平面

Although the theories for plane deformation of thick-walled tube are abundant, there is few model based on the spatial formulation which is an intrinsic feature of swage autofrettage. After a review on the Davidson's experiment and his theory, as well as recent researches in China, We has solved the problem in three steps

第一章综述了塑性力学中厚壁筒平面问题的模型和六十年代初Davidson用于指导他的机械自紧实验研究的准平面模型，以及国内近年来已开始研究的将平面解答延拓到机械自紧问题中去的切块法。

Firstly, the average equation under first,and second order of Van der pol-Mathieu-Duffing system are obtained through theatric methods. According to the stability criteria, the physical parameter plane is divided into different regions, associated with different types of steady state solutions, which are proved by employing numerical methods.

本文首先通过理论分析得到了Van der pol-Mathieu-Duffing方程在一、二阶近似下的定常解，分析了平均方程在不同参数平面内的幅值响应曲线，根据解的稳定性判据得到了物理参数平面上的分岔集以及定常运动在相应平面的分布情况，详细分析了该系统在各个区域内的动力学特性。

And then the classical conclusion drawn from the voltage vector diagram can serve as a straight and convenient guide to the research and operation analysis of the impedance protection.

因两种图形方法所在的复平面不同，故建立电压平面与阻抗平面的几何关系，以利采用电压相量图法所得的经典结论，对阻

According to two logical judgements, the relation of the semi-infinite plane strain problem and semi-infinite spatial problem is found through analyzing the classical answer of wedge, semi-infinite plane, cone and semi-infinite spatial etc. The Flament answer of semi-infinite plane strain problem and the Boussinesq answer of semi-infinite spatial problem are confinable from the relation.

根据两个合理的判断依据，对弹性力学中的楔形体、半平面体、圆锥体和半空间体等经典解答进行了比较分析，发现了半无限平面应变问题和半空间体问题解答之间的关系；通过对解答之间的关系进行研究分析指出，弹性力学中的半无限平面体的符拉芒解答和半空间体的布希涅斯克解答存在局限性。

Based on the tooth profile plane model's boundary scope and the geometry dimension of the transmission gear, the paper calculates every point's Cartesian coordinate in all parts of tooth profile, such as addendum arc, involute, dedendum easement curve, axle hole arc and other boundary line section.

最后根据齿廓的几何尺寸和五类齿廓平面模型的边界范围，计算齿廓各部分，即齿顶圆圆弧段、渐开线段、齿根过渡曲线段、轴孔圆圆弧段和齿廓平面模型上其他边界线段上点的坐标，并连接这些点生成各部分线段，从而生成齿廓平面模型。

The thesis introduces the concept of standard wall to discuss the effect of hight width ratio to the out of plan endurability of wall so as to improve the calculation method of out of plan edurability analysis of wall,and further more expand this method to the calculation of out of plan endurability of wall limb and wall limb with wall column.

该文为考虑壁板宽高比对平面外承载能力的影响，引进标准壁板概念，完善了井塔壁板平面外承载能力计算方法。并将该方法推广于墙肢和带壁柱墙肢平面外承载能力计算。还研究了墙肢、壁板扣除翼缘及壁柱截面的内力转换问题。

This thesis investigates the profile extraction and shape optimization on the result of topology optimization of planar compliant mechanisms. The main context includes the following work:(1) summarizing and analyzing the recent research status, some harvest and unsolved problems;(2) analyzing the conceptual design of planar path-generating compliant mechanisms and its mathematical model and tools;(3) Modifying the method of density contour as the method of profile extraction, and developing a method to optimize the density function in the profile extraction according to the requirement of the design of compliant mechanism;(4) developing a method to abstract the compliant mechanism into a form of links and joints by using the principle of connectivity on topology;(5) developing a method of shape optimization of planar path-generating compliant mechanisms, by representing the profile of the abstracted compliant mechanism as simple curves such as straight lines and arcs, establishing the models of the size optimization of the parameters of these curves, so that the compliant mechanism has a machinable shape;(6) At last, proving the feasibleness and effectiveness of the design method by making simulation design and validating it in FEA software.

主要工作包括：(1)分析了柔顺机构拓扑优化和形状优化的研究现状，分析了目前柔顺机构的研究重点、主要成果和尚未解决的问题；(2)分析了基于SIMP的柔顺机构概念设计方法及其相关工具和模型；(3)针对柔顺机构轮廓提取的特殊要求，提出了密度等值线法的改进方案，对密度函数插值点密度值进行优化，提出优化模型和选择优化算法；(4)根据轨迹输出平面全柔顺机构自身的形状特点，提出了轨迹输出平面全柔顺机构的抽象方法，即应用拓扑学上的连通性原理将柔顺机构抽象成杆件和结点形式，并对相应的数学原理进行了证明；(5)提出了平面全柔顺机构的形状还原和尺寸优化方法，对抽象的柔顺机构进行还原，将其轮廓还原成简单曲线的连接，从而建立尺寸优化模型，对机构进行尺寸优化设计，在得到可加工的机构轮廓的同时又能对关键部位进行特别处理；(6)进行了柔顺机构的数值仿真设计，并将所得设计结果导入商用有限元软件中进行仿真实验，证明了设计方法的可行性和有效性。

Fixed the provocative locus of genioglossus and its controlling nerve with local anatomy.Estimated obstructive level of pharyngeal cavity by observing muller′s maneuver under fiberolaryngoscope.

结果 ：舌后咽平面狭窄或阻塞，所测呼吸紊乱指标均明显下降(P 。0 5 )，血氧饱和度显著提高(P 。0 5 )，临床症状改善；RTBP及腭咽多平面混合狭窄和阻塞仅部分指标改善；PP平面狭窄或阻塞，各指标均无改善；影响睡眠的指标无升高。

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells are capable of chondrogenesis, making them a possible source of cells for injectable cartilage tissue engineering. There exist different ideas on the ability of mesenchymal stem cells's chondrogenesis in monolayer culture. Because of this, the effect of adult rabbit's bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells chondrogenesis in monolayer culture was studied. The mesenchymal stem cells was isolated from adult rabbit's bone marrow and monolayer cultured. TGF-β1, Vit-C and Dexamethasone were used. Immunohistochemistry analyses and histological staining of H-E, Methylaniline blue and Alcian blue were performed to identify the expression of collagen type Ⅱ and cartilage associated matrix. The results showed that the induced cells expressed and produced collagen type Ⅱ and cartilage associated matrix. This suggests that the differentiation of adult rabbit's marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocyte in monolayer culture is feasible and may be induced by TGF-β1, Vit-C and Dexamethasone.

骨髓基质干细胞的软骨分化潜能使其可能成为可注射组织工程化软骨研究的种子细胞，为探讨体外培养的骨髓基质干细胞在平面诱导条件下软骨分化的可行性，我们进行下列实验：获取并体外平面培养成体兔骨髓基质干细胞，应用TGF-β〓、Vit-C和地塞米松对其软骨分化诱导，诱导后的骨髓基质干细胞行细胞爬片组织学和Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化，结果证实，诱导后骨髓基质干细胞可分泌Ⅱ型胶原，组织学染色可见类似于软骨细胞，由此证明体外培养的骨髓基质干细胞在平面诱导条件下可以软骨分化，其软骨诱导因子为TGF-β〓、Vit-C和地塞米松。

MethodsFrom January 2003 to June 2008, 109 (98 males and 11 females) cases of severe OSAHS were treated with UPPP. All patients were checked with a fiber optic laryngoscope of Muller and X-ray or CT for upper air flue when they were in a waking state to locate the collapse level (oropharyngeal and palatopharyngeal level, most of them had an obstruction on the oropharyngeal level). After the UPPP, they were sent to the ICU and monitored with trachea cannula for 1 to 2days.

方法对重度OSAHS患者行UPPP联合舌骨悬吊术109例，每例患者术前均行清醒状态纤维喉镜下Muller检查、上气道的X线片或上气道CT测量，术前确定阻塞平面为腭-咽及舌-咽平面，但以舌-咽平面为主，均行UPPP联合舌骨悬吊术，术后均于ICU保留气管插管监护1～2d。

Chrysanthemum of 10 thousand birthday is lax to edaphic requirement, with the arenaceous qualitative loam with fecund, good drainage had better.

万寿菊对土壤要求不严，以肥沃。排水良好的砂质壤土为好。

He unstepped the mast and furled the sail and tied it.

他拔下桅杆，把帆卷起，系住。