单元的

Then the boundary element integral equation of interior and exterior form is deduced in detail, also the form with corner coefficient. The significance for numerical calculation and principle of the singular integral is analyzed, and a non-isoparametric transformation method is presented to calculate weak singular integral and Cauchy integral, the method presented provides us a very simple way to computer the two kinds of singular integral of Helmholtz boundary integral equation, and it is easy to program in computer. After the difficulty of the calculation for multi-frequency of Helmholtz boundary element is explained, a method named SECHIEF (Series Expansion Combined Helmholtz Integral Equation Formulation), which is focused on the computational efficiency, is presented.

对结构声辐射的边界积分方程的内部形式与外部形式进行了详细的推导，给出了角点系数的计算方法与边界积分方程的形式，在此基础上，分析了奇异积分产生的原理及其对数值计算的重要性，提出了一种计算奇异积分的非等参(来源：Ae8a8BC论文网www.abclunwen.com)单元的变换方法，该方法给Helmholtz 声学边界积分方程中的弱奇异积分与Cauchy 奇异积分的计算以及编程提供了极大便利。

The model consists of an improved Bingham element(a frictional element in parallel with a nonlinear dashpot) in series with a nonlinear spring element and a mass element.

该力学模型由改进的Bingham单元(库仑摩擦单元与非线性粘滞单元并联)、非线性弹簧单元和质量单元串联而成。

An electrophotographic includes a main frame, a photosensitive drum unit having a photosensitive drum and vertically detachably installed on the main frame, a plurality of development units each having a developing roller and detachably installed on the main frame while sliding in a horizontal direction, and a first door openably installed for mounting or dismounting the plurality of development units.

一种电子照相印制机，包括：主框架；感光鼓单元，该感光鼓单元具有感光鼓并沿竖直方向可拆卸地安装在主框架上；多个显影单元，每个显影单元都具有显影辊，可拆卸地安装在主框架上同时能够沿水平方向滑动；第一门，安装成可打开和关闭主框架的一部分以安装或拆卸所述多个显影单元。

Longitudinal reinforcement has been modeled with discrete element and stirrup has been modeled with smeared element. Smeared element, stirrup has been modeled using membrane element in or on concrete isoperimetric element. The constitutive relationship and failure criterion for concrete is the inter-facial model.

在建立钢筋混凝土的有限元模型时，混凝土采用的单元为八节点六面体等参单元，钢筋单元分为两种情况，纵向钢筋采用分离式钢筋单元，箍筋采用埋藏式钢筋单元，即箍筋作为附着在混凝土等参数单元内或单元上的"膜单元"。

In this paper,we give the error expressions of piecewise linear Lagrange polynomial interpolation and piecewise cubic polynomial interpolation using the Taylor expansions.

中文摘要：本文利用Taylor展开得到三角形上线性Lagrange插值和三次Lagrange插值的导数余项公式，对这些余项公式进行分析，给出了两类能以四阶精度逼近被插函数在对称点的导数值的格式，一种是在均匀剖分时其分片线性插值的相邻单元的导数值的后处理格式，一种是在六片强正规剖分时的三次插值在对称点上的导数值的后处理格式，使得在已知原函数在各节点的值后，通过一个简单的线性计算就可得到原函数在对称点的导数的一个超逼近值，将以往提出的平均导数的二阶精度提高到四阶。

The invention also discloses a dynamic skinning device, which includes a event type collection unit including a first monitor unit; a event type and treatment rule unit including a first storage unit, used to store the treatment rule corresponding to the dynamic skinning request; a searching unit including a first searching unit; a skin storage unit and a processing unit.

本发明还公开了一种动态换肤装置，该装置包括：事件类型收集单元，包括第一监测单元；事件类型与处理规则存储单元，包括第一存储单元；用于存储与动态换肤请求对应的处理规则；查找单元，包括第一查找单元；皮肤存储单元；处理单元。

This dissertation was focused on the research about the formation and evolution of NQB from the Late Triassic to the early middle Epoch of Jurassic Period, including integrated analyzing the characteristic of the key stratigraphic surfaces, the time of the key stratigraphy, regional rock straigraphy, biostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy, sedimentary system and depositional facies. On basis of these analysis, a tectonic evolution model have been established for NQB during from the Late Triassic to the early middle Epoch of Jurassic Period.1. After the systematic surface analysis about main stratigraphy units, we found that:(1) the bottom of Xiaochaka formation was comformity with the middle Triassic in the basin, and in the north margin it was deposited and overlapped on the different period stratigraphy before Triassic.(2) The top surface of Xiaochaka formation developed regionally karst and paleo-karst breccia, and was uncomformity with Nadigangri Formation, these things suggest that NQB in Xiaochaka depositing stage was developed from middle Triassic basin, and then an extensive regression occurred, the deposition was over and erosion come into being.(3) The lithologic assemblage, geochemistry, mixed fossils, and stratigraphy overlapping characteristic of Quemocuo Formation in early middle Jurassic indicted that the uncomformity surface was an extension-unconformity.2. Integrated analysis about stratigraphy division and correlation indicted that:(1) the paleontologic assemblage of Xiaochaka formation show its time was Carian -Norian stage of late Triassic. According to it was overlapped by late Triassic Nadigangri Formation, so Xiaochaka formation should be Carian - early Norian stage.(2) the SHRIMP Zircon U-Pb age of Nadigangri formation volcanic rocks wear vary form 216 to 205 Ma, so its time should be Norian, but maybe extended into Rhaetian Stage.(3) The age of its bottom volcanic rocks, the fossil assemblages of its middle and upper members and overlapped by lower Jurassic, indicted the age of Riganpeicuo Formation was Norian - Rhaetian stage. And the same time, the volcanic rocks geochemistry of Nadigangri and Riganpeicuo formation both reflected that they wear formed in rift tectonic settings. The lower lithologic and surface characteristic, fossil assemblages and its upper maybe was conformity with lower Jurassic, all reflected that the age of Tumengela Formation in Tumen area should be Norian - Rhaetian stage.

论文对晚三叠世—中侏罗世早期盆地的形成与演化开展了研究，包括关键地层界面特征分析、关键地层时代归属分析、区域岩石地层、生物地层和年代地层的综合对比分析、区域沉积体系与沉积相分析、岩相古地理分析，最终建立晚三叠世—中侏罗世早期羌塘盆沉积—构造动力演化模式。1、系统的对各地层单元的界面分析发现：(1)肖茶卡组底界在盆地内部与中三叠统整合关系，在盆地北缘为沉积超覆于不同时代的前三叠系之上：(2)肖茶卡组顶界面发育古岩溶角砾岩，与上覆那底岗日组为岩溶不整合接触，说明肖茶卡组沉积时期的羌塘盆地是在早中三叠世的盆地基础发展起来的，后期出现了广泛的海退事件，使盆地结束沉积并遭受风化剥蚀作用；(3)中侏罗统雀莫错组的岩性组合特征、岩石化学特征、古生物化石混积和地层的沉积超覆现象均表现出裂陷环境下形成的伸展不整合面的特征。2、综合地层划分与对比分析认为：(1)肖茶卡组古生物化石组合反映其时代为晚三叠世卡尼期—若利期，根据其上被上三叠统那底岗日组不整合覆盖，将其时代厘定为卡尼期—若利期早期；(2)那底岗日组火山岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄在216～205 Ma之间，其时代主要为若利期，可能包含有瑞替期：(3)日干配错组底部火山岩的年龄、中上部化石组合及其被下侏罗统整合覆盖，综合反映的时代为晚三叠世若利期—瑞替期，而且那底岗日组火山岩和日干配错组火山岩的地球化学成分分析反映两者均为引张构造背景下的产物；土门地区的土门各拉组的下部岩性及界面特征、化石组合和上部可能被下侏罗统整合覆盖，综合反映其时代为若利期—若利期。

Rapid cell selected, regional, rows or columns: the mouse click to select the current cell; click the region to be selected first cell, and then drag the mouse to the last cell can be two selected region between; worksheet click the Select All button, you can select the current worksheet; hold down the Ctrl click or drag using the mouse, you can select multiple nonadjacent cells or regional; select a region first cell, hold down the Shift key click on the angle of regional cells, can be between the selected rectangular area; click the line number can be selected corresponding to the entire line; click out the corresponding label can be selected out of the whole; along its line number or a list of drag the mouse, or to select the first row or first column, hold down the Shift key to select the end of the row or column, you can select a number of adjacent rows or columns; first select the first row or first column, and then hold down the Ctrl key to select other non-adjacent rows or columns; If you want to increase or decrease in the activities of the cell area can be selected by holding down the Shift key click the lower right corner of the region the last cell, the cell activities and the click between the cells will become a rectangular area to select a new region.

快速选中单元格、区域、行或列：鼠标单击可以将当前单元格选中；单击待选中区域的第一个单元格，然后拖动鼠标至最后一个单元格，可以将两者之间的区域选中；单击工作表的全选按钮，可以将当前工作表选中；按住 Ctrl 单击或使用鼠标拖动，可以选中不相邻的多个单元格或区域；选中某区域的第一个单元格，按住 Shift 键单击区域对角的单元格，可以将两者之间的矩形区域选中；单击行号可将对应的整行选中；单击列标号可将对应的整列选中；沿行号或列表号拖动鼠标，或者先选中第一行或第一列，按住 Shift 键选中结束行或列，就可以选中相邻的多个行或列；先选中第一行或第一列，然后按住 Ctrl 键选中其他不相邻的行或列；如果您想增加或减少活动区域中的单元格，可以按住 Shift 键单击选中区域右下角的最后一个单元格，活动单元格和所单击的单元格之间的矩形区域就会成为新的选中区域。

Unit Two: The Economic Problem ;Unit Three: Economic Systems;Unit Four: Demand and Supply; Unit Five: The Price Mechanism ;Unit Six: The Organization of Business ;Unit Seven: Money and Banking ;Unit Eight: Population ;Unit Nine: Income and Work ;Unit Ten: The Government and the Economy .

第二单元：经济问题；第三单元：经济体系；第四单元：供给与需求；第五单元：价格机制；第六单元：商业企业的组织形式；第七单元：货币与银行；第八单元：人口；第九单元：收入与工作；第十单元：政府与经济。

In the process of building and using the mass concrete structures, because of the effect of out-side condition and themselves, some faults will form in the structure, these faults will effect the bearing capability and endurance Using nondestructive testing method to test the concrete"s quality and diagnose its healthy, which has the significant sense in assessing the safety stability and research of the administering diseasesThis dissertation mostly researched the testing methods in the mass concrete structure, discussed the principles, methods, features, sphere of application of the ultrasonic testing in the mass concrete structure with faults, used dynamic FEM to simulate the testing process, discussed when the concrete structure with cracks is under the effect of the pulse, how the elastic waves propagate and what are their changing feature, Researched the principles of the first-arriving waves" phase when the cracks" depths are not same, obtained the relation between the inversion point and the cracks" depth, which has the direction sense in the application of projects,The second part of this dissertation is CT , which used the ultrasonic wave running through the tested-substance to get arriving-time of the ultrasonic wave, then inverse the image This dissertation drawed one CT program which can well present the different little cells ultrasonic wave velocity profiles of the substance, thereby to diagnose the quality of the part of the tested-substance, CT has the better using foreground..

在混凝土结构的施工及使用过程中，由于受其自身及外界各种因素的影响，常常会产生一些缺陷，对结构物的承载能力和耐久性造成严重影响，采用无损检测技术进行质量检测和健康诊断，这对混凝土结构开展安全、稳定性评估以及病害隐患治理研究具有重要意义。本论文主要针对大体积混凝土结构缺陷的检测方法展开研究工作，重点讨论了超声波法检测混凝土结构裂缝的基本原理和方法及其特点、适用范围，运用动力有限元数值模拟其检测过程，探讨了有裂缝缺陷的混凝土结构在脉冲荷载作用下弹性波的传播及其变化特征，研究了不同裂缝深度下首波相位变化规律，得出了反转临界点与裂缝深度之间的关系，这对实际工程应用具有指导意义。声波CT是一种新的无损检测技术，它是利用声波穿透被检测体获取声波接收时间，来进行计算机反演成像的技术。本文利用直射线法编制了层析成像程序，能较好地呈现被检测物体各微小单元的声波速度分布图像，从而对检测体的质量状况作出诊断评估，具有较好的应用发展前景。

Since historical times,England ,where the early inhabitants were Celts, has been conquered three times .

从有历史以来，英国，在此地早期居住的是凯尔特人，已经被征服了三次。

Bluetooth OBEX File Transfer Enables the sending and receiving of files on your phone via Bluetooth.

蓝牙OBEX文件移动允许经过蓝牙传送和接受文件。。。。