电动势

A back electromotive force observer is constructed to acquire the information of speed as well as acceleration. By selecting the time constant or observer gain properly, the current command reduction characteristics can be adjusted freely in some range.

其中的反电动势观测器能方便地获得速度和加速度信息，通过适当调整观测器的时间常数和增益，就能使驱动电流指令值在一定范围内自由调解以达到控制目的。

Back electromotive force between two carbon electrodes , together with the wittibility of electrodes by the cryolite-alumina melts were studied in a walles cell with continual pulse technique.

本文采用连续脉冲技术，在观察无壁电解槽中电解质对碳电极湿润性的同时测量了两极间的电动势。

The simulation results show that the vector control system based on this improved scheme has better dynamic and static performance. It solves a lot of problems such as larger error in the MRAS based on the back electromotive force when the motor runs across the zero speed and the instability based on the instantaneous reactive power in the regenerating mode and has high estimating precision.

仿真表明基于该方法的矢量控制系统动静态性能好，能有效解决反电动势模型参考自适应方法在速度过零点辨识误差大以及瞬时无功功率模型参考自适应方法在转速给定为负阶跃时转速不稳定问题，转速估计精度高。

The key points of sensorless technology in PMBLDCM are to study a method which can detect rotor position accurately by simply method in whole speed range. After analyzing current sensorless methods of the PMBLDCM, it is found that those methods are successful at middle and high speed, but they often fail to detect rotor position at low speed when the back electromotive force is small or zero.

纵观目前的永磁无刷直流电机的无位置传感器控制方法，比较成熟而可行的方法多集中于电机在中高速区域运行时，能够较准确估计转子位置；电机处于低速、极低速、静止状态时电加热管，因为反电动势幅值较小或者为零，而无法正常工作。

The structure and characteristic of the band-pass filter are analyzed,and parameters of components are calculated,and a Back-EMF zero-cross detection circuit for BLDC motor sensorless control is designed in this paper.

分析了带通滤波器的结构、幅频和相频特性，计算获得了符合要求的参数，设计了由带通滤波器构成的无刷直流电动机无位置传感器控制用反电动势过零检测电路，并给出了该检测电路的简化型式。

Eddy current, betatron.

感生电动势的应用；涡旋电流；电子感应加速器。

It takes a force of about 10,000 volts to force electricity through one centimeter of air.

使电流通过一厘米厚的空气层，就需约 10， 000 伏特的电动势。

Faraday's law is that when the flux in the conductor loop changes, it produces electromotive force in the conductor loop, and obeys to contour integral law , Maxwell Curl Theory is that when the magnetic intensity of a certain point in ether space changes, there produces electric field at that point in ether space, which is the field mutual production theory of "electric field produces magnetic field and magnetic field produces electric field" in the free space which everybody is familiar with, and it obeys differential law , Lorentz magnetic force is that when metal electrons cut magnetic lines, metal electrons forced by move along the conductor to form inductive current, in fact, it doesn't matter whether coil moves or magnet moves, only if there exists relative motion between magnetic field and conductor, metal electrons must cut magnetic lines, which is,"coil stills while magnet moves to the left" and "magnet stills while coil moves to the right" these two situations are the same, which both belong to metal electrons having cut magnetic lines.

法拉第定律指导体环路里的磁通量发生变化时，在导体环路上产生电动势，而且服从围线积分律；麦克斯韦旋度理论指以太空间某点的磁场强度发生变化时，在以太空间的该点产生电场，即大家熟知的自由空间里"电场生磁场与磁场生电场"之互生场理论，而且服从微分律；洛伦兹磁力指金属电子切割磁力线时，金属电子受力沿着导体漂移而形成感应电流，其实，无论线圈运动或是磁铁运动，只要磁场与导体存在相对运动，则金属电子必然切割磁力线，即，"线圈静止而磁铁向左运动"与"磁铁静止而线圈向右运动"这两种情况是一样的，都属于金属电子切割了磁力线。

Of a battery is the energy given to each coulomb of charge.

电动势是用来表示在电源中给予每库伦电荷的电势能。

A theoretical formula was applied to this process so that the open circuit voltage could predict the limit of deoxidization reaction.

通过电池电动势与时间关系的数学模型，得出外电路电压与熔池中氧含量的关系，从而根据外电路电压可以预测脱氧反应进行的程度。

Since historical times,England ,where the early inhabitants were Celts, has been conquered three times .

从有历史以来，英国，在此地早期居住的是凯尔特人，已经被征服了三次。

Bluetooth OBEX File Transfer Enables the sending and receiving of files on your phone via Bluetooth.

蓝牙OBEX文件移动允许经过蓝牙传送和接受文件。。。。