临床

objective:to analyze the difference between mammary duct ectasiaand plasma cell mammitis.methods:the data of 24 cases of mde and 28 cases of pcm,including clinical manifestations,distinguished diagnoses,surgical therapy,pathological results,were analyzed.results:the clinical manifestations of mde are nipple discharge and breast mass,which should be distinguished with breast mass and early stage of breast cancer.the treatment is local resection.major pathological changes are duct ectasia and obvious periductal inflammatory changes.the clinical manifestations of pcm are breast mass and inflammatory changes,which should to be distinguished with advanced breast cancer and inflammatory breast cancer.the surgical treatment is extensive resection.the major pathological changes are inflammatory reaction and multiple abscesses in breast tissue.conclusion:mde and pcm are significant different,and they are different progressing stage of disease,thus the two diagnoses are independent.

目的：分析乳腺导管扩张症和浆细胞性乳腺炎临床上的差异。提出各自独立诊断的论据。方法：结合24例乳腺导管扩张症和28例浆细胞性乳腺炎对两病的临床症状、鉴别诊断、手术治疗、病理结果进行比较分析。结果：乳腺导管扩张症临床表现为乳头溢液和乳腺肿物，主要与乳腺肿物和早期乳腺癌鉴别诊断，手术以局部切除多见，病理表现为导管扩张及导管周围明显炎性改变。浆细胞性乳腺炎临床表现为乳腺肿物和炎性改变，主要与晚期乳腺癌和炎性乳腺癌鉴别诊断，手术切除的范围较大，病理变化以乳腺组织的炎性反应和多发性脓肿为主。结论：乳腺导管扩张症和浆细胞性乳腺炎有明显的差异，应作为这两种疾病独立诊断。

Compared the equivalent ratio relationship of granule for clincal prescription and clincal decoction by determination of evodiamine, rutaecarpine, evodine, total alkaloids and dried extract ratio as markers, ten batches reference decoctions were prepared according to clinical usage as evaluation standards, common-use processed fructus evodiae products, such as salt-processed fructus evodiae, liquorice-proccesed fructus evodiae, as researching objects, and finally validated by pharmacological trials.

以吴茱萸胺、吴茱萸次碱、吴茱萸内酯、吴茱萸总生物碱、出膏率为评价指标，以临床煎剂的煎煮方法制备的10批对照汤剂的平均值为临床煎剂的评价标准，以多个临床常用的炮制品为研究对象，比较配方颗粒和临床煎剂间的等效比例关系，并以药效指标进一步验证等效比的正确性。

The aim of the present study was to learn the manifestation of which the patients mainly complained of dry mouth, the corresponding pathogenic factors and their correlation, which is helpful to build up a thinking pattern for diagnosis and therapy based on the different clinical manifestations of patients with xerostomia.

本实验试图通过了解口腔门诊以口干为主诉患者的临床表现类型；口干患者的主要致病因素；并寻找口干相关因素与其临床表现类型之间的联系，以期初步建立根据口干患者不同临床表征作出致病因素分析和进行针对性治疗的临床思维模式，并为进一步的分析性研究及试验性研究提供线索。

At last, I have found that Ling Nan laryngeal doctors more emphasize on the clinic than the theory, put more stress on" the global view" and "Jing Luo dialectical", the insufflating medicinal powder and the medical records are extremely significant to nowadays clinic.

通过对岭南喉科文献的初步整理，发现岭南喉科医书中，临床多于理论，说明其重实践经验的特点，医家在诊治时多强调局部与整体结合，重视整体观念，另外，多数医家还非常注重经络辨证，临床应用的喉科吹药以及记载临床经验的医案对现今临床都有很好的指导意义。

For the sake of the safety of the human who take the new drug to cure the diseases, and the sake of advantages of the subjects who participate the clinical trials, since 1990s when the ICH-GCP was established, amended and meliorated, clinical trials in many countries in the world have developed into a regulatory era.

为了提高国内的临床数据规范化管理水平，尽快与国际的GCP规范和先进的临床数据管理规范接轨，真正能够获取高质量的数据而进行了本次研究。研究的目的：探索国内临床试验数据规范化管理软件系统的模式，及其该类软件系统在国内临床试验数据规范化管理中的应用价值。

Besides, I also surely know that just professional skills are not enough for being a good doctor. Hence, I attend the basic scientific research of preclinical medical college, the epidemiological investigation of public health college and the clinical scientific research of clinic college,from which I possess of some experimental skill such as CELL CULTER , PCR , Western blotting and so on.Above all,these experience cultivate my ability of designing the experiment and enforcing the experiment,which help me complete my research.

做为一名七年制的学生，学校对我们的要求是&临床技能和科研能力同等重要&因此在进行临床技能培养的同时，我先后参加过我校基础医学院的基础科研实践、公共卫生学院的流行病学调查实习，及临床学院的临床科研实践，让我熟练掌握了细胞培养、 PCR 、 Western blotting 等分子生物学技术；最重要的是，这些实践经验培养了我独立完成从研究课题的设计到实验方案的实施能力，帮助我顺利的完成了我在硕士期间的科研项目。

The ICER of Trial group was 14,208 NTD/month and it should be within the acceptable range of health economics.

根据本研究的结果，进入临床试验病患存活时间较长，所花化疗药费较高，但经过存活时间校正之后，非临床试验组比临床试验组高；终身成本效果分析得到临床试验组比非试验组的ICER为14，208元/月，增加的费用应是在医疗经济上可接受的范围之内。

Used the clinical ration evaluating as the measurement norm ,to mark the degree of clinical neurological deficit and symptom of stroke ,then analyzed their discrepancy.

按标准对100例高血压合并脑卒中患者发病前的临床症状进行中医证候分型（肝火亢盛型、阴虚阳亢型、痰湿壅盛型、阴阳两虚型），以临床定量评定为衡量指标，记录脑卒中发生时各证型的临床症状和神经功能缺损程度的评分分值，分析不同证型组间各种指标的差异；并以100例非高血压性脑卒中患者为对照组，比较高血压性与非高血压性脑卒中的临床症状程度和神经功能缺损程度的差异。

objective the overall quantity of the examination section management and the establishment of the system is the key to guarantee the quantity and raise the examination level,which is needed by laboratory management and actual work.methods overall quality management of laboratory was divided into 3 parts,that was quality control before,during and after analysis.examination process was made standard in the construction and uparading of laboratory information management system,which ensured the optimal examination was chosed and samples quality control before analysis,perfect quailty control system and standardized management were used throughout the analysis,re-analysis and re-ensurance of the examination results were performed.results lims was constructed with the characteistics of perfect function,easy performing and effective management.conclusion lims rums smoothly and realize the overall quality management successfully.

在医学检验中，全实验室质量管理分为3个阶段，即分析前质量控制、分析中质量控制和分析后质量控制。在临床检验信息管理系统的网络建设、网络改造升级中规范检验流程，确保分析前医生从循证医学的角度选择最合理、最经济的项目检测，并控制护士标本的采集、保存与运送的质量；分析中，完整的质量体系和标准化、规范化管理始终贯穿于检验科的检测中。分析后，实验结果的再分析，再确认，保证合格报告的发出，保证实验结果及时发给临床后，临床医生能合理地分析报告，正确的运用数据，用于诊断和治疗。结果功能齐全、操作简便、高效管理的临床检验信息管理系统建立。结论该系统运行效果良好，更新完善了检验科的管理模式，较好的实现了全实验室质量管理。

Results: In the early phase of the diseases, both showed abnormal X-ray manifestations with normal or reduced white blood cells. But mucosal changes in pharynxes were different in confirmed and suspicious patients. All suspicious SARS patients had an obvious pharyngeal inflammation including a lot lymphoid follicles over soft palates, and showed a good response to the treatment with antibiotics and antiviral drugs in one week. In contrast, seven confirmed SARS did not have an obvious pharyngitis.The clinical symptoms did not been improved ,but had been deteriorated at day 10 after the onset after antibiotic and antiviral treatment.

结果：临床诊断及疑诊SARS病例临床初期均有白细胞下降或正常，以及胸部χ线异常，但两者咽部黏膜表现有所不同，1 3例疑似病例均有明显的咽部炎症，淋巴滤泡密集覆盖软腭，经抗菌、抗病毒治疗后1周内好转，7例临床诊断SARS病例咽部炎症不明显，经抗菌、抗病毒治疗后临床症状未见明显好转，且多在病程1 0 d后加重。

Objective: To study the effect of polycythemia on blood oxygen saturation.

裴蕾目的：观察RBC剧增而引起的高粘血症对血氧饱和度的影响。

Based on SIMPLER algorithm in the curvilinear body-fitted coordinates, the calculations were performed for Pr=0.7, Re=10~1000 on non-orthogonal non-staggered grids which are generated by elliptic equation systems.

采用曲线坐标系下压力与速度耦合的SIMPLER算法，数值研究了周期性渐扩渐缩波纹通道内脉动流动与换热情况，流动Re数的范围为10~1000，Pr数为0.7。