原理

Lasers characteristic as a shock wave drive and the advantages of KrF laser are explained. Finally, the progress at home and abroad is enumerated.In chapter two, the basic principle of the EOS study is introduced. Specially, the impedance mismatch effect of the double-layer flyer is mentioned here. It is the primary theoretical basis of this paper.In chapter three, a one-dimension, three-temperature hydrodynamic code HYADES is introduced briefly. it is used to make a qualitative analysis about how the thickness of ablator affect the flyer velocities and stability.In chapter four, the experimental setup is described.

第一章为绪论部分，简要总结了状态方程研究的历史，激光作为冲击波驱动源的特点和KrF激光的优势，以及国内外的进展情况；第二章是本工作的理论基础，讨论了冲击波物理和雨贡纽曲线测量的基本原理和方法，重点介绍了激光飞片法的特点、关键要素和双层飞片的阻抗失配效应，鉴于KrF激光短波长和长脉宽的特点，我们拟对双层飞片的特性展丌研究工作，为实测状态方程做好准备；第三章简单介绍了一维三温流体力学数值模拟程序Hyades并运用它进行了若干状态方程实验的计算和设计，进行了烧蚀层厚度对飞片速度、稳定性的影响的定性分析；第四章是实验平台描述部分，介绍了光束平滑化技术，靶的制作，条纹相机的原理和使用，系统同步控制以及光学记录速度干涉仪系统的简单原理和构成。

Laser's characteristic as a shock wave drive and the advantages of KrF laser are explained. Finally, the progress at home and abroad is enumerated.In chapter two, the basic principle of the EOS study is introduced. Specially, the impedance mismatch effect of the double-layer flyer is mentioned here. It is the primary theoretical basis of this paper.In chapter three, a one-dimension, three-temperature hydrodynamic code HYADES is introduced briefly. it is used to make a qualitative analysis about how the thickness of ablator affect the flyer velocities and stability.In chapter four, the experimental setup is described.

第一章为绪论部分，简要总结了状态方程研究的历史，激光作为冲击波驱动源的特点和KrF激光的优势，以及国内外的进展情况；第二章是本工作的理论基础，讨论了冲击波物理和雨贡纽曲线测量的基本原理和方法，重点介绍了激光飞片法的特点、关键要素和双层飞片的阻抗失配效应，鉴于KrF激光短波长和长脉宽的特点，我们拟对双层飞片的特性展丌研究工作，为实测状态方程做好准备；第三章简单介绍了一维三温流体力学数值模拟程序Hyades并运用它进行了若干状态方程实验的计算和设计，进行了烧蚀层厚度对飞片速度、稳定性的影响的定性分析；第四章是实验平台描述部分，介绍了光束平滑化技术，靶的制作，条纹相机的原理和使用，系统同步控制以及光学记录速度干涉仪系统的简单原理和构成。

To make paper more systematic and practical, this paper has first introduced the development history of CT equipment, then, elaborate construction of system and theworking principle of CT equipment systematically, including the property of X-ray, the absorption law of X-ray for materials, the reconstruction principle of CT image, the structure of software and hardware for CT equipment. Finally, with 2 CT systems that we used, statistic and analysis of all the malfunctions which have carried out in passed 10 years was given, and according to the systematic parts of fault located, classify the malfunctions, then elaborate their working principle one by one, analyze the regularity and the characteristic of each malfunction, and put forward specific prevention method and measure for the malfunction.

为了使论文更具系统性和实用性，本论文首先介绍了CT设备的发展史，然后比较系统地阐述CT设备的工作原理及系统结构，包括X射线的特性和物质对x射线的吸收规律，CT图像的重建原理，CT设备的软、硬件结构等，最后以我们所使用的2台CT为例，对10余年来所出现的故障进行了全面的统计分析，并按故障所处的系统部件进行分类，然后逐个阐述其工作原理，分析其故障的特点和规律，并就这些故障提出具体的预防方法和措施。

In this paper we have point out the error of principle formula quoted by all literatures at home and abroad to measure the refractive angle and the method of V-prism, derive from beginning the right formula of measuring refractive index by the method of minimum deviation angle and the method of V-prism.

本文指出了测量光学材料折射率的最小偏向角法和V棱镜法国内外所有文献的原理公式误差，重新推导了最小偏向角法和V棱镜法测量折射率的正确公式。基于最小偏向角法用精密测角仅可以获得±3×10-6的折射率的测量精度，然而，这些文献沿用经典的测量原理公式却具有-4×10－4数量级的原理公式误差，因此导致错误的测量结果。

And thaw, and cell fusion; Understanding the principles and operation procedures for autoradiograph; Mastering the skills of writing experiment reports and graphic drawing under microscope.

本课程是农业与生物学院本科学生的一门实验课程，本课程主要内容包括：掌握和了解普通光学显微镜、几种特殊显微镜和电镜的一般原理和使用方法；掌握显微镜临时标本的制备，会进行显微测量、细胞计数和染色体观察；初步观察细胞生理现象、细胞化学成分显示、染色体标本制备；掌握细胞培养、细胞冻存与复苏、细胞融合等技术的原理和方法；了解细胞放射自显影技术的原理和操作步骤；掌握实验报告的书写和镜下绘图的技能。

We also give the showing style of these principles in Banach space and give some applied examples of them.

第三章讨论了等度连续原理、一致有界原理以及Banach-Steinhaus型定理的最新研究结果，给出了这些原理在Banach空间上的表现形式，并举出一些应用例子。

Firstly the basic principle of OFDM and its anti-multi-path-fading are briefly introduced in this paper. Then basing on this point, we researched the basic principle, the coding designing and the algorithm of the signal detection of these MIMO-OFDM systems. At the same time, the performances of STBC-OFDM and SFBC-OFDM were analyzed and simulated under short wave circumstance, and got some useful conclusions, they have certain reference value for more research of short wave communication in future.

本文首先介绍了OFDM系统的基本原理以及它对抗多径的基本原理，然后在此基础上，对其所形成的几种MIMO-OFDM系统的基本工作原理，码字设计以及相应的信号检测算法进行了研究，详细分析研究了STBC-OFDM和SFBC-OFDM系统的性能并在短波信道下对其性能进行了仿真和对比分析，得出了有用的结论，这对以后短波通信的深入研究具有参考价值。

Mainly the application of boll beany; Assiting system with the control of open-loop system and its working prinples; The design of the whole machine structure and it advantages and disadvantages; The design of the numerically controlled device ,and its control principles.

此设计主要对数控磨床的机构进行设计，了解单片机的工作原理，主要有以下几个方面：X、Y工作台的传动机构设计，主要是滚珠丝杠的运用；伺服系统应用开环控制，了解它的工作原理；机床整体结构的设计，了解优缺点，充分考虑主要矛盾，择优选取；数控装置的设计，了解其控制原理。

The results of theoretical analysis and experiments indicate that in the frequency band of 10 to 3 000 MHz and voltage range of 0.1 to 2 V,the uncertainty is 0.25% to 0.7% and the confidence level is 99.73%. Metrology ; Voltage standard ; Bolovac ; Thin film bolometric bridge with resistance regulation network circuit ; Double thin film bolometer ; RF mount ; Uncertainty evaluation

在近期的技术改造[2]中，我们研制出电阻臂可变的自动平衡电桥，重新研制了双薄膜测热电阻，建立了射频电压自动校准系统，从而使该基准的计量性能有了很大提高，其主要技术指标如下：测量范围为0·1~2·0V；频率范围为10~3 000MHz；不确定度为0·25%~0·7%(k=3)；工作方式为自动测试。2工作原理和构成2.1工作原理射频电压基准是建立在功率替代原理的基础

Specialized introduction: This specialized raise has the electronic technology and the information system elementary knowledge, can be engaged in each kind of electronic installation and the information system research, the design, the manufacture, the application and the development higher project technology talented person Main curriculum: The signal and the system, the digital signal processing, the correspondence principle, the microcomputer principle and the connection technology, the monolithic integrated circuit principle and the application technology, the DSP technology and the application, the EDA technology, the construction of data, embedded Linux using the programming, the feeling measure technical, the electric circuit theory series curriculum, the computer technology series curriculum and so on individual hobby * software and hardware research and development computer correspondence literature ping pong photography The experience and the personal experience * 2006.6.29-7.8 compile the staff management system management system using the C language, its basic service activity includes: The staff information warehousing, the revision, the inquiry, the insertion, deletes the staff information and so on * 2006.7.10-7.20 monolithic integrated circuit curriculum design period completes the stopwatch the design, namely the initialization timer is 99:99, 0 starts using the monolithic integrated circuit timer fixed time, fixed time arrives when 0s to transmit the signal to cause the buzzer bell, and may realize suspends, the continuation and the replacement function * 2007.7.2- 7.8 practises in Luoyang Big dragon Peony Communication facility Limited company, does has liquid crystal display monitor telephone one, simultaneously visited has served under somebody's banner the correspondence company, and studied has simulated the telephone the design electric circuit, had understood its basic principle * 2007.7.4- 7.18 completed the DSP curriculum in the school to design, realizes the FIR numeral filter, namely transmitted 25 from DSPThe height level, after advocates AC01 D/A to transform the simulation square-wave, then passes to again from AC01 carries on A/D to transform, produces the data signal, after the DSP numeral filter, finally produces the sine wave * 2008.8.1-8.15 to practise in the Zhejiang Jiang hua abundant power tool limited company, studies the computer software and hardware maintenance.

专业介绍：本专业培养具备电子技术和信息系统的基础知识，能从事各类电子设备和信息系统的研究、设计、制造、应用和开发的高等工程技术人才主要课程：信号与系统、数字信号处理、通信原理、微机原理与接口技术、单片机原理与应用技术、DSP技术及应用、EDA技术、数据结构、嵌入式Linux应用编程、感测技术、电路理论系列课程、计算机技术系列课程等个人爱好＊软硬件研发计算机通信文学乒乓球摄影实践经验及个人经历＊ 2006.6.29-7.8 利用C语言编写员工管理系统，其基本业务活动包括：员工信息入库，修改、查询、插入、删除员工信息等＊ 2006.7.10-7.20 单片机课程设计期间完成秒表的设计，即初始化定时器为99：99，利用单片机定时器0开始定时，定时到0s时发送信号使蜂鸣器响铃，并可实现暂停、继续和复位功能＊ 2007.7.2- 7.8 在洛阳巨龙牡丹通信设备有限公司实习，做有液晶显示屏电话机一部，同时参观了旗下通信公司，并学习了模拟电话的设计电路，懂得了其基本原理＊ 2007.7.4- 7.18 在校完成DSP课程设计，实现FIR数字滤波，即从DSP发送25个高低电平，经主AC01 D/A 转换成模拟方波，然后再传给从AC01进行A/D转换，生成数据信号，经DSP数字滤波，最后生成正弦波＊ 2008.8.1-8.15 在浙江华丰电动工具有限公司实习，学习电脑软硬件维护。

The big eared hedgehog, the little owl, the sand gecko, the three-toed jerboa, and every show needs a villain - saw-scale - the viper!

大耳刺猬，小猫头鹰，沙壁虎，三趾跳鼠，每场戏都需要反派角色：蝰蛇。

Plasmodiophora brassicae ; resting spores ; density gradient centrifugation of sucrose ; ultrasonic disruption

根肿；休眠孢子；蔗糖密度梯度离心；超声波破碎