削

Tool paths, and working procedure effecting machining residual stress as well as the law of its releasing were analyzed systemically by using three-dimensional Elasto-plastic FEM, which can optimize the tool paths and make the working procedure more rational.In the course of FEM simulation, the birth-death element arithmetic was introduced into simulating material remove, and the kinetic Load-step was used to simulated tools work.

第四，在上述研究的基础上，利用三维弹塑性有限元技术系统地分析了铣削力要素下铣削加工中走刀路径对已加工表面残余应力分布状态的影响规律以及铣削加工工序间残余应力的相互影响规律，为优选出较为合理的走刀路径和加工过程中安排去应力工序提供指导。

Cut file, sawing skills by learning the grip, standing position, body movements, and many other points force factors and the impact of the traditional grip of the emergence of file-grip handle to stand up after slightly outside the site of the palm, when a file cut Force, after the file handle a gradual shift,"hold" to "grasp", resulting in the introduction file enough; saw grip handle full point higher than the thrust of the saw blade to install center hole of about 30mm, the high point of thrust is likely to result in the bow saw On both sides of the swing, resulting in a broken saw blade and saw seam askew.

锉削、锯削技能的学习是受握法、站立部位、身体动作、作用力点等诸多因素的制约和影响的，传统的握法出现握锉柄后顶住部位稍偏离手心，锉削时一用力，锉柄逐渐后移，"握"变成"抓"，造成锉刀推出力度不足；满握锯柄的推力点高于锯条安装孔中心约30mm，偏高的推力点很容易造成锯弓向两侧摆动，造成锯条折断及锯缝歪斜。

Based on the foregoing analysis, the critical condition of realizing ductile/brittle transform is confirmed, and then, the model of ductile grinding of engineering ceramic is built.

以陶瓷材料压痕断裂力学、线性断裂力学和微观断裂物理学为理论基础，系统的分析和讨论了磨削加工过程中微裂纹的产生机理及其影响因素，建立了裂纹分布模型，并根据位错产生微裂纹机制，对磨削过程微裂纹的形成采用位错塞积模型来描述，从能量平衡的角度，讨论位错裂纹的稳定性与磨削应力的关系，确定了材料脆性去除和塑性去除转换的临界条件，最终建立以此为基础的工程陶瓷材料延性域去除模型。

From two to five chapter, there are mainly four research contents, which are the ultra-precision machining mechanism of engineering ceramic in the aspects of micro-scale and macro-scale, the key technology equipment, the ductile regime grinding experiments and surface quality of ultra-precision grinding. At last, there is a summary of the whole thesis.

第二章至第五章是本论文研究的主要内容，即工程陶瓷超精密磨削机理、超精密加工的关键工艺装备、超精密磨削的表面质量和延性域磨削实验研究四大部分，最后一章是全文总结。

The maximal depth model for single-pass milling process, the depth and surface roughness for plane surface are established. The milled profile of a single-pass milling of the jet can be modeled as a cosine curve of the form. Therefore, the maximal depth model for single-pass milling is established which indicates the quantitative relationship between the AWJ single-pass milling depth and the milling parameters.

假设磨料水射流单次铣削时的工件横截面形状为余弦曲线，建立了磨料水射流单次铣削的最大深度模型，分析了水射流压力、磨料流量、靶距、喷嘴横移速度、横向进给量和喷嘴直径及材料性能参数对单次铣削最大深度的影响规律。

Material removal rates can be obtained by the proper application of this phenomenon. The stresses of crosshatch intersection point for ceramics is analyzed by using the finite element method.

珩磨加工中，相邻磨粒间陶瓷材料磨削裂纹存在着相互扩展和交叉，磨削残余应力控制磨削裂纹之间的相互影响作用。

As stated above, to increase honing stone pressures can remarkably decrease ceramic critical grinding stresses, increase ceramic removal at the crosshatch intersection points, and promote the propagation of grinding cracks. The feasibility of efficient honing for ceramics is proved theoretically.

在上述研究结果基础上，分析了陶瓷材料塑性加工机理，磨削应力低于临界磨削应力是实现陶瓷材料塑性加工的理论依据，并提出陶瓷材料塑性珩磨加工中的两个主要因素：磨削深度和磨粒粒径的精确控制。

This paper mainly researches high speed milling TC4 and discusses the problem about cutting force during the process of high-speed milling.

着重讨论了钛合金TC4高速铣削过程铣削力的问题，研究了切削参数、刀具磨损及刀具材料等对铣削力的影响。

Scrap carbide recycling: tungsten steel, tungsten alloy scrap, grinding materials, waste PCB drill bits, tungsten carbide tools, tungsten scrap powder, tungsten carbide powder, tungsten steel scrap, carbide grinding materials containing tungsten scrap, alloy grinding material, milling insert, drill bits, cutter, CNC cutter, wire cutting tungsten steel molds, drawing dies, round cut knife, saw blade, top hammer, PCB drill bits, V-CUT knives, knife handle, high proportion of alloy, non-magnetic alloys, tungsten carbide powder, tungsten wire cutter, such as tungsten tool steel scrap.

废硬质合金回收：钨钢、钨合金边角料、磨削料、废PCB钻头、钨钢工具、废钨粉、钨钢粉末、钨钢废料、硬质合金磨削料、含钨废料、合金磨削料、铣刀片、钻头、立铣刀、数控刀具、线切割钨钢模具、拉丝模具、圆切刀、锯片、顶锤、PCB钻头、V-CUT刀、锣刀、高比重合金、无磁合金、钨钢粉末、钨绞丝等各种钨钢废工具。

The new combination drilling dynameter is developed, which has the characteristics of high accuracy, little interference between forces and simple structure.

研制了测量精度高、相互干扰小、制造简单的新型组合式钻削测力仪和钻削力测量系统，对新刃形钻头的钻削机理进行了实验研究。

If you are unfortunate enough to the lovelorn, please tell me, I will help you out, really, please contact me!

如果你不幸失恋了，请告诉我，我会帮助你摆脱困境，真的，请联系我啦！

China's plan to cut energy intensity by 20 percent and pollutant discharges by 10 percent between 2006 and 2010 is a case in point.

中国计划在2006年到2010间降低20%的能源强度和减少10%的主要污染物排放，就是一个这样的例子。