工程经济

Although its program project approving already considered investment source is little, raise money the element such as funds difficulty, but the phasic need that builds development by force of rural base again, eager for quick success and instant benefit, disregard technical standard, violate the order of nature, item of achievement in one's post is made on problem of project project approving, apply to project technology index " administrative give the final decision ", to the project investment amount is pressed crowdedly, forcedly by force, or execute construction of edge design, edge, edge to prepare funds " 3 edges " project, lack economy of due project project technology to analyse.

其规划立项虽已考虑到投资来源少、筹措经费困难等因素，但是又迫于农村基础建设发展的形势需要，急功近利、不顾技术规范、违反自然规律，在工程立项问题上搞政绩项目，对项目技术指标施行&行政拍板&，对项目投资总额强挤、硬压，或实行边设计、边施工、边筹经费的&三边&工程，缺乏应有的工程项目技术经济分析。

The horizontal swirling flow internal dissipater tunnel being built in Gongboxia Power Station will be the first one reconstructed from a diversion tunnel whose dischargereaches to 1000m Vs and water head is more than 100m in china . Its schemes argumentation ,test research and future apply will have important meanings to the design .research and engineering application of internal dissipation discharge tunnel with swirling flow, will powerfully promote engineering application of this new kind of dissipation mode , which may solve some high velocity problems in high dam construction and provide a engineering example for technological and economical augmentation in a diversion tunnel reconstruction. It is of theoretical and practical importance to promote hydraulic structure researches and development.

公伯峡水电站右岸旋流内消能泄洪洞是国内第一个泄量达1000m／s、水头超过100m，即将修建的旋流式内消能泄洪洞，其方案的论证与试验研究以及建成后投入使用，将在国内外旋流式内消能泄洪洞设计、研究与工程应用中具有重要的意义，将有力的推动这一新的消能形式在工程中的应用，从而为解决高坝建设中泄水建筑物的高速水流问题与导流洞改建的技术与经济问题提供工程实例，对推动与发展水工水力学的研究与发展均具有重要的理论与实践意义。

Limited by the condition, there are many problems in the fire protection design of enlargeable engineering. The central question of this paper is to present a fire protection design plan which is safe, reliable, rational and economic. The requirement to the plan is not only to satisfy the national fire technical standard of engineering construction, but also to combine the actual state of the weather, geology, filed size, general engineering such as the water supplying, power supplying, air-in, heating and the level of the fire defending.

怎样按照国家有关工程建设消防技术标准并结合拟建工程的现场气象、地质、场地大小条件和供水、供电、供汽、供热等公用工程以及消防保卫的现状，提出安全、可靠、合理、经济的消防设计方案是本文研究的中心问题。

Engineering geological environment evaluation relation to naturalism, economy, environment, engineering etc and various factors have variant influence degree. Presently, most of cities in China use method of qualitative analysis in engineering geological environment evaluation and this method has many shortcomings, such as need great investigation workload, difficultly unified standards, lowly spatialization accuracy, quantitative study is not easy and with great subjectivity in city planning.

城市工程地质环境评价涉及到自然、经济、环境、工程等多方面，且各因素对评价目标的影响程度也不同，而目前我国大部分城市在进行工程地质环境评价时多采用定性分析的方法，这种方法的调查工作量大，标准较难统一，空间定位精度较差，不易进行定量研究，使城市规划工作带有较大的主观性。

Based on this, it optimizes the model and the elevation of upstream and downstream cofferdam. It studies the design of the bedding course of the downstream concrete slab protection slop of overflow cofferdam. It puts forward relevant risk rate"s calculation models, and gives the risk rate"s calculation methods. Chapter 4 synthetically considers the key-points and difficulties of Shuibuya Hydropower diversion. It carries out diversion scheme suitable for Shuibuya high concrete facing rockfill dam.

对土石过水围堰下游砼板护坡反滤层设计进行了研究，提出反滤层设计的风险模型，并给出了风险率的计算方法；第四章在综合考虑水布垭导流与度汛工程的重点与难点及工程布置、施工要求的基础上，经多方案技术经济比较，研究确定了适合水布垭高面板堆石坝工程特征的导流与度汛方案。

Shanghai Lingang New City, deputy director of the CMC, the Shanghai Lingang Economic Development Co., Ltd., chairman of Liu Ping, the current passenger vehicle Lingang Industrial area, the key pieces of the ship, power generation and transmission and distribution equipment, marine engineering equipment such as self-innovation-based equipment manufacturing base of the development framework has been formed basically, in the passenger vehicle manufacturing base, the SAIC independent innovation and self-brand vehicle and engine production bases have been built; The key pieces of the ship manufacturing base, the China Shipbuilding Mitsui projects, China Shipbuilding Heavy Industry Wartsila projects, Volvo times Tatsu project covers the low, middle and high-speed full range of marine engines, marine equipment, various types of enterprises started to gather support; in power generation and power transmission equipment manufacturing base, the production level of one million kilowatts nuclear power primary equipment, heavy-duty gas turbines, is extremely heavy equipment manufacturing capacity heavy electrical joint plant, as well as 1400 tons lifting capacity of 5000 tons berth conditions electrical Heavy Cargo Wharf has been completed and put into production; in the marine engineering equipment manufacturing base, the China Shipbuilding Group has started building a world-class large marine engineering and shipbuilding professionals supporting base; in the civil aviation industry support base, the China Aviation Industrial Group has signed an agreement with the city government , in the Lingang Industrial Area in Shanghai to set up an air base supporting industries.

上海临港新城管委会副主任、上海临港经济发展有限公司董事长刘家平介绍，目前临港产业区内乘用车整车、船舶关键件、发电及输配电设备、海洋工程设备等自主创新型装备制造业基地的发展框架已基本形成，在乘用车整车制造基地方面，上汽集团自主创新和自主品牌整车及发动机基地已建成投产；在船舶关键件制造基地方面，中船三井项目、中船重工瓦锡兰项目、沃尔沃遍达项目覆盖了低、中、高速全系列船用发动机，各类船用设备配套企业开始集聚；在发电及输变电设备制造基地方面，生产百万千瓦等级核电主设备、重型燃气轮机、具有极端重型装备制造能力的电气重装联合厂房，以及具有1400吨吊装能力、5000吨泊位条件的电气重件码头已建成投产；在海洋工程设备制造基地方面，中船集团已开工建设具有世界一流的大型海洋工程与船舶制造专业配套基地；在民用航空产业配套基地方面，中航工业集团已与市政府签署协议，在临港产业区设立上海民用航空产业配套基地。

Yang ever provided legal services, including mediation, litigation and arbitration of arrearages of project payments and economic disputes of Jiangsu Nantong Third Construction Company, China State Construction Engineering Corporation, Qindao branch of the China Construction Bank, Shangdong Construction Engineering Group and China Third Metallurgical Construction Corporation.

曾代理了江苏南通第三建筑公司、中国建筑工程总公司、建设银行青岛市分行、山东省建设建工集团、中国第三冶金建设工程公司等单位的工程欠款和经济纠纷的调解、诉讼、仲裁法律事务。

This paper firstly analyzes its reason, some main control ways, then come to the writer's view that we should make full use of supervision's experience on technique and management, control effetely from beginning, on-going, and end of project, and control from material, construction method , and give help to the contractor both on technique and finance. The writer's discussion basing on supervision control theory, detail introduces some quality control methods.

本文着重分析了在大体积混凝土工程中裂缝产生的原因，并指出易发生问题的几个关键环节，认为单一依靠承包单位的管理是不能保障这个关键分项工程的顺利实施，提出应当充分发挥监理企业在技术上和管理上积累的经验，从施工准备阶段入手，在事前、事中和事后等环节采取有效的控制措施，特别是对原材料严加控制，对施工方案认真审核，对关键的控制环节措施到位，从技术上、经济上帮助承包单位确定合理的施工方案，防止温度裂缝给工程带来的隐患，确保大体积混凝土的施工正常有序的进行。

The working property of highway project cost decided engineer of outstanding highway project cost must be compound model talent --, have level of excellent highway project technology already, have taller economic government ability again, have good professional morality even at the same time.

公路工程造价的工作性质决定了优秀的公路工程造价工程师必须是复合型人才———既有过硬的公路工程技术水平，又有较高的经济治理能力，同时还要有良好的职业道德。

The article describes the People's Liberation Army 61330 units of new affordable housing projects in foundation pit of the program selection, design and construction process, micro-steel pipe pile prestressed anchor soil nail wall, composite soil nailing wall system in actual engineering China has gained a relatively good results, indicating their deep foundation pit has a large technical and economic advantages.

微型钢管桩复合土钉墙支护体系在深基坑中的应用，工程建筑论文，工学论文本文介绍了人民解放军61330部队驻新适用住房工程基坑支护的方案选择、设计和施工过程，微型钢管桩预应力锚杆土钉墙的复合土钉墙支护体系在实际工程中实践中取得了比较理想的效果，说明其在深基坑支护中具有较大的技术和经济优势。

Chrysanthemum of 10 thousand birthday is lax to edaphic requirement, with the arenaceous qualitative loam with fecund, good drainage had better.

万寿菊对土壤要求不严，以肥沃。排水良好的砂质壤土为好。

He unstepped the mast and furled the sail and tied it.

他拔下桅杆，把帆卷起，系住。