有礼貌的

It was found that structural models of a swearing discourse possess 3 parts: the swearing appellation, the contumelious special swearing expression, and the auxiliary statement of swearing cause. Then 30 odd pragmatic functions were reported in the study that strongly display their competences in helping people, as those in Dream of the Red Chamber, to express their subtle feelings to the full in intricate situations and under complex mentality. Meanwhile, 4 pragmatic parameters were discovered in this analysis of data: the sex character of swearing explaining how sex as a pragmatic factor influences the speech act of swearing; the socio-cultural character of swearing which demonstrates how 8 aspects of socio-cultural elements affect the realization of swearing in English and Chinese; the courtesy character of swearing, and the psycho-cognitive character of swearing. Finally in terms of the responding strategies of swearing and their effects, the study evidenced that many strategies were used and that 3 possible types of effects were produced when confronting swearing: no response, expectant moderate response, and excessive response.

本文发现：詈骂言语行为的话语结构模式主要包括三部分，即詈骂性称呼语、侮辱性专门詈骂语和辅助性詈骂原因陈述；詈骂言语行为的语用功能，具体表现为30 多种，因而能够表达人们的复杂情感，《红楼梦》也借以淋漓尽致地表现各种人物的性格、心理和喜怒哀乐；构成詈骂言语行为的语用参数主要有四种，即詈骂的性别特征、詈骂的社会文化特征、詈骂的礼貌特征、詈骂的心理认知特征；人们在应对詈骂言语行为的时候，通常采用若干策略，产生三种可能的作用力，即不给予反应、预期的适度反应和过度反应。

Politeness is not a superficial attribute of human behavior,but rather a central virtue, one whose very existence is increasingly being threatened by the faddish requirement to"speak one's mind".

礼貌并不是人们行为的一个无关紧要的品德，而是一个核心品德，这种品德的存在正被一个时尚的要求所威胁，这个时尚的要求是"有话直说"

More often it is grim: almost everyone, it turns out, was informing on the Martons, from neighbours to the nanny. Through it all, her father baffled his persecutors, who could not believe that the suave, stylish polyglot was just what he claimed to be: a hard-living, hard-playing newsman. His undoing came when a traitor in the American embassy reported that he had lent to officials there a copy of an official document, the state budget. Not exactly a secret, but pretext enough to send him to be broken in the AVO's dungeons.

这常常是无情的：事实证明几乎所有的人，从邻居到保姆，都对Marton一家进行了揭发，自始至终，她的父亲都反击了迫害者，这些迫害者难以相信这位礼貌又有风度地通晓多国语言的人如他所声称的那样：一位艰难生活、艰难工作的报人，当一位美国大使馆的叛徒揭发他将一份有关政府预算的政府文件的副本借给这里的官员时，他的不幸到来了，尽管这份文件不能确切的算作秘密，但是这足以成为将他送入AVO的地牢遭受折磨的借口。

Through the study, the author finds that the advertisers use different kinds of mood adjuncts, modal auxiliaries to claim different degrees of certainty and uncertainty so as to make the advertisements convincing as well as revealing; the advertisers use the present tense to turn to the readers intermittently and to make implicit evaluations of their products/services along the way; use multiple means to realize the imperativeness in advertisements and they address the readers as "you" in advertising textual world to create the pull for the readers to get into the real situation.

具体表现为：广告商通过语气状语、情态助动词、各种认识论性的情态表达造成不同程度的确定与不确定，从而使其广告即有揭示性又保持可信度；使用现在时不时地在广告中直接对读者说话，同时作隐性的评价；使用祈使结构等来实现祈使和礼貌意义；广告主在广告中称呼读者为"你"对读者造成向里的拉力，使读者得以进入广告中的情境。

Please keep the 37th act cited from George Washington the politesse and dignity in your behavior and words into your mind: when charting with elegant people with high status, don ' t lean your body on other material. Don ' t gaze other ' s face for longtime, and don ' t stand beside them so adjacently, keep one-foot-distance.

请记住乔治·华盛顿在举止和谈吐中的礼貌与端庄中提到的第三十七条法则："与高雅人士交谈的时候，身体不要斜靠其他物体，不要长时间盯着别人的脸，也不要和他们站得太近，至少要有一步的距离。"

It should go without saying that it's important to travel conscientiously, not profligately, and to hang up your towel, out of courtesy to the staff as much as anything. But the notion that we can reverse climate change by giving up holiday flights is as daft as the joke circulating around the time of the Heiligendamm G8 summit that, as President Bush understood it, an escalation in the cold war might help in the fight against global warming.

不言而喻，重要的是旅行时要有责任心，而不是挥霍浪费，挂起你的毛巾，无论是处于对员工的礼貌还是其他但改变地球气候变化就要放弃假日航班的想法，就像在德国海利根丹姆举行的八国峰会期间流传的一个笑话一样可笑：在布什总统看来，冷战的逐步升级可能有利于对抗全球变暖的斗争

Please keep the 37th act cited from George Washington the politesse and dignity in your behavior and words into your mind: when charting with elegant people with high status, don ' t lean your body on other material. Don ' t gaze other ' s face for longtime, and don ' t stand beside them so adjacently, keep one-foot-distance.

请记住乔治·华盛顿在举止和谈吐中的礼貌与端庄中提到的第三十七条法则：&与高雅人士交谈的时候，身体不要斜靠其他物体，不要长时间盯着别人的脸，也不要和他们站得太近，至少要有一步的距离。&

While working, I face many different kinds of customers; I learned how to talk to a customer, have a good attitude, and basic manners.

也因为如此让我有个不错的工作在这工作的时间里，面对的都是来来往往的客人，学到要如何与客人应对和服务的态度、基本礼貌。

No, not he; though his face be better than any man's, yet his leg excels all men's; and for a hand, and a foot, and a body, though they be not to be talked on, yet they are past compare: he is not the flower of courtesy, but, I'll warrant him, as gentle as a lamb.

罗密欧！不，他不行，虽然他的脸长得比人家漂亮一点；可是他的腿才长得有样子；讲到他的手、他的脚、他的身体，虽然这种话不大好出口，可是的确谁也比不上他。他不顶懂得礼貌，可是温柔得就像一头羔羊。

Objective To investigate the effects of interleukin-1 β converting enzyme gene on the biologic characteristics of ovarian cancer cells.

目的 探讨白细胞介素-1 β转换酶的表达，对卵巢癌细胞生物学特性的影响。

Campylobacter: This illness is the most commonly identified cause of diarrheal illness in the world.

弯曲：这种病是最常见的原因查明腹泻病，在世界上。