使激活

By probing into the different phenomena caused by schema difference and schema...

通过分析译者在翻译过程中由于图式的差异及变异造成的各种问题，作者指出译者在翻译过程中要充分激活相关图式，同时不断充实自身不同文化的背景知识，了解不同文化中的图式差异，并采用有效的方法激活译文读者的图式，使译文达到与原文相似的效果。

Psoralea crolyforlia sensitizes the skin to the tanning effect of sunlight, while Coconut oil works as a strong anti-oxidant and helps us to activate melanin pigment in the skin.

补骨脂使皮肤很容易受到阳光的影响，而阳光晒椰子油作为一种很有用处的催化剂可以帮助激活强大的抗氧化剂，可以帮助我们去激活皮肤中的黑色素。

So we propose that before the precursor is cleaved into DG and mediator, it is released from plasma membrane first, through activating some kind of enzyme by insulin or PIPLC; meanwhile, only insulin can activate the resynthesis mechanism of the precursor, in the contrast, PIPLC was inactive at this course.

推测：胰岛素或PIPLC作用于完整细胞或膜时，激活了某种酶，使前体先从膜上释放至胞外，再被水解为介体和DG，同时胰岛素还能激活再合成前体的机制，而PIPLC却不能。

Mizumura K,Kumazawa T. Modification of nociceptor responses by inflammatory mediators and second messengers implicated in their actiona study in canine testicular polymodal receptors.

痛过敏的产生有赖于许多炎症介质的参与，如PGs，缓激肽，5-羟色胺和白介素B4等，这些炎症介质有的可敏化伤害性感受器，使它们的阈值降低，有的可激活伤害性感受器，有的具有敏化和激活双重作用[4~6]。

A23187 and OA could parthenogenetically activate Urechis unicinctus oocytes and activate MAPK, indicating that the effect of fertilization on GVBD and activation of MAPK was mediated by rising in intracellular free calcium, and phosphorylation of some proteins was enough to activate the oocytes.

钙离子载体A23187和OA可以孤雌活化单环刺螠卵母细胞并激活MAPK。说明：①受精是通过钙离子的内流来激活卵母细胞并使MAPK活化的。②某些蛋白质的磷酸化状态对减数分裂是必要而且在一定程度上是充分的。

Results Based on the analysis of the number and lightness of DGGE bands, we studied the change of the microbial community diversity activation of stratal bacteria.

通过对内源微生物激活前后DGGE条带的数量和亮度变化分析表明，油藏环境中的细菌在种类和数量上并不丰富，激活剂的加入改变了菌群原有的贫营养环境，从而使一些因营养缺乏生长受抑制细菌得以大量繁殖，菌群结

NodD binds to and bends target promoters through anchoring two tandem and individual specific DNA sites. NodD functions as a tetramer, which has a V-shaped main body. Tetrameric NodD is to change its own conformation rather than its oligomeric forms in response to small signal molecules. The specific interaction between each NodD DNA-binding domain and each specific DNA site does not alter itself in spite of naringenin induction, and the induced conformational change is transferred from protein to DNA. Only the DNA conformation incited by induced NodD is competent for RNA polymerase to form the transcriptional open complex. It cannot be excluded that NodD may have protein-to-protein contacts with RNA polymerase, and that the NodD conformational change may also directly contribute to the transcriptional open complex formation. However, the NodD conformational change itself cannot serve as the determinant of the transcriptional molecular switch.

通过研究，我们提出了初步的NodD操纵子激活模型：第一，四聚体是NodD蛋白的功能单位，它通过铆钉两个串联的相对独立的DNA靶位点结合被诱导的启动子；第二，小分子配基的结合是改变NodD四聚体的构象而不是引发不同形式的寡聚体，在我们的模型中，NodD四聚体缩小其V形主体的弯折角，进而缩短其DNA结合功能域的间距；第三，小分子信号的诱导并没有改变NodD的DNA结合域和其DNA靶位点的相互作用，NodD的构象改变由蛋白质经其双铆钉位点传递给DNA；第四，只有诱导状态的NodD激发的DNA构象才能有效地使RNA聚合酶形成转录开放复合物；第五，不排除NodD与RNA聚合酶可能有直接的相互接触位点，不排除NodD构象的改变可能直接有利于RNA聚合酶形成转录开放复合物，但是我们认为NodD构象改变本身不是充当转录激活开关的决定因素。

Following chemical activation, blastocysts rate of the treated oocytes was similar to untreated oocytes.8 Following fertilization, however, few oocytes inhibited with CHX developed into morulae/blastocysts, due to a high incidence of polyspermy.9 Cortical granule migration occurred during inhibition, but CHX inhibition impaired CG migration, significantly no oocytes inhibited by CHX completed CG migration after maturation.10 CHX inhibition had no effects onα-microtubles and microfilaments of goat oocytes.

抑制24h转为正常培养24h，不影响卵母细胞的成熟和孤雌激活能力，并且CHX抑制后再成熟的卵母细胞经孤雌激活发育到囊胚的比例与对照组卵母细胞相似。8、体外受精后，CHX抑制后再成熟卵母细胞的多精受精现象显著增加，发育到桑椹胚/囊胚的比例显著低于对照组。9、CHX抑制过程中皮质颗粒仍能发生迁移，但是CHX抑制会对皮质颗粒的迁移造成不可恢复的损伤，使再成熟的卵母细胞内皮质颗粒不能完全迁移。10、CHX抑制对山羊卵母细胞α-微管和微丝都没有影响，无论是抑制后处于生发泡期的卵母细胞，还是抑制后再成熟的卵母细胞，微管和微丝的分布都与对照卵母细胞相似。

Ethanol, ionophore A23187 and a single electrical stimulation could hardly activate the recently ovulated oocytes (12—13h after hCG) which could be activated by 6 pulses separated by 5—6 min.

用乙醇、钙离载体A23187及1次电刺激很难使刚排出不久的卵hCG后12—13h）激活。6次电刺激可使这部分卵激活。

Artificially induced a single 〓elevation could effectively drive the activation, in recently ovulated oocytes (12—13 h after hCG) however, a single Ca〓 increase was futile in initiation of activation and only repetitive 〓 rises were avalable, suggesting that the activation of recently ovulated oocytes requires oscillatory Ca〓 signals as occuring at fertilization.

只有诱导卵内Ca〓多次升高才能使之激活。提示：刚排出不久的卵激活象受精一样需要胞质Ca〓波动信号。

Objective: To study the effect of polycythemia on blood oxygen saturation.

裴蕾目的：观察RBC剧增而引起的高粘血症对血氧饱和度的影响。

Based on SIMPLER algorithm in the curvilinear body-fitted coordinates, the calculations were performed for Pr=0.7, Re=10~1000 on non-orthogonal non-staggered grids which are generated by elliptic equation systems.

采用曲线坐标系下压力与速度耦合的SIMPLER算法，数值研究了周期性渐扩渐缩波纹通道内脉动流动与换热情况，流动Re数的范围为10~1000，Pr数为0.7。