极限

As to the problem of divergency of conventional power flow method,By using an augment eqution this method can get the exact limit of voltage stability and the whole PV curve without encountering the numerical difficulty of ill-conditioning.

针对常规潮流法在鞍结分岔点附近不收敛，该方法通过增加一维潮流方程，消除了功率极限点附近的雅可比矩阵奇异的现象，获取精确的电压稳定极限和整支PV 曲线。

In the second part, we firstly give the definitions of the double inverse limit and some dynamical properties related, then we use the above way to study the dynamical relations between the systems and lim{X, f^g},σ_f^σ_g...

在论文的第二部分，我们模仿逆极限{X，f的定义，提出了双重逆极限{X，f^g的概念，并针对X上的两个交换的自映射f和g，类似定义了系统上的一些动力性质，并证明了系统与系统(？{X，f^g}，σf^σ_g之间在这些动力性质上的一些相关结果。

The second part, with the theories of the first part for guide, pass a software ANSYS to imitate the napu big bridge main arch ring's ultimate load carrying capacity under well-distributed loads, in imitating process, distinguishing the emulation by three ways: 1, the characteristic value emulation, 2,the geometric nonlinearity emulation 3,double nonlinearity emulations, and sum up the frame of the order flow within various emulation process, so that the good leading function can be provided with related calculations.

第二部分，以第一部分的理论为指导，通过大型有限元软件ANSYS来模拟南浦大桥主拱圈在均布荷载作用下的极限承载力，并探究主拱肋在极限荷载作用下的破坏过程。

For the infective subsystem, we obtain the existent condition of the subsystem equilibrium point and the uniqueness of the positive equilibrium point by the no infectious subsystem's conclusion and the image analysis. The partial stability of the subsystem equilibrium points is discussed by analyzing eigenvalue. The condition that the system has no limit cycle is obtained by the Dulac function.

对染病子系统，利用无病子系统所得结论及图像分析法，得到了系统平衡点的存在条件，正平衡点的存在唯一性；利用特征根方法判断了系统平衡点的局部稳定性；利用Dulac函数得到了系统不存在极限环的条件；利用极限方程理论得到了系统疾病消除平衡点和地方病平衡点的全局稳定性。

Elastic Limit, Apparent—Arbitrary approximation of the elastic limit of materials that do

表观弹性极限—应力-应变曲线中没有明显线性段的材料的弹性极限的近似值，它等

The relationship between elastic strain energy and the reduction coefficient can be used as criteria in slope stability analysis using strength reduction method.

研究结果表明：采用强度折减法，当边坡处于稳定状态时，折减系数增大引起边坡变形增大，导致边坡体弹性应变能随之增大；但是，边坡岩土体能够承受的弹性应变能是有极限的，当折减系数增大到某一值时，边坡体的弹性应变能达到极限，再增大折减系数将导致边坡失稳破坏；边坡体弹性应变能与折减系数服从指数关系；利用弹性应变能与折减系数关系曲线得到的边坡安全系数与采用其他经典的方法所得边坡安全系数基本一致，弹性应变能随折减系数变化而变化的规律可以作为边坡稳定性强度折减法分析的失稳判据。

Speckle is also the fundamental uncertainty factor in this kind of sensors. The analytic expression of centroid uncertainty limit is derived from the statistic of laser speckle, and it is shown that the uncertainty limit in RST, and also in anamorphic triangulation, is dependent on the solid angle subtended by entrance pupil as seen from the illuminated laser spot, the triangulation angle, as well as the laser wavelength. The influence of aberration of optical system and surface roughness are also discussed.(4) A method of getting the 3D edge characters based on the integrated vision system is studied.

重点研究了RST中的激光散斑现象，从散斑统计学的角度，首次推导了激光散斑引起的旋转对称三角法位移测量不确定度的极限，结果表明在光学粗糙表面上，该极限由投射激光波长，光学系统入瞳对投射光斑所张的立体角，以及光学系统主光轴与旋转轴的夹角确定；这一结论同样适用于其他变形成像的激光三角法。4基于RST的工作方式，研究了利用集成视觉系统的扫描移动来获得被测物体的低分辨率三维信息的方法。

We firstly discuss minimal sets characterizations of closed-set lattice , then systematically study the categorical properties of categories CL and PairCL by the means of the join-semilattices closed-set-latticefies, and the constructions of monomorphism, epimor-phism, extremal monomorphism, extremal epimorphism, section, retraction, subob-ject, quotient object, product, co-product, equalizer, coequalizer, inverse limits and direct limits in the categories CL and PairCL are given.

首先讨论了闭集格的极小集刻划，然后通过并半格的闭集格化这种方法，较为系统地研究了范畴CL及范畴PairCL的性质，给出了范畴CL和范畴PairCL的单态射、满态射、极端单态射、极端满态射、截节、收缩、子对象、商对象、极端子对象、极端商对象等特殊态射和特殊对象的具体刻划，并且研究了它们的等化子和余等化子、乘积和余积、逆极限和定向极限的具体构造。

We firstly discuss minimal sets characterizations of closed-set lattice , then systematically study the categorical properties of categories CL and PairCL by the means of the join-semilattice's closed-set-latticefies, and the constructions of monomorphism, epimor-phism, extremal monomorphism, extremal epimorphism, section, retraction, subob-ject, quotient object, product, co-product, equalizer, coequalizer, inverse limits and direct limits in the categories CL and PairCL are given.

首先讨论了闭集格的极小集刻划，然后通过并半格的闭集格化这种方法，较为系统地研究了范畴CL及范畴PairCL的性质，给出了范畴CL和范畴PairCL的单态射、满态射、极端单态射、极端满态射、截节、收缩、子对象、商对象、极端子对象、极端商对象等特殊态射和特殊对象的具体刻划，并且研究了它们的等化子和余等化子、乘积和余积、逆极限和定向极限的具体构造。

The limit error in punching parts are the max dimension error which practicable allowed in the parts with limit error.

冲件的极限误差是具有极限偏差的冲件所具有的实际允许的最大尺寸误差。

Since historical times,England ,where the early inhabitants were Celts, has been conquered three times .

从有历史以来，英国，在此地早期居住的是凯尔特人，已经被征服了三次。

Bluetooth OBEX File Transfer Enables the sending and receiving of files on your phone via Bluetooth.

蓝牙OBEX文件移动允许经过蓝牙传送和接受文件。。。。