反驳者

The steady habit of correcting and completing his own opinion by collating it with those of others, so far from causing doubt and hesitation in carrying it into practice, is the only stable foundation for a just reliance on it: for, being cognisant of all that can, at least obviously, be said against him, and having taken up his position against all gainsayers—knowing that he has sought for objections and difficulties, instead of avoiding them, and has shut out no light which can be thrown upon the subject from any quarter—he has a right to think his judgment better than that of any person, or any multitude, who have not gone through a similar process.

保有一种稳定的习惯要借着与他人的意见相校证来使自己的意见得以改正和完备，只要不致在付诸实行中造成迟疑和犹豫，这是可以对那意见寄以正当信赖的唯一的稳固基础。总之，一个人既经知道了一切能够说出来的反对他的言语，而又采取了反对一切反驳者的地位——深知自己是寻求反驳和质难而不是躲避它们，深知自己没有挡蔽能够从任何方面投到这题目上来的任何光亮——这时他就有权利认为自己的判断是比那没有经过类似过程的任何人或任何群的判断较好一些。

There are many reasons, doubtless, why doctrines which are the badge of a sect retain more of their vitality than those common to all recognised sects, and why more pains are taken by teachers to keep their meaning alive; but one reason certainly is, that the peculiar doctrines are more questioned, and have to be oftener defended against open gainsayers.

说到为什么作为某一教派所独有的标志的教义要比一切公认教派所共有的教义能够保留较多的生命力，为什么从事宣教的人们要对后者保持其意义的生动性就感到较多的苦难，这无疑有许多的理由；但确定有一个理由是，凡独特的教义都遭受较多的问难，都必需较经常地在公开的反驳者面前为自己辩护。

Graf, without question, is the greatest women's player in history.

格拉芙，现在，毫无疑问是女子网坛历史上最伟大的选手。

If not, you will have to look around at all your important data.

如果没有，您将需要检查所有的重要数据。