应用层

For solving the scalable problem and getting optimization solution, we propose the GA-MWPL-DC-ST algorithm which aims at resolving minimum weighted path latency degree-constrained spanning tree based on the two layers ALM model.

本文在具有超节点的双层应用层组播模型基础上，提出了利用遗传算法构建出度受限最小带权路径延时生成树的生成算法GA-MWPL-DC-ST，利用该算法可在超节点上对双层组播树进行分布式构建，从而将求最优解问题的巨大计算量分担到多个超节点上。

In this paper,we analyze the transitions between states of the application layer with the normal TCP traffic,and build a protocol misusage detection model with the normal traffic in DARPA data set.

文章深入探讨了TCP应用层协议在正常流量下的状态转换，并使用DARPA数据中正常的网络流量来建立典型网络协议异常检测模型。

In the ISO/OSI model, this is at the application layer.

在ISO/OSI模型，这位于应用层。

Application level multicast design (3) Node failure processing Most designs are care about how to use multicast tree to provide service, but few have considered how to cope with node failure.

2应用层多播方案设计(3)节点失效处理现在关于多播路由的研究大多着眼于多播树的生成以提供多播服务，但很少关注怎么样处理节点失效的问题。

The Simple Network Management Protocol is an application layer protocol that facilitates the exchange of management information between network devices.

简单网络管理协议是一种应用层协议，便于在网络设备间交换管理信息。

After analyzing the implementation of TCP/IP and Z-Stack, this paper raised the gateway protocol model of ZigBee based wireless sensor network which mean to run two protocols in one simple MCU, and programmed in embedded C to exchange packet on the application layer.

然后对嵌入式TCP／IP协议以及Z-Stack进行协议融合，提出了基于ZigBee技术的无线传感器网络网关的协议模型，即在同一个MCU中实现了两个不同的协议栈，使用嵌入式C语言在应用层编写程序交换报文。论文最后使用VC。

It can reduce a great deal of consumption of concurrent streams from severs and trunk bandwidth of video live broadcast service on the Internet.

为了能在现有只支持单播的Internet中实现高效率的视频直播服务，研究人员提出了应用层组播传输技术。

The statistical analysis results show that there is significant correlation between file sharing number and sharing space and there is weak correlation between application layer bandwidth and peer daily online time.

统计分析表明文件共享数目与共享空间存在显著的相关关系，应用层带宽与日均在线时长则存在弱相关关系。

CEQRP can provide QoS guarantee and is aimed at extending the battery"s lifetime at each node by selecting the nodes with a longb attery"s remaining lifetime to forward packets. Simulation results show that CEQRP has good network performance. Furthermore, CEQRP shows distinct performance advantages in using a nodes electric energy efficiently. 4. The issue about optimal UDP packet size for mobile Ad Hoc networks when transmitting CBR traffic is studied.

基于无线Ad Hoc网络的特性，提出了适用于无线Ad Hoc网络的路由协议CEQRP(Cost-Efficient QoS Routing Protocol)，该协议不仅能为应用层提供QoS保证，而且能充分利用网络中剩余能量高的节点来中转分组，从而达到有效利用节点的电能、提高网络&寿命&的目的。

In DHT system,the maintenance overhead is relatively high and topo is not aware.

针对目前DHT系统较高的维护开销、应用层网络与物理网络的拓扑失配等不足，提出一种基于分层DHT的拓扑感知流媒体体系TA-chord2。

Since historical times,England ,where the early inhabitants were Celts, has been conquered three times .

从有历史以来，英国，在此地早期居住的是凯尔特人，已经被征服了三次。

Bluetooth OBEX File Transfer Enables the sending and receiving of files on your phone via Bluetooth.

蓝牙OBEX文件移动允许经过蓝牙传送和接受文件。。。。