期望

Limit theorems for the integration of function sequence with respect to weak convergence probability measure sequence are proved under the condition of the weak tight, which have been used to research the some convergence of expectant functional sequence,and a sufficient condition for the epi-convergence of expectant functional sequence is obtained.

提出了弱胎紧的概念，并在弱胎紧的条件下证明了函数序列关于弱收敛概率测度序列积分的极限定理，用其研究了期望泛函序列的若干收敛性，得到了期望泛函序列的、上图收敛的一个充分条件。

Based on constraints to angle-of-fall for cruise missiles, the variable structure terminal guidance law was designed for limiting the angle of fall in longitudinal and lateral directions. Thus the missile can be kept in desired azimuth and angle-of-fall for attacking the target efficiently.

针对巡航导弹落角限制的要求，分别对纵向和侧向两个通道设计出了限制落角的变结构末制导律，可以使导弹在期望的方位以期望的落角打击目标。

The traditional mathematical expectation (i.e.the expectation about additive measure) takes an important role in risk pricing .

传统的数学期望(即关于可加测度的数学期望)在风险定价和效用理论中起者重要的作用。

Radon variable; Mathematical expectation; Applications of mathematical expectation

随机变量；数学期望；数学期望的应用

Most economists will tell you that you make decisions on this personal level by acting as what they would call a "rational maximizer," comparing, whether explicitly or implicitly, what you expect to gain from your decision against what you expect to give up.

大多数经济学家都会告诉你，你作出决定，这在个人层面上，由代理什么，他们将要求在一个"理性maximizer ，"比较，无论是明确或含蓄，你期望得到的来自你的决定，对你的期望放弃了。

In general, because of their nonlinearity, it is hard to calculate the Choquet expectation and minimax expectation.

本论文的前半部分将在倒向随机微分方程的基础上，用[1]中定理1的方法计算几个特殊的Choquet期望和最大，最小数学期望。

This invention relates to MIMO test method in a multi-user MIMO radio communication system including: estimating the channel matrixes of all users at the base station, computing an orthogonal projecting matrix M of the interference matrix of each user and transmitting M to each user periodically, receiving data sent by the base station at the user end and getting the orthogonal projecting matrix M from the received data, transforming the MIMO test of a desired user to the minimum value of a K-element secondary convex function, in which, K expresses the number of sending antennas and getting estimation of the test data by a ball test method.

一种多用户多输入多输出无线通信系统中的MIMO检测方法，包括步骤：在基站估计所有用户的信道矩阵；计算每个用户的干扰用户矩阵的正交投影矩阵M，并将每个用户的正交投影矩阵M定期发送给每个用户；在用户端接收基站发送的数据，并从接收的数据中得到正交投影矩阵M；利用正交投影矩阵M将期望用户的MIMO检测转化为K元二次凸函数的极小值，其中K表示对期望用户而言，发送天线的个数；利用球检测的方法，得到检测数据的估计。

Embarks from the monocycle stock model main consideration cost element, through the expectation loses smallest method and expectation profit biggest method realizes to the monocycle stock model in the stockout cost and the expired cost control,then determination best volume of order.

从单周期库存模型主要考虑的成本因素出发，通过期望损失最小法和期望利润最大法实现对单周期库存模型中缺货成本和过期成本的控制，从而确定最佳订货量。

A new kind of algorithm, which is based on Dirac δ-Function, is established by Nonstandard Analysis for M/G/1 queueing system performance gradient estimation with respect to a kind of probability parameter.

新算法在实现过程中需要用样条函数来近似δ函数，但可以同时估计M/G/1排队系统中顾客期望系统时间和忙期期望长度对概率参数的梯度。

Two kinds of DPA estimators are given by way of Nonstandard Analysis andprobability parameter sampling,respectively.One kind of DPA algorithm,based on a sample pathof GI/GI/l system,can estimate simultaneously EST and expected busy period length gradient.

分别从非标准分析和概率参数抽样方式的角度建立了两类DPA估计量，特别地，前一类DPA估计量可以同时估计顾客的期望系统时间和忙期期望长度的梯度。

Objective To investigate the effects of interleukin-1 β converting enzyme gene on the biologic characteristics of ovarian cancer cells.

目的 探讨白细胞介素-1 β转换酶的表达，对卵巢癌细胞生物学特性的影响。

Campylobacter: This illness is the most commonly identified cause of diarrheal illness in the world.

弯曲：这种病是最常见的原因查明腹泻病，在世界上。