实数

For example, the quasigroup on ''' R ''' with multiplication given by ('' x ''+''y'')/2 is isotopic to the additive group '''R''', but is not itself a group.

比如说，实数集合'''R'''与其上的运算(''x''+''y'')/2 构成的拟群同痕于'''R'''上的加法群，但它本身不是群。

The order and time delay of the dynamic model are assumed to be unknown a priori. A time-weighted digital filter is employed to group of linear algebraic equations. The moving horizon least-squares algorithm is then developed to estimate the model parameters in a recursive fashion.

该法应用一时间加权离散滤波器将特定时段内取样的输出入讯号转换成一实数，然后利用不同时段的量测讯号以移动区间递回最小平方演算法来估测模型参数。

Linear algebra also plays an important part in analysis, notably, in the description of higher order derivatives in vector analysis and the study of tensor products and alternating maps.

这样向量可以用来表示物理量比如比力，可以做加法或和标量做乘法。如此形成了第一个例子：实数向量空间。

The algorithm used to implement fast Fourier transform of real-valued with complex-valued Fourier algorithm and the algorithm used to compensate the decaying direct current with arbitrary decay time parameter are deduced in detail.

对其中的一种用复序列DFT算法分析实数序列的算法和一种用来对具有任意衰减时间参数的衰减直流分量进行补偿的算法进行了详细推导。

The fact that a real number might have two different decimal representations is merely a reflection of the fact that two different sets of real numbers can have the same supremum.

一个实数可以有两种不同的小数表示法，仅仅是两个不同的实数集合可以有相同的最小上界的一个反映。

The fact that a real number might have two different decimal representations is merely a reflection of the fact that two different sets of real numbers can have the same supremum.）refApostol p.12/ref /blockquote

汤姆·阿波斯托尔得出结论： blockquote 一个实数可以有两种不同的小数表示法，仅仅是两个不同的实数集合可以有相同的最小上界的一个反映。

An improved real-code genetic algorithm is designed with different cross, selection and variation operators, aiming at overcoming its inherent shortcomings of premature, dead state convergence and weak mountain climbing during function optimization.

针对实数编码在进行数值优化时固有的过早收敛、停滞现象和弱的爬山能力等缺点，通过设计不同的交叉、变异算子，提出了一种改进的实数编码遗传算法。

In Chapter 2,we investigate the construction and dimension character-ization of fractal curves in the plane.The method proposed by Bush et al,yielding nondifferentiable continuous functions,is first extended to more gen-eral cases.

第二章研究平面分形曲线的构造及维数刻划问题，首先将Bush等人利用实数的b进制小数构造无处可微函数的方法发展到更一般的情形，借助于实数的Cantor级数表达式，构造了一类广泛的无处可微连续函数，使得Bush等人所构造的函数成为本文所构造函数类的特殊形式。

Transreal arithmetic is total – every operation of.

超广义实数算术是实数算术的扩展。

The contents of the abstract of the short Communication is:"The paper gives a complete differential partition to a Euclidean straight line with a fixed frame, and three axioms for the integral of infinitesimals indexed by real numbers; proves in standard mathematics there are positive infinitesimals outside of real number set; Gives cosmic, macro and micro counterexamples to two axioms in Jordan, Carathéodory, and Lebesgue measure theory; transforms Weierstrass limit into Huang limit, Cantor continuum into Huang continuum, and Newton-Leibniz formula into Huang formula."

这个短的发言的摘要的内容如下：&此文对一条确定了固定标架的欧几里德直线给出了完整的微分分拆，并对以实数为标号的无穷小的积分给出了三条公理；在标准数学中证明了在实数集合之外存在正的无穷小；对若当，卡拉特欧多里和勒贝格测度论中的两条公理给出了宇观的，宏观的和微观的反例；将外尔斯特拉斯极限改进为黄氏极限，将康托连续统改进为黄氏连续统，和将牛顿－莱布尼茨公式改进为黄氏公式。&

Objective To investigate the effects of interleukin-1 β converting enzyme gene on the biologic characteristics of ovarian cancer cells.

目的 探讨白细胞介素-1 β转换酶的表达，对卵巢癌细胞生物学特性的影响。

Campylobacter: This illness is the most commonly identified cause of diarrheal illness in the world.

弯曲：这种病是最常见的原因查明腹泻病，在世界上。