波动

There are many ways to apply the estimated volatility, one of which are volatility trading, trading strategy including pure volatility trading strategy and trend volatility trading strategy.

波动率估计的结果应用途径很多，其中之一便是进行波动率交易，具体的运用方法包含纯波动率交易策略与倾向型波动率交易策略等。

Based on the index an on-line algorithm for segmenting time series is brought forward.

3基于金融时间序列的自相似性与波动聚集性，提出了一种新的波动聚集性模型——基于自相似的波动聚集模型，用于研究在不同时段，序列波动的自相似特征。

It means to recognize periodicity by analyzing the spectral density of periodically variable sequence, then to judge the measured period true or false through the statistical examination of Fisher's Kappa and Bartlett's Kolmogorovsmirnov.

第三节"波动周期的模型测定法"以"收入—支出"结构和"需求导向"为基本构架，通过建立中国宏观经济波动模型来测定宏观经济内生变量波动的周期长度，这种通过解析思路测定经济变量波动周期的方法，具有理论支撑，其科学性、可信性是显而易见的。

According to the observation of the microstructure of small diameter lumber with scan electron microscope, there are many bordered pits of the radial trancheidal wall in the small-diameter Larch, and most of them have pit film. The resin is not only in resin canal, but also in some trancheid and ray parenchyma cells. The drying defects of small-diameter Larch lumbers were the most severe in consecution heating, fluctuating-heats 2h in between, and drying defects were nearly not observed in fluctuating-heats 6h. There is tylosis in the vessel of the heartwood of small-diameter Cathay poplar. The bordered pits of the radial trancheidal wall are dense, and the pits between vessels are alternate, most of them have pit film. Different collapse happened in all the small-diameter Cathay poplar lumbers. The collapse of small-diameter Larch lumbers was the most severe with consecution heating, fluctuating-heats 2h in between, the least with fluctuating-heating 6h.

通过扫描电镜观察发现，小径木落叶松的径壁具缘纹孔数目较多，且多具纹孔膜，小径木落叶松除在树脂道中含有树脂外，在一部分管胞胞腔内以及一些木射线细胞中也含有树脂，在产生缺陷的小径木落叶松锯材中，连续加热方式下锯材的开裂缺陷最为严重，波动2时次之，波动6时几乎没有开裂现象；小径木大青杨心材导管中的层状浸填体含量较多，且径壁具缘纹孔较为密集，管间纹孔呈互列方式，绝大多数纹孔具有纹孔膜，干燥后的小径木大青杨锯材均有不同程度的皱缩现象产生，其中连续加热干燥试验锯材的皱缩现象最严重，波动2时次之，波动6时干燥试验锯材的皱缩缺陷最小。

So it is undulation, undulation, undulation, undulation.

因此，你就这样波动，波动，波动，波动。

It is foun d that the implied volatility of Hang Seng index options is strongly mean r everting, so assuming the market efficiency hypothesis and Black Scholes mod el are right, the implied volatility on a larger maturity option should move by less than the change of the implied volatility on a shorter maturity option.

实证分析表明期权的隐含波动率具有很强的&中心回复&特性，那么，在有效市场假设和Black Scholes期权定价模型正确性的前提之下，当一个期限较短的期权的隐含波动率发生变动时，另一个其他方面与之完全相同，但期限较长的期权，其隐含波动率的变动幅度应小于前一个期权隐含波动率的变动幅度。

We examined the relationship between the jet stream and activity of synoptic-scale disturbance Q, which depicts intensity of synoptic-scale disturbance in a period of time, and the relationship between the jet stream and transient eddy heat flux.

通过分析急流与天气尺度波动活动量Q(用于描述某一时间段内天气尺度波动活动强弱程度)、热量涡动输送的关系，发现：在气候平均意义下，天气尺度波动活动量在6、 8月份较大，这意味着在这两个月中，天气尺度波动较为剧烈。

The 1D wave equation inverse scattering problem includes many proce- dures such as time-depth conversion,Z transform,1D spectral fac- torization,reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient,et...

三维波动方程逆散射的关键环节可类比于一维波动方程反问题，一维波动方程逆散射中的时深转换、Z变换、一维谱分解和反射与透射系数等环节，在多维波动方程逆散射或速度横向变化介质逆散射的研究中，被替换为射线坐标系、单程波算子、基于Witt积的多维谱分解和反射与透射算子的平面波响应。

Where the share or other security is a basket comprised of various securities, indices, currencies, commodities, interest rates or other assets, instruments or prices, basis fluctuations in the value of any one component item in such basket may be offset or intensified by fluctuations in the value of the other component items which comprise the relevant basket.

股份或其他证券属一篮子的股份或其他证券，由多种证券，指，货币，商品，息或其他资产，工具或价格组成，则该篮子中任何一成份资产之价值波动或可与同一篮子其他成份资产之价值波动互相抵销，但亦可能会因该等其他成份资产之价值波动而本身之波动加剧。

Based on the study of scholars at home and abroad and from the point of theoretical and empirical study, this paper analyses the impact of foreign trade and FDI over China's business cycle using many econometric methods such as Unit Root Test, Co-integration Tests, Granger Test, Pulse-response Function and variance decomposition based on VAR model and draws the conclusion as follows:Firstly,there is a close relationship among foreign trade, FDI and business cycle. Foreign trade and FDI are the important transmission channel of the economic cycle. Secondly, the impact to economic fluctuation from foreign trade is greater than that of FDI. Thirdly, In the long time, there is fine interactive circulation among foreign trade, FDI and economic growth. When the short-term deviation from equilibrium happens, there is a self-balanced mechanism in the system.Fourthly,the active effect outweighs the negative effect which the foreign trade and FDI brings.

本文在国内外学者研究成果的基础上，从理论和实证两个方面，运用单位根检验、协整检验、格兰杰因果检验、基于VAR模型的脉冲响应分析及方差分解等计量经济学的方法，从比较的角度分析了对外贸易及FDI对我国经济周期波动的影响，得出结论如下：首先，对外贸易、FDI与我国经济的波动有着显著的关系，二者是传递经济周期的重要渠道；其次，对外贸易对我国经济波动的影响要大于FDI的作用；第三，长期看我国FDI、对外贸易和经济增长之间形成良好的互动循环，当系统短期内偏离均衡状态时，系统存在一个自我均衡机制；第四，对外贸易及FDI对我国经济周期波动产生的积极效应要远大于它所带来的负面效应。

On closer examination, though, this is not a vote for multilateralism but just the opposite.

仔细审视后我们发现，这并非是对多边主义投出的赞成票，而是恰好相反。

Uncovering their weak spots, so I can defeat them.

揭露出他们的弱点，这样我就可以打败他们了。