查询词典 transform

A Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, a solid state Si-NMR, a scanning electron microscope, an X-ray diffractometer, a thermogravimetric analyzer and a differential calorimeter were used to measure the structural and thermal properties of the WPU/silica hybrids.

研究中使用粒径分析仪、黏度仪与界面电位分析仪分析复合物乳液特性，利用傅立叶转换红外线光谱仪、固态核磁共振光谱仪、表面扫描电子显微镜、X-ray绕射光谱、热重量分析仪、示差扫描热卡计探讨混成复合物的结构、热性质与结晶情形，同时也利用万能拉力机、动态机械热分析仪探讨混成复合物的机械性质。

Among used machine learning methods, the gradient descent method is widely used to train various classifiers, such as Back-propagation neural network and linear text classifier. However, the gradient descent method is easily trapped into a local minimum and slowly converges. Thus, this study presents a gradient forecasting search method based on prediction methods to enhance the performance of the gradient descent method in order to develop a more efficient and precise machine learning method for Web mining.However, a prediction method with few sample data items and precise forecasting ability is a key issue to the gradient forecasting search method. Applying statistic-based prediction methods to implement GFSM is unsuitable because they require a large number of data items to model a prediction model. In the contrast with statistic-based prediction methods, GM(1,1) grey prediction model does not need a large number of data items to build a prediction model, and it has low computational load. However, the original GM(1,1) grey prediction model uses a mathematical hypothesis and approximation to transform a continuous differential equation into a discrete difference equation in order to model a forecasting model.

其中梯度法是一个最常被使用来实现机器学习的方法之一，然而梯度法具有学习速度慢以及容易陷入局部最佳解的缺点，因此，本研究提出一个梯度预测搜寻法则(gradient forecasting search method， GFSM)来改善传统梯度法的缺点，用来提升一些以梯度学习法则为基础的分类器在资讯探勘上的效率与正确性；而一个所需资料量少、计算复杂度低且精确的预测模型是梯度预测搜寻法能否有效进行最佳解搜寻之关键因素，传统统计为基础之预测方法的缺点是需要较大量的数据进行预测，因此计算复杂度高，灰色预测模型具有建模资料少且计算复杂度低等优点，然而灰色预测理论以连续之微分方程式为基础，并且透过一些数学上的假设与近似，将连续之微分方程式转换成离散之差分方程式来对离散型资料进行建模及预测，这样的作法不尽合理，且缺乏数学理论上的完备性，因为在转换过程中已经造成建模上的误差，且建模过程仅考虑相邻的两个资料点关系，无法正确反应数列未来的变化趋势。

The composites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, differential scanning calorimeter, Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction.

用两步水热法以钛酸丁酯和硅酸乙酯为原料制备了具有高光催化活性的高温稳定的TiO2-SiO2复合纳米粉体。

The interfacial surface and properties of glass fiber reinforced PET was studied by using Fouier transform infrared spectrometer scaning electron microscopy, dynamic viscoelastometer differential scattering calorimetry and mechanical measuring methods, the effects of coupling agent on the property of PET and its interfacial adhesion were examined.

用红外光谱分析、扫描电镜、粘弹谱仪、差示扫描量热法及力学性能测试方法，考察了玻璃纤维增强聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的界面情况及力学性能等，并分析了玻璃纤维表面处理剂对PET树脂及其界面粘结性的影响。

First the traditional non-optical detection technology for gas concentrations is briefly introduced, such as ultra-sound technology, gas sensing, catalytic thermal, gas chromatography, interferometry applications, and then the spectral analysis based on the concentration of gas detection is discussed. The latest technological developments on the differential absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, tunable laser diode laser absorption spectroscopy, laser radar and differential absorption Raman scattering laser radar, laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy, laser Photoacoustic Spectroscopy are reviewed in detail.

首先对传统的非光学气体浓度检测技术作出了简单的介绍，包括超声波技术、气敏法、热催化法、气相色谱法、干涉法应用技术，被动检气管法，然后重点阐述了基于光谱学分析气体浓度检测技术的最新发展动态，其中分别对差分吸收光谱技术、傅里叶变换红外光谱技术、可调谐激光二极管激光吸收光谱技术、差分吸收激光雷达和拉曼散射激光雷达、激光诱导荧光光谱技术、激光光声光谱技术进行了详细介绍，最后提出了现代气体浓度检测技术的发展方向。

Using the method we calculate the 〓 elasticdifferential scattering cross section, excitation differential scattering crosssection, and excitation cross section of electron collision with 〓 We transform the electron and molecule problem into electron problemby Born-Oppenheimer approximate. Mr Rossi, Dr. the Flinders University ofSouth Australia, calculated electron collision with molecule, but theexchange term he used become bigger and bigger as incident energyincreases, it is unreasonable, besides, the potential of electron and nucleus heused is somewhat rough. At present we correct these two terms. The potentialconsists of static potential, exchange potential, polarization potential.

电子与分子的碰撞过程的相互作用势主要是由静态势、交换势和极化势三部分决定的，这里对这三部分在动量空间中进行分波展开，推导出易于计算的表达形式，根据这些公式，并参考Rossi的弹性碰撞程序编写了计算电子与分子碰撞激发截面的程序，利用程序计算出势能矩阵元，通过求解Lippmann-Schwinger方程求得T矩阵元，便可求得散射截面。

Based on the point that directed diffusion equation is a diffusion process with direction, the correlation between directed diffusion and wavelet transform is studied in this paper.

摘要方向扩散方程是一种有方向性的扩散，本文基于这一特点，对方向扩散方程与小波分解和重构的相关性作了研究。

Based on information theory, the relationship between the information content of digital holography and recording optical structure was studied. In-line Fourier transform holography which could realize the maximum information content recording was proved.

本文从信息论的角度研究了数字全息信息量与记录光路的关系，证明了同轴傅里叶变换全息是实现全息信息量最大记录的光路。

Furthermore, with the development of high-powered digital signal processor, it provides new means for Fourier-transform computation.

此外，由于高性能的数字信号处理器的出现，为傅里叶变换的计算提供了新的解决方案。

The graded definite value and membership function of various factors have also been established, which will transform various evaluation values into the unified dimensionless quantity.

在对已有研究成果归纳总结的基础上，建立了包含矿井通风系统的原始参数、日常通风系统、防灾抗灾系统、监测系统和管理系统5个单元，46项指标的评价体系，对各指标建立了分级界定值和隶属函数，使各指标对象的评测值转化为统一的无量纲量。

"Second Life is remarkably easy to work with, and is very popular,"

"第二次生命是显着容易的工作，并且很受欢迎，"

For example, we usually assume that materials are homogeneous and isotropic and free of internal defects or flaws.

为了得到适合有限元分析的模型，我们必须经过如图2所示的简化步骤。