产

Firstly, we used the Raman scattering method which can calibrate in real time to measure the O2 (a1 Δ) yield of SOG for the first time in China. The measurement relative error is less than 8%. Based on the data from the experiments, we report the results that the diluent category and ratios influence the O2 (a1 Δ) yield. The relationship of P-τ values and the O2 (a1 Δ) yield of this SOG were given. The effects of distance and bypass of gas transportation on the O2 (a1 Δ) yield are investigated. Secondly, the chlorine utilization was measured by using Raman spectroscopy simultaneously when the O2 (a1 Δ) yield was measured. This method originated with us. The result about the chlorine utilization is coincident with other theoretic and experimental conclusions. The relationship given in this paper between gas stay time in SOG and chlorine utilization offers reference to improve the reaction efficiency and chemical efficiency of COIL. Finally, the partial water vapor pressure at the exit of SOG was measured by absorption spectroscopy. The water vapor fraction and partial pressure have trends changed with the generator total pressure, the diluentratios, and the BHP temperature. These experimental results are very important to improve experimental conditions of SOG, reduce the water vapor fraction, and enhance the output power of COIL.

由侧得的数据得到了加入稀释气体、稀释气体种类以及稀释比例对单重态氧产率的影响，给出了该发生器P一：值与仇产率的关系，还考察了传输距离对仇产率的影响；在国际上首创利用喇曼散射光谱法在侧量产率的同时进行了氯气利用率的检侧，侧试结果与其他理论及实验结果十分相近；给出了气体在发生器中的滞留时间与氯气利用率之间的关系，该结果为提高氧碘化学激光器的反应效率和化学效率提供了参考依据；另外采用了吸收光谱法对发生器出口处的水汽含量进行了测量、得到了水汽分压和百分含量随着发生器压力、稀释气体比例以及BHP温度等的变化情况，该实验结果对于改进发生器工作条件、减少水汽含量、提高氧碘化学激光器的出光功率具有十分重要的指导意义。

The paper reviewed the current research progress and the main achievements of biohydrogen production technology research both at home and abroad,and described the hydrogen production mechanism s of main hydrogen producing organisms,such as phot.

本文综述了目前国内外生物制氢技术各个方面的研究进展和成果，并详细描述了光合产氢细菌及发酵产氢细菌等主要产氢生物的产氢机制。

EPS composition fermented with strain 7 and Streptococcus thermophilus together was stable and consists of glucose, galactose and rhamnose, but EPS with normal starters of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus does not consist of rhamnose.

产粘7号菌在诱变前后与不产粘嗜热链球菌共同发酵产生的EPS单糖组成不变，都是由葡萄糖、半乳糖和鼠李糖组成；而不产粘嗜热链球菌与不产粘保加利亚乳杆菌产生的EPS不含鼠李糖，只有葡萄糖和半乳糖。

Contents of salidroside and tyrosol in Rhodiola roots were determined. Salidroside content was 2.147%, the highest in Rh. sacra from Tibet, then in Rh. crenulata and Rh. tibetica from Tibet, 1.763% and 1.271%, respectively; tyrosol content was 0.2985%, the highest in Rh. crenulata from Sichuan, then in Rh. tibetica and Rh. crenulata from Tibet, 0.2143% and 0.1836%, respectively; whereas both contents were very low in Rh. jistigiata and Rh. kirilowii from Sichuan with salidroside contents of only 0.034% and 0.003%, and tyrosol contents of 0.0164% and 0.0048%,respectively.

分别测定了不同产地的红景天属植物中红景天苷和酪醇的含量，西藏产圣地红景天中红景天苷含量最高，达到2.147%，其次为藏产大花红景天和西藏红景天，分别为1.763%和1.271%；四川产大花红景天中酪醇含量最高，为0.2985%，其次是藏产西藏红景天和大花红景天，分别为0.2143%和0.1836%；长鞭红景天和狭叶红景天中2种有效成分的含量均很低，红景天苷含量仅为0.034%和0.003%，酪醇含量则分别为0.0164%和0.0048%。

It shows that runoff is closely correlated with the features of individual precipitation, and it is also affected by vegetation within a short period of time. Raindrop erosion, sheet flow erosion and rill erosion on the slope are the main soil erosion patterns; sediment yield occurs mainly in flood season. Human activity and individual precipitation are two important factors that control the soil erosion at a small watershed. Comprehensive management on the slope in a small watershed is an efficient measure of water and soil conservation.

分析表明，小流域的产流方式容易随次降雨条件的变化而变化，植被因素在较小时间尺度内就会影响产流；产沙主要来源于坡面上的溅蚀、片蚀和细沟侵蚀，时间主要集中在汛期；人类活动以及次降雨条件是控制小流域侵蚀产沙的重要因素；在小流域内进行坡面的综合治理是水土保持的有效措施。

Thus the paper puts forward that different forms of expression should be adopted in different fields, the results are as follows: As to the Industry involving national military security, economic security and cultural security, the state-owned capital should be in the form of single proprietorship or conditional diversification, that is to say, taking the solely state-owned company as its main body. As to the strategic industry and basic industry in the vital position to the national economy, the state-owned capital should be As to the strategic competitive industry which plays an important role in development of national economy and society, the state-owned capital account for a certain proportion with the freedom to select holding shares or taking equity participation. As to the industry related to non-strategic competitive fields, state-owned capital does not necessarily exist in the form of state-owned enterprise, it can also obtain the stock right to share the benefit, and to cooperate, even compete with other capitals appropriately.

由此提出了国有资本在不同领域应采取不同的表现形式：在涉及国家军事安全、经济安全、文化安全的产业内，国有资本只能是独资或有条件的多元化，也就是以国有独资公司为主；在关系国民经济命脉的战略产业和基础产业内，国有资本必须保持控股，即还将保留相当数量的国有企业；在对国民经济和社会发展具有重要作用的战略性竞争产业内，国有资本仍要占有一定比重，但可以根据具体情况选择控股和参股；在非战略性竞争领域的产业内，国有资本不一定必须要采取国有企业的形式存在其中，完全可以以股权的形式参与进来，适度与其它性质的资本开展合作与竞争。

The results showed that under 8% of raw total solids concentration, 6.8-7.4 of pH, the methane tank sludge, 20% of them inoculated, after 30 days of fermentation, it was 9 days of period that the effect was execellent. The total aerogenesis tolerance was 42490.70 mL, the day aerogenesis tolerance was 1416.36 mL, the pit held aerogenesis rate was 0.217 m~3/m~3·d , the stuff held aerogenesis rate was 0.241 m~3/m~3·d, the raw material aerogenesis rate was 0.090 m~3/kg·TS.

结果表明，在原料的总固体浓度为8％、pH值介于6.8～7.4、接种沼气池污泥量为原料干物质重量的20％、发酵周期为30d时，对发酵系统间隔9d换料的效果最好，其在总产气量、日均产气量、池容产气率、料容产气率和原料产气率分别达到了42490.70mL、1416.36mL、0.217m~3／m~3·d、0.241m~3／m~3·d和0.090m~3／kg·TS，都比不换料的对照处理有很大提高，分别提高了153.41％、153.41％、152.33％、153.68％和150％，沼气中的甲烷含量也在70％以上。

Releasing a product to production will generally be reserved until after production samples have been received, QC'd for conformity, and tested applicably.

产品正式投产必须由厂商提供正式量产样品，经测试通过后才能开始量产。正式量产样品需厂商填写ISIR以进行量产样品品质测试。

The effect of zeolites ion-exchanged by transition metals on thermal catalytic cracking reaction is studied. The product distributions of the cracking reactions catalyzed by theβor ZSM-5 zeolites exchanged with transition metals are different from that catalyzed by corresponding Hzeolites, which means the mechanism of cracking reactions has varied. Group Ⅷ metals Fe, Co, Ni and Cu, Zn are shown to be of strong catalytic activity of oxidative dehydrogenation, while Ti and Cr are not of oxidative activity. Catalyzed by zeolites or catalyst containing Ag, conversion of thermal catalytic cracking reactions and the yield of ethylene increase while the yield of propylene does not decrease. Silver can not only promote the formation of carbonium ion, but also convert carbonium ion into free-radical via redox reaction. The weak adsorption of olefins on silver reduces the occurrence of hydrogen transfer and dehydrogenation. As a result, the yield of light olefins is favored by silver in the catalyst.

采用过渡金属交换的分子筛作为催化剂，进行催化热裂解制取乙烯的反应，研究发现，在β沸石分子筛和ZSM-5分子筛中引入过渡金属后，催化热裂解反应的产物分布与相应的氢型分子筛相比有了较大的变化，说明过渡金属的加入对于催化热裂解反应的机理具有影响，Ⅷ族金属如Fe、Co、Ni和第Ⅰ、Ⅱ副族Cu、Zn表现出较强的氧化脱氢活性，产物中氢气、焦炭的产率很高，Ti、Cr则未表现出氧化作用：分子筛及催化剂中引入银后，催化热裂解反应的转化率和乙烯的产率有了提高，丙烯产率没有很大的变化，说明银在催化热裂解反应中能够促进正碳离子的生成，又有可能通过氧化-还原作用部分改变反应机理，促进了自由基的生成，并且由于银对烯烃的吸附很弱，其氢转移反应和脱氢、加氢活性比较低，有利于烯烃产率的提高。

Moreover, how to improve hydrogen production rate and substrate conversion efficiency is also important in the research of fermentative hydrogen production, which is also the key factor to realize industrialization.

产氢的稳定性和持久性是发酵产氢中一直存在的问题，如何在稳定持续产氢的基础上提高产氢的速率和转化率是发酵产氢研究中的重要内容，也是能否实现产业化应用的关键性因素。

In this paper, the requirement analysis, design and implementation of the system are introduced in detail.

此论文详细介绍了系统的需求分析，系统设计和具体实现。

In the context of economic globalization is increasingly deepening, China's economy can not be spared.

在经济全球化日益加深的背景下，中国经济不可能做到独善其身。