从公路

The article first analysis on the natures of public welfare and nature of expressway ,makes a detailed analysis on the expressway's natures of inremovability、inseparability、cingulum、reticulation、and wear,demonstrates the importance of engineering projects of maintenance of expressway .

本文从分析高速公路的自然属性和社会属性入手，详细分析了高速公路的不可移动性、不可分割性、带状性、网状性及耐久性等自然属性，论证了高速公路养护在保持高速公路的自然属性方面的重要性，详细分析了高速公路的公路的规模收益特性、公路的资金密集性、公路的价值和使用价值、公路的国民经济基础性、公路发展的超前性、公路的社会公益性等特性，说明了高速公路在国民经济中不可或缺，同时也说明高速公路仍然具有局部的、一定程度的商品性，所以高速公路具有较复杂的特性。

The paper consider actual conditions of Hebei , and carefully analyzied the questions in highway investment and financing. Considering of country investment and financing heavy policy environment, it proposes that Hebei should not stay the highway investment and financings " wait for, by, take ", relying on governmental investment simply, but should fully give play to the role of capital market and financial market. In insist of the policy on " interconnected system loan interconnected system return ", attract social fund extensively, form the macroclimate that the society runs the traffic;Consider the highway assets of the whole province as a whole, make the financing scheme , vitalize the assets. Through capital market, take bid way, project jointlies operate, corporatization, shareholding system, try such ways as franchise operation ,etc. boldly in newly-built project. At the same time, devote more efforts to standing in the government"s policy to highway, set up the capital construction of highway development. Turn to capital market management focal point , investment and financing of management from project management, change direction " melt" from " throw ", open up with innovative idea dissolving enter road construction practice really, try some new financing methods boldly , only in this way , could arouse every side"s enthusiasm further , really open up the unexhausted source for the benign development of road construction of Hebei.

本研究报告充分考虑了河北省的实际情况，对河北省公路投融资工作中存在的问题进行了深入、细致的分析，针对目前国家在公路投融资大的政策环境，提出了河北省公路投融资不能停留在"等、靠、要"，单纯依靠政府投资上，而是应该充分发挥资本市场和金融市场的作用；在坚持省交通厅"统贷统还"的政策下，广泛吸引社会资金，形成社会办交通的大气候；将全省的公路资产统筹考虑，制定融资方案，将资产盘活：通过资本市场，采取招投标方式，将有条件的公路项目进行合资合作、公司化、股份制改造，新建项目大胆尝试特许经营等方式：同时加大政府对公路的政策支持力度，建立公路发展基建；将投融资管理的重点，从项目管理转向资本市场管理，从"投"转向"融"，把开拓与创新理念真正溶入公路建设实践，大胆尝试一些新的融资方法，只有这样，才能进一步调动各方积极性，真正为河北省公路建设的良性发展开辟不竭之源。

Due to the insufficiency of KEYNES and invest-output methods, the authors analyze the increasing of national economy resulting from highway investment multiplicator, propose a theory of calculating highway investment multiplicator based on the original definition of investment multiplicator, and obtain an improved method to calculate th.

为了完善利用公路建设投资乘数计算公路投资对国民经济拉动效益的方法，针对目前利用凯恩斯乘数与投入产出法计算公路建设投资效益的不足，通过公路建设过程中投资乘数作用引起国民经济成倍增长的机理分析，提出从投资乘数的原始定义出发计算公路建设投资乘数的原理，推导了计算公路投资乘数时公路建设投资引起的边际消费的改进算法，并通过京石高速公路有关资料验证了该方法的效果；发展了基于投资乘数计算原理、现有公路工程投资测算、投入产出矩阵组合基础之上的应用方法，克服了常用算法用全社会的消费倾向代替公路投资消费倾向的不足。

Secondly, the paper set out the methodology and basic principals for evaluating the sustainable transport development in accordance with the implications of sustainable transport development. The paper aimed at researching the index systems, methodology, and modes of sustainable road transport development evaluation, and established the mathematic modes with several practical indexes such as transport concinnity, road transport resource saving, road environmental and bionomical protection indexes, with which the sustainable development statuses of road development in China are able to individually or comprehensively evaluated.

本文重点研究提出了定量评价公路交通可持续发展能力的指标体系、理论方法和具体模型，提出了实用的交通适应能力分指数、公路交通资源节约能力分指数、公路交通环境生态保护能力分指数、公路交通经济财务发展能力分指数、公路交通安全控制能力分指数等指标计算模型，从这几个角度能够逐项和综合评价我国交通可持续发展状况。

Firstly, it concludes the slope Biotechnique, analyzes its specialties and applied situation, put forwards a method that choosing the slope Biotechnique mode from texture gradient the slope corrade expense and so on; Secondly, it investigates that technology of vegetation construction from the selecting seed and the helping grow, put forwards a method that selecting the seed.

首先，将山区公路边坡生态防护方式进行了归纳，分析了主要方式的特点和适用范围，提出从质地、坡度、坡面侵蚀情况、费用等方面进行方式的选择；然后，从物种选择、植物助长方面对植被建植技术进行了研究，提出了简易可行的五步选种方法；接着，分别以黄土地区山区、秦岭山区的边坡生态防护为实例进行了说明；最后，从景观的角度探讨了山区公路边坡生态防护的协调，提出了协调原则和具体要求。

The research pointed out that at the same time of establishing the machinism of non-tolling road asset value recovery, we should also manage non-tolling road asset fully through establishing Financial Management System, improving road maintaining system, defining the main management body of non-tolling road, improving the reporting system of non-tolling road.

研究认为，在建立非收费公路资产价值补偿机制的同时，还应从建立健全财务管理制度、改进养护机制、明确非收费公路资产管理主体、完善非收费公路资产报告制度等方面对非收费公路资产进行全方位的管理。

From down the road to the village, we have a cul de sac.

从公路下来到我们村有一段小路。

This paper is about the position and fanction in the society of forestry road of Fujian Province,analying the water damage reason of foresty road from low congenital standard desing,some prevention and cure measure are advanced in overall technological transform so as to encourage to raise a mew level in frighting calamities ability of forestry road of Fujian Province Keywords:forestry road the reason of water damage prevention measure

提要：本文叙述了福建省林业公路在社会上的地位作用，从林业公路先天性设计标准低等方面分析了林业公路发生水毁的原因，提出了进行全面技术改造等防治水毁的一些措施，以促使福建省林业公路的抗水毁能力提高到一个全新水平。林业公路水毁原因防治措施The Analysis of Water Damage Reason and Prevention Measure of Forestry Ro

Based on them, distribution laws of subgrade temperature field under fluctuant boundary temperature cycle conditions are analyzed, and different ratios of slope for general subgrade and different status when there are or not banquettes are compared by laboratory simulation and numerical analysis; thermal insulation and cooling effect of thermal insulation slab, broken stone and non-power heat pipes is respectively investigated under the trend of elevated temperature by numerical analysis, laws of subgrade deformation are predicted under the trend of elevated temperature and influences of subgrade thaw settlement on pavement stress are studies by numerical computation for observation data of representative road sections selected.

为研究青藏公路冻土病害处治对策，从青藏公路2002年～2004年冻土病害整治工程实际出发，在系统分析研究青藏公路病害及发生机理的基础上，运用室内模拟试验、数值分析方法，依托处治冻土病害路段实际使用的隔热板路基、碎石路基、无动力热棒路基等进行现场试验，分析边界温度周期波动条件下的路基温度场分布规律，同时进行一般路基不同边坡坡率的对比研究及有无护坡道的对比研究；运用数值分析方法，对气温升高趋势下隔热板、碎石、无动力热棒的隔热降温效果进行了研究；选择代表性路段观测资料，运用数值计算的方法，进行升温趋势下的路基变形预测，研究路基融沉变形对路面应力的影响。

The proposal would still allow for the sale of gasoline-electric hybrids, however, and it wouldn't take current gas-powered cars off of the road.

该提议将仍然允许出售的汽油及电力的混合动力，但是，它不会采取目前的天然气动力车从公路。

Since historical times,England ,where the early inhabitants were Celts, has been conquered three times .

从有历史以来，英国，在此地早期居住的是凯尔特人，已经被征服了三次。

Bluetooth OBEX File Transfer Enables the sending and receiving of files on your phone via Bluetooth.

蓝牙OBEX文件移动允许经过蓝牙传送和接受文件。。。。