母细胞

MACS is a simple and effective method in isolating monocyte/macrophages from peripheral blood and decidua in early pregnancy, which may be helpful to study the role of immune cells in maternal-fetal immune tolerance.

MACS方法是一种有效，简捷的分离、纯化单核巨噬细胞的方法，运用此方法，有益于更确切的描述妊娠早期参与母胎界面免疫调控的职能细胞的作用及其调节方式。

Temporal and spatial expression pattern of gibel carp pou2 during embryogenesis was investigated by RT-PCR and whole-mount in situ hybridization. RT-PCR result indicates that there is maternal transcript of gibel carp pou2 in early embryos and the zygotic pou2 transcript is abundantly expressed from blastula stage. Large amount of pou2 transcript is detected at both 50% and 90% epiboly stages. At 100% epiboly stage, however, the pou2 transcript reduces rapidly and disappears at the later embryogenesis. Whole-mount in situ hybridization shows that the maternal transcript ubiquitously exists in all blastomere cells.

我们用RT-PCR和整体原位杂交的方法研究了银鲫pou2基因在胚胎发育过程中的时空表达图式RT-PCR结果显示，银鲫pou2基因有母源转录本，其合子基因在高囊胚期强烈表达，在50%下包期和90%下包期也有高量的转录本，但在100%下包期表达量急剧降低，至体节期时已经完全检测不到其转录本胚胎整体原位杂交结果显示其母源转录本在所有的胚盘细胞中。

They had higher SCE rate and micro nuclei rate, with 14.12times per cell, and 13.28 times per cell, respectively for SCE rate and 25.2% and 21.2%, respectively for micro nuclei rate, After treated wito mitomytin, they had even higher SCE (38.3、37.2)and micro-nuclei rate(10.7%,10.2%) than normal β－lymphoblast cell line.

现常用细胞EB病毒体外感染外周血淋巴细胞建立淋巴母细胞株，具永生性和不致瘤性，保持原有细胞的生物学特性，为实验室研究提供可信的材料[2]。

IGF2, which encodes a protein functioning as a fetal growth factor and a cell mitogen, is expressed only from paternally allele in most tissues but from both alleles in adult liver. H1 9, which acts as an RNA, is a gene of unknown function and expressed only from maternally allele.

IGF2编码的胰岛素样生长因子-2是一种胚胎生长因子及细胞有丝分裂原，在人体内大多数组织中特异地表达父系来源的等位基因，而母源等位基因处于印记状态。H19表达一种功能尚不清楚的RNA，其印记状态与IGF2相反，目前发现H19在正常组织内均为母源等位基因表达，父源等位基因印记。

The process and particular substances in oocytes used for recipients destroy all status for donor cells to continue their differentiation, altering the specific three-dimensional structure of chromosomes during cell differentiation and reprogramme the donor karyon.

克隆动物的过程及其卵母细胞质中的特殊物质破坏了维持供体细胞分化状态的各种条件，改变了分化细胞染色体的特定空间结构，对分化细胞进行了重新编程。

12H treatment group compared with 12h model group: the level of MCP-1 of the Gardenoside group decreased and MIP-1 is no different with the model group; the level of the MCP-1, MIP-1 of the Baicalin group are no different with the model group; the level of MCP-1, MIP-1 of the Concha Margatitifera Usta decreased than the model; the level of MCP-1 of the Cholic Acid group is no different and the level of MIP-1 decreased than the model; the level of MCP-1 of the Hefang Group decreased and the level of MIP-1 of it decreased than the model group.

合方治疗脑缺血24小时组缺血脑组织nNos光密度值较缺血24小时模型组明显降低（p＜0.01）。细胞的死亡分为坏死和凋亡两种方式，凋亡是细胞为避免对机体造成更大损伤而采取的一种程序性的死亡方式。珍珠母、胆酸、栀子苷、黄芩苷、合方治疗组较脑缺血24小时模型组可明显降低P53阳性表达，考虑药物抑制细胞凋亡可以起到对缺血脑组织的保护作用。

In fish and amphibia, the transition from maternal gene transcription to zygotic transcription happens during the time of midblastula formation, this stage is named by midblastula transition, at this period, embryo cell cycle composition changes, it is the first time to G1 time appearance, the cell cycle timelimit lengthens and the cell division synchronism loses, the large quantities of zygotic gene transcription starts.

鱼类和两栖类由母型调控向合子型调控过渡发生在中囊胚形成阶段，称为中囊胚过渡(midblastula transition，MBT)，胚胎细胞周期时相的组成在此期间发生变化，首次出现G1期，周期时限延长，细胞分裂的同步性丧失，大批合子型基因活化转录也在此时开始。

Results The positive signal of HLA-G expression were showed in all placentas of nomal pregnant women within villus and cytoplasma of syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast.

结果 正常妊娠早期、晚期孕妇胎盘母胎界面均有？HLA-G mRNA的阳性表达，阳性表达位于绒毛内外细胞滋养细胞，以及合体滋养细胞的胞浆内。

The experimental results indicated that the addition of yellow serofluid had better nitrogen source effects than carbamide with its optimal addition level as 2 %(cell concentration increased by 18 %, bud ratio increased by 16 %, and liquor yield by alcohol fermentation increased by 2.2 %), which could settle the problem of environment pollution induced by direct discharge. The use of yellow serofluid in the production of alcohol from cassava could increase alcohol content in fermenting solution and liquor yield by 14.2 %Vol and by 35.5 % respectively.

结果表明，添加黄浆水作为酒母培养的氮源效果优于尿素；最适添加量为2 %；成熟酒母发酵液中细胞浓度比尿素作营养盐时提高18 %，出芽率提高16 %，酒精发酵出酒率提高2.2 %；可解决直接排放带来的环境污染问题；用于木薯原料酒精发酵，发酵液中酒精度可达14.2 %Vol，原料出酒率为35.5 %。

And although these new findings do not support Lamarck's overall concept,they do raise the possibility that "epimutations,"as they are called,could play a role in evolution.

虽然这些基因表达的变化可以在细胞分裂时由母代传递给子代细胞，比如肌肉细胞分裂，或者癌细胞增生形成肿瘤，但这些变化在生殖细胞形成时通常会被抹去。

The big eared hedgehog, the little owl, the sand gecko, the three-toed jerboa, and every show needs a villain - saw-scale - the viper!

大耳刺猬，小猫头鹰，沙壁虎，三趾跳鼠，每场戏都需要反派角色：蝰蛇。

Plasmodiophora brassicae ; resting spores ; density gradient centrifugation of sucrose ; ultrasonic disruption

根肿；休眠孢子；蔗糖密度梯度离心；超声波破碎