病原

The species infected were mainly Apodemus agrarius and Microtus fortis. The main tick pathogen was Babesia microti and B. divergens, with the highest infection rate of 25.0%-27.3% and 33.0%-42.9% respectively, followed by Borrelia garinii and B. afzelii, with the infection rate of 21.2%-30.0% and 28.6%-33.0% respectively. The infection of tick borne encephalitis virus to rodent was the lowest, with the infection rate of 5.00%.

结果 对102只鼠类进行检测，发现有9种蜱媒病原，主要感染的鼠类为黑线姬鼠和东方田鼠；病原感染率高的是微小巴贝西原虫，分别为25.0%~27.3%和33.0%~42.9%；其次是莱姆病螺旋体，感染率分别达21.2%~30.0%和28.6%~33.0%；病原感染率较低的是病毒类森林脑炎，仅在东宁林区的2只黑线姬鼠中发现，感染率为5.00%。

Entomopathogenic fungi are the main biological factors of controlling pest population in nature, but its application was limited because of their poor performance in field.

昆虫病原真菌是自然界控制害虫种群的主要生物因子，其研究开发越来越受到重视。但由于存在致死速度慢、防效不稳定、对环境条件要求高等缺点，限制了昆虫病原真菌的应用。

Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris is the causal agent of black rot disease of crucifers worldwide. In both plant and mammalian Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, type III secretion systems, encoded by hrp cluster, play a crucial role in interactions with the host. The proteins assembled TTSS were highly conserved.

野油菜黄单胞菌野油菜致病变种是一种能在全球范围内引起所有十字花科植物黑腐病的重要病原细菌。hrp基因簇编码的Ⅲ型分泌系统在动植物病原细菌和寄主互作过程中起着极其重要的作用。

The book focus on the development of molecular diagnostic tools and genetic evolution and its relationship to pathogenicity, and includes other topics such as Brucella comparative genomics and proteomics, analysis of the structure, biosynthesis and biology of glucans and lipopolysaccharides, pathogenicity, approaches to vaccine development, bacterium-host interactions, immune response, and much more.

该书聚焦于分子诊断工具的发展和遗传进化及其与病原性的关系，并且包括其他的主题，例如布鲁氏菌的比较基因组学和蛋白质组学，结构分析，葡聚糖和脂多糖的生物合成和生物学，病原性，疫苗生产的方法，细菌与宿主的关系，免疫反应，以及更多的内容。

Japonicum was firstly PCR amplified from S. japonicum cercaria cDNA library. Its recombinant prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression plasmids were successfully constructed and its nucleotide sequence was determined. It was firstly expressed in E. coli with MW of about 17 ku.

中山大学基础医学院病原生物学教研室；中山大学基础医学院病原生物学教研室；中山大学基础医学院病原生物学教研室；中山大学基础医学院病原生物学教研室；中山大学基础医学院病原生物学教研室广东广州510189；广州医学院病原生物学教研室；广东广州510180；广东广州510189；广东广州510189；广东广州510189；广东广州510189

In 2006, more than 10 provinces of China have experienced an epizootic outbreak of pig diseases characterized by high fever, reddened skin and high morbidity and mortality.

猪生殖与呼吸综合征（Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome， PRRS）是一种以妊娠母猪的繁殖障碍和仔猪的呼吸道疾病为特征的病毒性传染病，该病的病原，PRRSV，已成为危害全球养猪业的主要病原。2006年，国内十几个省市内爆发了由以发热、皮肤发红、高致病率和高死亡率为主要特征的疑似猪生殖与呼吸综合征的传染病。

The antimicrobial test and researched was done on wide distillation of different solvents on Terpenoid, polarity separation of ethanol distillable substance, thin layer chromatography of different polarities and distillation of amylase. The results showed that the active substance distilled by 95% ethanol and V methanol: toluene=3:1 had stronger antimicrobial activity on Agaricus blazei Murrill. The antimicrobial activity of ethyl acetate was stronger than wide distilling substance with ethanol, but the water part has not antimicrobial effect. Two straps of ethyl acetate phase（Rf0.57、Rf0.63）(0.1g/ml)had stronger antimicrobial activity on Agaricus blazei Murrill, the antimicrobial zone on Pseudomonas was 19.3mm. The bacteriostatic activity of chromatography strap of water phase was rather weaker, the water solution (0.5g/g) of amylase had better effect on pathogenic fungus of Agaricus blazei Murrill, its antimicrobial zone on Aspergillus niger, Citrinin, Trichoderma viride were 10.8 mm, 7.9 mm, 5.3 mm.

通过对日本凹顶藻以不同溶剂的粗提、乙醇提取物的极性分离、不同极性的薄层层析和多糖的提取，进行抗菌试验的研究，发现95%乙醇和V甲醇：甲苯为3∶1的提取的活性物质具有较强的抗姬松茸的病原细菌活性，乙酸乙酯相对病原细菌的抑菌强于乙醇的粗提物，而水相基本无抑菌效果，乙酸乙酯相的两个带（Rf0.57、Rf0.63）浓度为0.1g/ml具有较强抗姬松茸病原细菌的活性，对假单孢杆菌抑菌圈达到19.3mm，水相层析带的抑菌活性较弱，多糖的粗提物配成0.25g/g的水溶液对姬松茸病原真菌有较好的抑菌效果对黑曲霉、桔青霉和绿色木霉的抑菌圈分别达到10.8 mm、7.9 mm、5.3 mm。

Of diseases induction, variation and genetics of plant pathogenic bacteria, bacteriophages and bacteriocin, serology and their application on phytopathogenic bacteria, ecology of phytopathogenic bacteria and control or management of bacterial plant diseases.

内容包括植物细菌性病害的基本诊断技术、病原细菌主要属的区分方法、致病机制、病原细菌的遗传与突变、噬菌体与细菌素、血清学及它们在植物病原细菌学上的应用、植物病原细菌的生态及植物细菌性病害的管理及防治、使学生在修完本课程后对植物病原细菌及其所引起的病害有更多的了解与认知。

This paper reviewed the research advances in the resistance to in-suck fungicide, including the biological characteristics of resistant and sensitive phytopathogenic fungi, the mechanism of in-suck fungicide to phytopathogenic fungi, the resistant mechanism of phytopathogenic fungi to in-suck fungi, molecular detection techniques of fungicide resistance to phytopathogenic fungi and the application of the resistance-fungicide of phytopathogenic fungi.

本文综述了近年来国内外植物病原真菌对内吸性杀菌剂抗药性研究在抗性菌和敏感菌的生物学特征、内吸性杀菌剂对植物病原真菌的作用机制、植物病原真菌对内吸性杀菌剂的抗药机制、抗性菌株的分子检测技术以及抗药性利用等方面的成果。

The purpose of this study is to screen microorganisms with growth inhibition against plant fungal pathogens. The plate-dilution method was used to isolate the bacteria from salt marshes at Dafeng, Jiangsu. The antifungal activity of the bacterial broth filtrates against 5 phytopathogens was determined using mycelial disk method. The antifungal compositions of four active bacteria were analyzed primarily with chromatography techniques. Two hundred and thirty-five aerobic (92) and anaerobic (143) bacterial strains have been isolated from the coast salt marsh and sixty-five strains, of which 39 are aerobic and 26 are anaerobic showed greater than 30% of inhibition rate against the growth of at least one of the phytopathogenic fungi on petri dish.

为了开发对植物病原真菌生长有抑制作用的药源微生物，本实验采用平板稀释法从江苏大丰盐沼湿地土壤中分离微生物，并通过菌丝块法检测这些微生物代谢产物对5种植物病原真菌生长的抑制活性，进而利用柱层析分析其活性成分；结果共分离得到235株细菌，其中好氧细菌92株，厌氧细菌143株；体外活性测试结果显示有65株至少对1种测试植物病原真菌的抑制率在30%以上，其中好氧菌39株，厌氧菌26株。

Objective To investigate the effects of interleukin-1 β converting enzyme gene on the biologic characteristics of ovarian cancer cells.

目的 探讨白细胞介素-1 β转换酶的表达，对卵巢癌细胞生物学特性的影响。

Campylobacter: This illness is the most commonly identified cause of diarrheal illness in the world.

弯曲：这种病是最常见的原因查明腹泻病，在世界上。