the democracy, science and procedure

当前，地方立法存在着无特色或特色不够鲜明等诸多问题，而要实现地方立法，反映地方特色，必须更新立法理念，将立法的民主性、科学性和程序性结合起来。

The Egyptian solar calendar, though not exact and also needing periodical adjustment, was the baisi for the Julian calendar of the Roman Empire established by Julius Caesar in 45 BC This calendar was modified and improved in the Gregorian calendar, instituted by Pope Gregory XIII in the late 16th century and adopted slowly throughout Europe.

埃及人的太阳历尽管不精确并且也需要时期上的调整，但这种立法却是罗马皇帝朱利安凯撒在公元前45年建立朱利安立法的基础。这种立法在格里高利立法中得到修缮和改良，由保罗格里高利13世设立于16世纪晚期，并且逐渐被整个欧洲采纳。

Since historical times,England ,where the early inhabitants were Celts, has been conquered three times .

从有历史以来，英国，在此地早期居住的是凯尔特人，已经被征服了三次。

Bluetooth OBEX File Transfer Enables the sending and receiving of files on your phone via Bluetooth.

蓝牙OBEX文件移动允许经过蓝牙传送和接受文件。。。。