摄像机

Aim at the problem of high frame rate camera has not analog output and can not display on general monitor,a system that is used to display the image for high frame rate camera in real-time is designed.

针对高帧频数字摄像机没有模拟输出，不能在普通的视频监视器上显示的问题，研究设计了一种用于高帧频数字摄像机的实时显示系统。

The system gets two image of one object with two CCD, thus obtains depth from two CCD"s parallax. After investigating the operation spot and discussing with surgeons we use LED as markers, and get the marker"s 3-D position with a non-contact optics orientation method. After calibrating the CCD, processing the image, the system can figure out marker"s areal coordinates, get marker"s 3-D coordinate in dummy world coordinate system, thereby obtain instruments 3-D position and orientation. After the coordinate transformation and a series of orientation calculation, operation navigation comes true.

运用两个摄像机对同一目标从不同位置成像，进而从视差中恢复距离；通过对手术现场的仔细了解与手术医师的反复商榷，使用LED作为标志点，利用非接触式光学定位方法提取空间点位置信息：通过对摄像机的标定、图像处理及目标点重心的计算，求出空间点在虚拟世界坐标系下的三维坐标，从而确定了手术器械等的空间位姿，通过空间坐标转换及一系列定位计算，完成了手术导航实验系统。

The 13 three-man ground teams were each equipped with one of two primary cameras —"either a Sony F900 HD camera or an Arri SR3 Super 16 high-speed camera," says Ward.

13队每三人一组的地面队伍均装备两款主要摄像机组中的一个------"或者是一台Sony F900 HD 摄像机，或者是Arri SR3 超级16高速摄像机"沃德说。

In order to reduce the effect of imaging recognition error, the recognition location of projection is extended and refined, and the projection edge of sphere centre is implanted. So a pyramid is formed by radial line between the camera optical centre and the implanted point. A curved face is formed by the two pyramids and barbette sphere. To calculate the shape centre of the common section of the curved face, the shape centre is the coordinate of sphere centre.

为了降低图像识别误差的影响，对投影的识别位置进行拓展和细化，并对球心投影边界进行插值，摄像机光心与插值点连线射线形成了一个锥体，两摄像机的锥体分别与炮台球面相交形成曲面，计算两曲面公共部分的形心，即为球心位置。

For the laser coordinate measuring machine, the single CCD and the structure light are used to match the 3D object surface data. A new ladder-shaped calibration block is designed and two images are taken: one is structured stripe image and the other is laser plane image by this block. The laser plane and camera calibration can be accomplished by both images.

由于关节式坐标测量机的激光测量头，使用单摄像机和线结构光来匹配被测物体表面的三维数据，本文设计了一种新型的阶梯形标定块，通过标定块图像和激光条纹图像完成了摄像机的内外参数标定和激光平面参数标定。

In this paper,we use direct linear transformation algorithm to compute the homographic matrix between the known ground control points with equal elevation and the corresponding points on the image plane, then establish the relationships between the homographic matrix and the collinearity equations, and finally give the mathematic models for computing the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of the aerial camera.

该方法根据单张航空像片估计伞载空中摄像机焦距及摄像机在世界坐标系中的位置和姿态角等外参数，利用直接线性变换算法求取已知等高地面控制点与对应像点之间的单应矩阵，建立了单应矩阵与共线条件方程之间的关联关系，最后根据关联关系推导出计算航空摄像机焦距、纵横比、位置和姿态角等内外参数的数学模型。

In this paper, Gray code and line shifting structure light were projected to the object. Then the distortion images were got which can reconstruct the 3D model: The images space was divvied into 64 cycles by six sequence image the acquisition, the whole scanning plane has been covered by the mobile fringes, which has been cycled 20 times. With the parameters of two calibration cameras , the image pixels has been matched by the principle of geometry.

本论文的主要研究内容是利用格雷码加线移结构光对物体进行投影，再经摄像机采集到畸变的图像，结合相关算法以实现对物体的三维重构：摄像机采集到的6幅图像序列形成的格雷码将图像空间划分为64个周期，通过20次线条纹的移动完成对整个扫描平面的覆盖，在已获得两摄像机标定参数基础上，结合对极几何原理完成左右图像像素点的匹配。

Compared with traditional methods,the novel calibration approach expands the applications of the multi cameras and can find out the internal and external parameters simultaneously without the constraint for the ball bar movement.

与传统方法相比，本方法扩展到了多台摄像机应用场合并允许摄像机焦距各不相同，不需要对球杆的运动做任何限制，能够同时求解出摄像机内外参数，而改进的模拟退火进化策略改善了算法收敛速度和全局收敛性能。

The applications of the theory in robot translation parameter computation and in Qualitative Scene Model construction are presented.(3) Intrinsic Images and color constancy of Real Color Images Based on the Dichromatic Reflection Model proposed by Klinker [55] , it is the NO. 1 for this paper to measure the spectral relationship of a CCD color camera, to reestablish the linear relationship, to separate the illuminant and object color components in real color images, and to extract the intrinsic image and highlight image from the real color image, as well as to eliminate the influences of highlights upon the usual image segmentation algorithm.

以Klinker[55]等提出的&双色反射模型&为基础，首次测定了彩色摄像机的光强----灰度响应关系，恢复了摄像机的整体线性关系；首次在真实彩色图像（即由彩色摄像机直接获取的图像）中成功地分离了光照和景物的颜色；成功地抽取了本色图像和耀斑图像；在此基础上，又将双色反射模型成功地运用到真实彩色图像的分割方面，消除了耀斑对分割的影响。

The parameters calibration is carried in the course of the transformation from objective scene to digital image .

双目立体视觉的两个摄像机得标定，首先需要先对每个摄像机分别标定，以求出它们的投影矩阵，然后求解相对定位问题，相对定位问题是指用场景点在两个图像平面上的投影来确定两个摄像机坐标系之间的关系。

Objective To investigate the effects of interleukin-1 β converting enzyme gene on the biologic characteristics of ovarian cancer cells.

目的 探讨白细胞介素-1 β转换酶的表达，对卵巢癌细胞生物学特性的影响。

Campylobacter: This illness is the most commonly identified cause of diarrheal illness in the world.

弯曲：这种病是最常见的原因查明腹泻病，在世界上。