熔化的

The detailed procedures of the method are as follows: the charging material of Ti-6Al-4V alloy is put into the crucible of an induction skull melter, heated and melted under the environment of high-purity argon and 400-700Pa pressure; pre-coated bars with the TiH2 of the weight accounting for 0.09 to 0.2 percent of the charging material are added in; when the hydrogen-contained titanium alloy in the crucible cools and the temperature drops below 300 DEG C, the charging material is vented off and cooled until the temperature equal to room temperature.

它的具体方法为：将Ti-6Al-4V合金的炉料装入感应凝壳熔炼炉的坩埚中，在压力为400～700Pa的高纯氩气环境中进行加热熔化；然后熔入含炉料质量0.09％～0.2％的TiH2的预制棒；当坩埚中含氢的钛合金逐渐冷却凝固并降温至300℃以下后，破真空，进一步冷却至室温。

The typical situation appears one of the paintings: the blood is bleeding between the legs of the man who is moving the stone, against him the molten magmatic fluid flows from inside the piled-up rocks, man and stones seem be over the boiling point, their battle can be described as 'perfervid' .

最典型的情态出现在其中的一幅画里，鲜血正从搬石头的人的双腿之间流下，而他的背后，成堆的岩石上有熔化成岩浆般的液体往下流淌，人与石头仿佛都处在沸点之中，两者之间的战争完全可以用"白热化"来形容。

Flame retardants may interrupt or change the decomposition process in several ways:(1)they may melt at relatively low temperatures and resolidify in the form of a foam, which serves as a barrier to heat transfer from the flame to the substrate;(2) they may be converted upon heating into acids or bases, which catalyze the decomposition of the substrate at lower temperatures than are required for the formation of volatile combustibles;(3 ) they may decompose orsublime upon heating to release large amounts of nonflammable vapors which exclude oxygen from the flame; or (4) they may react with chemicakl species within the flame to stop the combustion reaction.

阻燃剂可以从几个方面干涉或改变织物的分解过程：（1）阻燃剂在相对较低的温度时会熔化，然后重新固化成泡沫状，这样就形成了一个屏障，阻止了从火焰向织物的热传递。（2）阻燃剂受热时会分解成酸或碱，这些酸或碱在低于可生成挥发性可燃物的温度下可以催化织物的分解。（3）阻燃剂在受热时会分解或升华，同时释放出大量不可燃气体，这就阻止了氧气对火焰的供应。（4）阻燃剂可以与火焰中的化学物质起反应，使燃烧反应终止。

In 1973 the Institute of Chemical Metallurgy was engaged to carry out research on fluidizcd roasting of titaniferous iron ore containing vanadium, with the special objective of utilizing the local resources of natural gas and hydraulic electric power, by reduction of the ore with a hydrogen-rich gas followed by melting of the reduced cinder in an electric furnace in order to separate the iron from a slag rich in vanadium and titanium.

化工冶金研究所于1973年接受了&流态化焙烧还原钒钛铁矿&的任务，要求结合当地资源，用天然气还原铁精矿，用水力发电熔化焙砂，再从熔渣中提取钒和钛。我们对流态化还原的若干方面开展了试验研究，包括铁精矿还原反应数据的获得和有关分析，以及可供应用的两种流态化反应器的工程研究。第一种是气控式多层流态化床，第二种是快速流态化反应器。此外，对于流态化还原中的失流以及熔砂的渣～铁分离和从熔渣中提取钒钛，也进行了试验研究。

If r and oxide layer are thin, they will improve the adhesion between the substrate and the bond coat. They will reduce hightemperature-oxidation-resistance if they become thick. The solid-liquid reaction of forming melting layer can enhance the bonding between the substrate and the bond coat.

由于界面反应形成的致密的Y'或氧化物膜对提高涂层的寿命是有利的，但厚的Y'或氧化物层是涂层失效的原因之一；形成熔化层的固液反应可提高基体与底层的结合强度。

The steel is provided with the characteristics of ultra fine grain and ultra purity, so the result has the excellent mechanical properties with combination of strength and toughness. DC flash butt welding is a kind of solid joining method with high efficiency. The micro characteristics of HAZ affect the weld joints greatly.

直流电阻闪光对焊是一种高效的固态连接方法，其焊接热影响区的显微特性对焊接接头的性能有着重要的影响，由于这种方法与熔化焊具有本质的区别，所以对超细晶粒钢的闪光对焊焊接适用性研究会有助于推进新一代钢铁材料的研究和应用开发。

I.S.P is the typical complex and continuous production process. Based on the peculiarity of I.S.P: physical chemistry reaction is quite complex, operation condition is comparatively rigid, the charging ration needs to be exactitude. Temperature variety of zones in furnace including: warm-up charging zone, re-oxidation zone, revivification zone, slag smelting zone, The soft point and soft zone are the key factors, which have an effect on the smelting of ISP and it is a comprehensive parameter appraising the quality of sintered aggregate.

基于密闭鼓风炉铅锌冶炼生产过程特点：物理化学反应十分复杂，操作条件比较严格，入炉物料的配比要求也非常精确，是典型的复杂连续生产过程；论文分析了炉内各带的温度变化：料预热带、再氧化带、还原带、炉渣熔化带；分析、总结了影响鼓风炉生产的因素：鼓风制度(富氧熔炼、预热鼓风熔炼)、炉料的性质对熔炼过程的影响(烧结块、焦炭的性质及消耗)、鼓风炉操作的影响因素(鼓风炉系统、鼓风量与风温调节、炉前操作、冷凝分离系统、煤气洗涤系统、电热前床)。

The forming process for the high-strength, steel-base modified polyformaldehyde composite material in five-laver structure is to melt modified polyformaldehyde by heating and roll to make the melt polyformaldehyde permeate into the gaps gaps between the large-grained spherical copper powder and screw copper nails.

四层结构的钢基铜塑复合材料的成型过程，是将改性聚甲醛加热熔化，经轧制，使熔融的聚甲醛渗透到大颗粒球形铜粉的间隙中，解决了三层材料复合过程中，熔融的聚甲醛水平流动性强过垂直方向的渗透性，造成了结合强度低的缺陷，使聚甲醛层与铜粉及基体结合更牢固，提高了其承载和抗剪切的能力。

The forming process for the high-strength, steel-base modified polyformaldehyde composite material in five-layer structure is to melt modified polyformaldehyde by heating and roll to make the melt polyformaldehyde permeate into the gaps between the large-grained spherical copper powder and screw copper nails.

五层结构的高强度钢基改性聚甲醛复合材料的成型过程，是将改性聚甲醛加热熔化，经轧制，使熔融的聚甲醛渗透到大颗粒球形铜粉的间隙中，解决了三层材料复合过程中，熔融的聚甲醛水平流动性远强过垂直方向的渗透性，造成了结合强度低的缺陷，使聚甲醛层与铜粉、螺旋铜钉及基体结合更牢固，提高了其承载和抗剪切的能力。

The forming process for the high-strength, steel-base modified polyformaldehyde composite material in five-layer structure is to melt modified polyformaldehyde by heating and roll to make the melt polyformaldehyde permeate into the gaps between the large-grained spherical copper powder and screw copper nails.

五层结构的高强度钢基改性聚甲醛复合材料的成型过程，是将改性聚甲醛加热熔化，经轧制，使熔融的聚甲醛渗透到大颗粒球形铜粉与螺旋铜钉的间隙中，解决了三层材料复合过程中，熔融的聚甲醛水平流动性远强过垂直方向的渗透性，造成了结合强度低的缺陷，使聚甲醛层与铜粉、螺旋铜钉及基体结合更牢固，提高了其承载和抗剪切的能力。

In this paper, the requirement analysis, design and implementation of the system are introduced in detail.

此论文详细介绍了系统的需求分析，系统设计和具体实现。

In the context of economic globalization is increasingly deepening, China's economy can not be spared.

在经济全球化日益加深的背景下，中国经济不可能做到独善其身。