发射前的

The first three had a battery of eight launchers in the forward deck. The last ship of the class, commissioned the Baku in 1987, was built to a modified design and had no less than 12 launchers.

前3艘在前甲板上有一组8联装发射器，最后一艘，1987年服役的巴库号，进行了改进，有不少于12个发射器。

It is shown in this research that:① The acoustic emission phenomena of rock discontinuously occur under the effect of temperature.

试验研究表明：①随着温度升高，岩石的声发射现象是间断发生的；②花岗岩存在一个开始发生热破裂的门槛值温度，其值为120 ℃左右；③试验温度范围内花岗岩热破裂的声发射现象可分为5个阶段，即岩石原生裂隙整合阶段、热破裂前声发射静默阶段、热破裂声发射阶段、大规模热破裂后声发射静默阶段、二次热破裂开始阶段。

In the same way failure area is not single andis more complex with decrease of scale of specimens. And failure shape ismore close to quasi-brittle failure. It varies with homogeneousness that thescale of specimens at which failure shape changes.(3) The failure shape of homogeneous specimens with crack is controlledby crack. But that of heterogeneous specimens with crack is controlled bycrack and heterogeneousness.(4) Acoustic emission doesnt appear until homogeneous specimens fail.

但对于不同均质度，试件破坏形态发生变化的尺度也不同；(3)对于均质度较高的含裂纹试件，试件的破坏形态主要受裂纹控制，而对于均质度较差的含裂纹试件，试件的破坏形态由试件材料的非均匀性和裂纹共同控制；(4)均质度较高的试件，破坏前，试件内不出现声发射，破坏瞬间，声发射在某些部位同时出现，且随尺度增大，试件声发射能量增大，声发射区趋于集中。

But internal reflections an the boundaries of active medium can drastically enhance the onset of ASE, particularly if these reflections lead to a close path, i.e., a ray that is reflected upon itself. In the case, we have a strong feedback mechanism and as soon as the gain in the laser medium exceeds the reflection losses parasitic oscillations will set in.

但自发辐射的存在使得放大器工作介质会在信号光到达前开始发射激光，并且工作介质边缘的内反射能显著增大ASE的发射，尤其当这些反射能导致产生封闭路径时更是这样，当激光介质内的增益超过损耗时，就建立起寄生振荡。

The presacral haemostatic thumbtack projector is more quickly and has better therapeutic effect than tradition thumbtack in controlling presacral bleeding, and this new appliance could be used and advocated in clinic step by step.

使用骶前止血钉发射器对骶前大出血的止血速度比钉堵法快，止血效果好，是一种临床上可逐步应用与推广的新型止血器械。

Excitation functions of neutron, proton and α particle emission prior to scission measured in the reactions 28 Si+ 164,167,170 Er→ 192,195,198 Pb are studied using an extensive fission diffusion model and it is found that the model can well describe the trend of particle multiplicities of Pb isotopes measured experimentally as a function of the bombarding energy,which indicates the existence of isotope effects in prescission particle emission.

用推广的裂变扩散模型研究了2 8Si+16 4，16 7，170 Er→192 ，195，198Pb反应中测量的断前中子、质子和α粒子多重性的激发函数。发现扩散模型能很好地拟合这些轻粒子多重性随裂变系统激发能和Pb同位素的变化趋势。表明断前粒子发射存在一个同位素效应。进而在一个考虑了裂变过程中摩擦效应的统计模型的框架内，在In和Er这两个元素的同位素链中，考察了同位素效应与裂变碎片质量不对称性和裂变系统尺度的关系。计算结果表明：同位素效应的存在不依赖于裂变系统的大小和不对称性。此外，当裂变系统具有高的中质比时，轻带电粒子发射将不再敏感于裂变延迟时间的长短，而中子发射则非常敏感。

Devising and making the presacral haemostatic thumbtack projector had been successfully achieved. 2. Haemostasis time was 12.25±10.69 seconds in EG, and it was 26.00±11.52 seconds in CG (p=0.01); EG have better haemostatic effect than CG (p=0.03); However, the results of the amount of bleeding, the death rate related to the operation, the numbers of thumbtacks in two group didnt have any statistical significance.

结果：1、骶前止血钉发射器及骶前止血钉的制造是成功可行的。2、实验组术中止血时间为12.25±10.69秒、对照组术中止血时间26.00±11.52秒，实验组显著短于对照组(p=0.01)；实验组术中止血效果比对照组好(p=0.03)；实验组与对照组术中出血量、手术相关死亡率及术中所用止血钉数之间的实验结果比较无统计学意义。

This thesis proposes a kind of soft firing technology , which combines interior ballistics with atmospheric pressure transmission theory , utilizing the energy of advancing primer ignition of piston promoting pill to counteract the counterforce of firing pill , utilizing unilateral valve on the piston to adjust automatically the gas pressures of two connected chamber in series in front and at the back of the piston, thus achieving the goal of reducing composition of forces of gun bore and increasing initial velocity of pill.

本论文提出一种软发射技术，是将气压传动理论和经典内弹道学相结合，利用活塞推动弹丸前冲击发的能量来抵消发射弹丸所产生的反作用力，利用活塞上的单向阀自动调节活塞前后两个串联药室的气体压力，从而达到减小炮膛合力和提高弹丸初速的目的。

The results are:(1) Samples without straight radial grain have more hits and increasing faster than samples with straight radial grain, but before fracture hits count is not much different.

最后得出以下结论：(1)径向纹理不通直的试件比通直的声发射撞击数要多，而且增加的趋势较快，但是在试件断裂前，声发射撞击数相差不大。

The earliest prototypes of the A-91 bullpup were fitted with the grenade launcher above the barrel, and with a front vertical foregrip; current models are fitted with the underbarrel launcher, which also serves as a forearm.

的A最早的原型，91小斗犬在车上装了上述桶榴弹发射器，与前端垂直前握把，当前的模型与underbarrel发射，这也为前臂服务装置。

At the rear was an innovative combination transaxle with the gearbox, clutch, differential, and inboard-mounted drum brakes.

在后面是与变速箱，离合器，差的创新结合变速，和内侧安装鼓式制动器。

For more people can apprecaite and have the master work, there is reproduction painting appears in the market, the large various selection of paint,the high saturation of color plus the plentiful sfumato, to make the reproduction perfect copy and detail as original painting, so as to meet the requirment of amateurs who love art paintings,they do not need to pay high price to get classical paintings.

颜料色域广，色彩饱和度高，色彩层次丰富，图像色彩还原真实，能完美的复制原作，满足艺术爱好者欣赏，艺术爱好者们不用支付昂贵的价格就能拥有经典油画。