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A review of river management history in various countries is used in this thesis to discuss the future development trends of river management and the relationship between river health and river management.Based on the characterization and assessment of river health, Five components of stream condition are presented in this thesis to characterize river health: water quality, aquatic life, physical form, hydrology and streamside zone. It is obtained by comparing the methods and criteria that have been developed by others and reviewing the river assessment practices in various countries. Accounting for the features of urbanization region in plain river network, an indicator system for river health assessment which provides scores for 5 subindices and 17 indicators is established. With almost 200 stream reaches in Shanghai as objective of study and Liwa stream and Zhangjiabang Creek as case study, the application of river health assessment in the planning, baseline survey and post-project appraisal of river management is explored by collecting historical literature and field monitoring. Consequently, some suggestions to improve river management effectiveness are presented from the angle of river health.

本文回顾河流管理漫长历程并指出当前国际发展趋势，进而辨析河流健康状况与河流管理的关系；以河流健康状况的表征和评价为核心，通过对国外RIVPACS、AUSRIVAS、IBI、RCE、ISC等河流健康状况评价方法的分析和比较，以及对美国、英国、澳大利亚、南非等国家河流健康状况评价实践的总结，尝试从理化参数、生物指标、形态结构、水文特征、河岸带状况5个方面全面表征河流健康状况；结合中国东部平原河网地区自身特点，通过评价原则、评价指标、评价标准、评价权重确定等步骤，初步构建了包含河流水文、河流形态、河岸带状况、河流水质以及河流生物5个一级指标(共17个指标)的河流健康状况评价指标体系；在此基础上，采用资料收集与现场实测相结合的方法，以上海近200条中心河道为研究对象，以丽娃河和张家浜为典型案例，分别就河流健康状况在河流管理规划、现状评估以及后评估中的应用进行实证研究，并尝试探讨如何从这三个阶段利用河流健康状况评估改进河流管理的对策。

Any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Strophanthus having whorled leaves and showy flowers of various colors in dense and few-flowered corymbose clusters; some have poisonous seeds.

属于毒毛旋花子属的灌木或小树，有螺纹的叶子和密集的多彩的花和极少的伞状花序丛；一些有毒种子。

God is a supreme being with various names in various cultures.

上帝超然存在，在不同的文化有不同的称谓。

The theory of accretion disks are important for many astrophysical phenomena, including Quasars, active galatic nucleic, X-ray binary stars, and young stellar objects. The most important branch of accretion djsk theory is the stability properties of djsks. It is widely considered that the luminosity variations of various astronomical objects are associated with the instability of accretion disk. The viscosity plays an important role in the accretion disk theory, and magnetic field exists commonly in astronomical phenomena. A more realistic analysis of the stabihty of the accretion disk should include both the radjal and azimuthal perturbations because of the strong shear of viscous flow.In this paper, according to the luminosity Variations of Various astronomical objects, we study the radial-azimuthal instability of an isothermal with magnetic field. We find that the radial and azimuthal fields B〓,B〓 are mainly responsible for enhancing the instability of the magneto-acoustic modes and non-axisymmetric modes,and that pulsational oscillations are larger in the radial than in the Z direction. The model may be useful in explaining the periodic light variation of FU orionis and. T Tauri stars.

在许多天体物理现象中，例如活动星系核，X-射线双星和年青的恒星理论中，吸积盘理论起着重要的作用，而吸积盘理论中的一个重要分支是吸积盘的不稳定性理论，普遍认为活动天体的周期，准周期光变现象与吸积盘的不稳定性有关，在吸积盘理论中，粘滞起着重要的作用，而磁场是天体物理中普遍存在的现象，对于几何薄吸积盘不稳定性分析，由于强剪切流的缘故，应该包括径向和环向扰动两个方面，本文结合天体物理中的各种周期，准周期光变现象，研究了含磁场的等温薄吸积盘的径向-环向振荡不稳定性，结果表明：磁场的径向和环向分量对磁声模和非轴对称模的不稳定性的增加起着主要的作用，且径向振荡大于轴向振荡，所得结果有利于解释FU Orionis和T Tauri Stars的周期光变现象。

With tax planning by more and more enterprises are recognized and accepted, various forms of tax planning activities in various parts slowly begun.

随着税收筹划被越来越多的企业所认识和接受，各种形式的税收筹划活动已在各地慢慢地展开了。

Responsible f controlling signatures, taking policy into account, urgency and effecting timeous fwarding of documents - Actioning all SVP travel requirements including drawing the itinerary and travel requirements of BMW Group visits - Representing the SVP and upholding the image of the BMW brand when interfacing with irate customers - Determining when the Direct should become involved and managing the process to a successful conclusion - Interfacing with dealers who need to communicate with the SVP on various issues - Handling external enquiries related to various Sales and Marketing issues.

它标志着华晨宝马沈阳工厂作为中国重要的高档车生产基地的雄厚实力，为宝马在中国的长期发展奠定了坚实的基础。目前，沈阳工厂拥有员工约3400人。 2006年1月，华晨宝马汽车有限公司被评为辽宁省十大纳税外资企业之一。 2006年3月，华晨宝马赞助了全国持续时间最长，影响力最大的全国副省级城市机关报短新闻竞赛，支持中国新闻事业的发展。 2006年4月，华晨宝马向沈阳市政府提供20辆BMW 523i作为\"2006中国沈阳世界园艺博览会\"开幕期间贵宾用车，并投资兴建\"德国园\"。

Various degrees of tokenism and ● to various degrees of citizen power.

技巧：(1)增加「」做子的结尾。由於该是由分词构

The calculations of torsional vibration of crankshaft systems of 12V240ZJ6E diesel engines were carried out with TVCA programme and I deas software to obtain system natural vibration frequencies, vibration amplitudes of various concentric masses at different rotational speeds, and torques and torsional stress es of various crankshaft sections at different rotational speeds.

运用TVCA程序和Ⅰ deas软件对 12V2 4 0ZJ6E型柴油机轴系的扭转振动进行计算，求出系统的自振频率、各集中质量在不同转速下的振幅和各轴段在不同转速下的扭矩、扭转应力值，对自振频率、自由端振幅和扭转应力最大轴段进行了分析，对轴系的扭转振动情况作出总结与评

We think that if the adoption literal translation ability is accurate to inform. original text various meanings, transliterate, if can't translate a meanings with various original text, can't be accurate to translate an implicit meaning especially of adopt liberal translation.

我们认为，如果采用直译能准确传达原文多种意义的，就直译，如果不能译出原文多种意义，特别是不能准确译出隐含意义的就采用意译。

The feeding habits of the larva is more extensive, also eat to fresh leaf of the elm , mulberry leaf , the leaf of the general term for paulownia, phoenix tree and tung tree , blade of the legume besides the above food, and various kinds of corpse and jujube kernel of insect process piece produced to sift; When the food is scarce , can even bite food wooden raising case and paper , various kinds of grass one , blade ,etc.

幼虫的食性更为广泛，除以上食物外还吃鲜榆叶、桑叶、桐叶、豆科植物的叶片，以及各种昆虫的尸体和枣仁加工筛出的碎屑；当食物缺乏时，甚至还可咬食木质的饲养箱和纸片与各种草棵、叶片等。

We are forbidden from giving money to these shoeless, skinny children, as this will perpetuate begging.

向光着脚，骨瘦如柴的孩子施舍是不可以的，因为要招来无休无止的乞讨。

It would be hard not to fall victim to some sharpeyed policeman.

要想不被某个目光锐利的警察抓到，谈何容易。