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The logic way of thought of this thesis is culture, teacher culture and teacher culture of balkanization. This thesis starts with the definition of teacher culture, and teacher groups, and teacher culture of balkanization. Secondly, on the basis of definition and comparing domestic and overseas studies, this thesis analyzes the features of teacher culture of balkanization and its form of representation. Thirdly, this thesis explores the reason of the forming of teacher culture of balkanization from three angles of view, namely individual angle, organizational angle and social angle. Fourthly, this thesis analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of teacher culture of balkanization in a dialectic way. Fifthly, the thesis ends up with principles and strategies for modifying teacher culture of balkanization.

本文首先对教师文化、教师派别以及派别主义教师文化做了概念上的界定，在此基础上，参照中西方研究深入剖析了派别主义教师文化的特征，归纳了派别主义教师文化的具体表现形式；从个人层面、组织层面以及社会层面三个维度详实探讨了派别主义教师文化的形成原因；以辩证的观点全面分析了派别主义教师文化存在的合理性与弊端；在对合理性和弊端全面分析的基础上主要针对派别主义教师文化的弊端提出了矫正原则与策略；在对全文整体把握的高度上，本文认为应当采用审慎的变革态度和方式对派别主义教师文化进行恰当取舍，对于实质上是团体个人主义的派别主义文化，其解决的根本途径是走向合作。

In respect of image group, the thesis focuses on analysizing the philosophical implication and aesthetical connotation of the wildness, the grape garden, and the animal images; the thesis holds that those images express Zhang Wei's expectation of ideal life and his castigation of the unequitable reality. In respect of stylistic feature, the thesis focuses on elaborating the poetic style of narration; the thesis holds that the strong lyric flavor, the rich philosophical connotation, the conciseness and vividness in language, and the originality in conception are the key factors in making of the poetic traits. The thesis also points out the identical inclination in his novels in the respect of the art conception.

在意象群体方面，重点分析了野地、葡萄园和动物意象的哲理意味和美学内涵，本文认为这些意象更多寄托了作者对理想生活的期待和对不合理现实的鞭挞；在文体特征方面，重点阐述了"诗化"叙述方式，文章认为小说所具有的浓厚抒情色彩和哲理内涵以及语言上的凝练生动、构思上的推陈出新都是构成其"诗性"特征的重要因素，对作者在艺术构思上的雷同化倾向，本文也进行了揭示。

For the moral grounds of the thesis of self-ownership in intuitional level, Cohen argues that the moral intuition of aversion to slavery gives no cause for more criticism, but it can't follow that rejection of the thesis of self-ownership is tantamount to endorsement of slavery. And the moral intuition of not permitting others'deploying any part of one's own body by coersion can't motivate moral agents to identify the thesis of self-ownership. For the moral grounds of the thesis of self-ownership in theoretical level, Cohen argues that rejection of the thesis of self-ownership is neither tantamount to endorsement of treating people as means rather than as ends, nor tantamount to endorsement of threatening human autonomy.

就自我所有命题在直觉层面的道德依据，柯亨论证道，厌恶奴隶制这种道德直觉本无可厚非，但并不能据此得出拒绝自我所有命题就意味着对奴隶制的认可这个结论，而不允许他人强制使用自己身体的任一部分这种道德直觉，也不足以使道德主体去认同自我所有命题；就自我所有命题在理论层面的道德依据，柯亨论证道，拒绝自我所有命题不仅不意味着以手段而非目的来对待人们，而且也不意味着对人类自主的限制。

The thesis studies the difference between GWSs composition and traditional workflow applications, proposes the implement mechanism and technical architecture of GWSs composition and defines the reference model of GWSs composition platform, which provide holistic framework and top-level guidance for studying dynamic GWSs composition technology, designing GWSs composition platform, and implementing representative composite service applications.2、Theories and methods of composite process modeling and process analysis. This thesis proposes a meta-model of Geo-spatial Web services composition process defining from two aspects, i.e. process and resource. According to the process definition meta-model, we propose a new Geo-spatial Web services composition Process/Resource model based on extended WF-net, which effectively resolves the problems on uncertain activity option and dynamic variation of service in composite process model. A notion with regard to soundness of process model is proposed from three aspects, i.e. the structural correctness of process model, validity of data link and validity of resource. The notion of soundness definitely gives a dividing line on correctness of composite GWS process. This thesis analyzes sufficient and essential terms of soundness, and studies compositional property of WSCP/R-net models which provides an effective method to construct a soundness WSCP/R-net model. According to WSCP/R-net, the thesis proposes composition algebra and studies the properties of it. Based on the composition algebra, 6 kinds of composite process reduction rules are induced to optimize the process.3、Geo-spatial Web service QoS model and its application architecture. This thesis proposes an extendable GWS QoS model from three aspects, i.e. Geo-spatial Web Service itself, networking conditions and service consumer which can be used to distinguish GWSs with overlapping or identical functionality. We work over the QoS evaluation methods of composite GWS process which can be used to guide the execution, monitor and service selection of composition process. Aming at some disadvantages in traditional Web service discovery model for its lacking of QoS supporting, this thesis proposes a new service discovery model SDMQ supporting QoS constraints.4、Technologies of composite service executing. SSPL, a new composite service process language, is defined to overcome the disadvantages of existing composite services process languages which can not adapt to the dynamic variation of Geo-spatial Web Services. An algorithm is described to translate WSCP/R-net model into SSPL. The thesis studies the model of dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization, presenting an algorithm GODSS to resolve dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization in GWSs Composition.5、Design and implement experimental system and representative applications. According to the research findings presented above, we design and implement an experimental system and construct two representative applications to show that our achievements are effective and practical.

针对当前空间信息服务聚合研究中存在的若干不足，本文重点在基于工作流的空间信息服务聚合框架、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术、空间信息服务QoS模型及应用体系以及空间信息服务聚合流程执行等几个方面进行深入研究，主要工作和创新点包括：1、基于工作流的空间信息服务动态聚合框架：研究了空间信息服务动态聚合和传统工作流应用的不同，在此基础上提出了基于工作流技术的空间信息服务动态聚合实现机制、技术体系和参考模型，为研究空间信息服务聚合的关键技术、开发服务聚合支撑平台以及在此基础上构造特定的空间信息服务聚合应用提供了总体框架和顶层指导。2、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术：首先基于动态服务聚合流程建模的需求和空间信息服务动态变化的应用实际，从服务聚合的过程维和资源维出发定义了服务聚合流程定义元模型；与之相对应，对基本的WF-net进行扩展，提出服务聚合流程/资源网作为空间信息服务聚合流程的形式化描述模型，有效解决了现有的基于基本Petri网和工作流网的服务聚合建模方法所不能解决的不确定路径选择和服务的动态变化性问题；从流程结构正确性、数据依赖有效性和资源实现有效性三个方面提出了WSCP/R-net健壮性的概念，明确界定了聚合流程正确性的标准，并对WSCP/R-net模型的健壮性分析方法和WSCP/R-net模型的组合特性进行了研究；提出了空间信息服务聚合代数算子并对其性质进行了研究，在此基础上提出了6种聚合流程约简规则，从而可达到优化聚合流程、提高聚合流程执行效率的目的。3、空间信息服务QoS模型和应用体系：从服务本身、网络环境和服务消费者三个层次出发，提出了一个可扩展的空间信息服务QoS模型GSQM，实现了对空间信息服务的度量和评价，并对GSQM不同质量要素信息的客观、公正采集方法进行了研究；研究了空间信息服务聚合流程QoS评价方法，有效支持了空间信息服务聚合流程的执行、监控以及服务选择等操作；针对目前的服务发现模型仅支持服务功能性描述、不能有效满足空间信息服务应用需求的现状，提出了一种新的支持QoS约束的服务发现模型SDMQ，并对模型的实现框架进行了研究。4、空间信息服务聚合流程执行技术：针对现有的服务聚合流程描述语言不能有效满足空间信息服务动态聚合流程描述的特点，基于BPEL4WS提出了一种新的空间信息服务聚合流程描述语言SSPL；研究了满足健壮性要求的WSCP/R-net模型向SSPL的转换算法，在此基础上可以满足用户无显式编码来实现空间信息服务聚合应用的目的；研究了服务动态选择QoS全局优化模型，并在此基础上提出了一种解决服务动态选择QoS全局优化问题的实现算法GODSS.5、基于论文研究成果，设计实现了"空间信息服务聚合实验系统"，并构建了"矿产资源评价"和"城市消防应急响应"两个典型应用案例，对论文所述模型、方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。

In all, the thesis obtains the following two objects: First of all, the points of view that people have discussed are excluded. Moreover, the thesis concentrates on adding Bacon"s thoughts that people haven"t emphasized, and corrects the mistakes that people have made concerning Novum Organum. At the same time, the thesis evaluates the viewpoints of Bacon and Novum Organum from historical and dialectic angles. Second, combining the contemporary scientific ideology, the thesis concludes that the viewpoints of Novum Organum are great inspirations to the Modern science. In all, this thesis reviews the philosophical and scientific viewpoints of Bacons Novum Organum on the basis of analyzing the materials of Bacon and Novum Organum. The thesis is divided into four parts.

所以，本文欲采用史学研究与哲学分析相结合的方法对前人的见解和培根及其《新工具》本身进行系统的探讨，希望能达到以下两大目的：首先，对《新工具》中前人已着重论述过的思想不再涉猎，致力于补充培根其他哲学和科学思想的研究资料，并剔除对培根思想的一些误读，同时把对培根的评价放入历史的长河中进行具体研究，用辩证的眼光看培根在那个特定时代下所做出的贡献；其次，在对《新工具》中的思想进行研究时，时刻结合当今现实和当代科学思维成果，古为今用，洋为中用，发掘《新工具》对今天的启示。

In all, the thesis obtains the following two objects:First of all, the points of view that people have discussed are excluded. Moreover, the thesis concentrates on adding Bacon\'s thoughts that people haven\'t emphasized, and corrects the mistakes that people have made concerning Novum Organum. At the same time, the thesis evaluates the viewpoints of Bacon and Novum Organum from historical and dialectic angles. Second, combining the contemporary scientific ideology, the thesis concludes that the viewpoints of Novum Organum are great inspirations to the Modern science.In all, this thesis reviews the philosophical and scientific viewpoints of Bacon\'s Novum Organum on the basis of analyzing the materials of Bacon and Novum Organum. The thesis is divided into four parts.

所以，本文欲采用史学研究与哲学分析相结合的方法对前人的见解和培根及其《新工具》本身进行系统的探讨，希望能达到以下两大目的：首先，对《新工具》中前人已着重论述过的思想不再涉猎，致力于补充培根其他哲学和科学思想的研究资料，并剔除对培根思想的一些误读，同时把对培根的评价放入历史的长河中进行具体研究，用辩证的眼光看培根在那个特定时代下所做出的贡献；其次，在对《新工具》中的思想进行研究时，时刻结合当今现实和当代科学思维成果，古为今用，洋为中用，发掘《新工具》对今天的启示。

Primarily, the thesis assays the condition of network framework, the network was divided into three levels in terms of network management in order to establish the distributed method ,and still pointing out the intention and denotation of studying the Topology Discovery.Next, the thesis analyzes SNMP protocol minutely, including its development, principle, and the Network Management system that established on the SNMP protocol. Have analysed MIB in detail and the application way of MIB in network management .The thesis also assays the ICMP protocol, describing its working principle and the format of datagram minutely , and describing two important tools of ICMP- Ping and TraceRoute in detail. On the base of upper analysis, the thesis expounds a kind of distributed Topology Discovery project, and book it in one autonomy system. Topology Discovery was divided into two levels in terms of network management, and analyses the way of linking up between the two level. The thesis minutely assays Router-Level Topology Discovery technology basing on SNMP and Subnet-Level Topology Discovery technology basing on ARP and ICMP. According to these analyses, the thesis explores the specific methodology and the technology of XML data object which using the WinSNMP API to achieve topology discovering system on the development platform of Visual C++, and also analyses the technology of topology analysis and topology graph minutely. Moreover, the thesis assays the technology of basic firewall and Topology Discovery response strategy. Finally, the thesis analyses the underlying blind problem of the topology finding, and also analyses the reason that the blind problem produced and the way that reduced. The distributed algorithm that this paper puts forward has a certain directive significance in wireless network or other fields.

本文首先分析了网络结构状况，将网络从网络管理的角度划分为三个层次，为分布式的方法奠定了基础，同时还指出拓扑发现研究的目的及意义；接着本文分析了SNMP协议，详细分析了SNMP协议的发展状况，协议的工作原理，以及由SNMP协议基础上建立的SNMP网络管理体系，详细分析了MIB，以及MIB在网络管理上的应用方式；本文又分析了ICMP协议，详细描述了ICMP的工作原理和数据报格式，并详细描述了ICMP的两个重要工具-Ping 和TraceRoute；然后本文在结合上述分析的基础上，提出了一种分布式的拓扑发现方案，将拓扑发现拟订在一个自治系统内，将拓扑发现从网络管理角度划分为路由器级和子网级两个层次，分析了两个层次之间的衔接方式，同时从拓扑地域的角度将拓扑发现过程分布化，分析了分布式算法的具体方法和分布式结点之间的数据通讯方法，本文详细分析了基于SNMP的路由器级拓扑发现技术和基于ARP和ICMP的子网级拓扑发现技术；根据这些分析，本文利用XML数据对象作为分布式算法中的数据对象，分析了XML的技术，本文使用Visual C++开发平台实现网络拓扑发现系统，详细分析了使用WinSNMP API实现基于SNMP的路由器级拓扑发现和基于ARP的子网级拓扑发现，分析了使用Winsock编程实现基于ICMP的子网级拓扑发现，本文还对拓扑分析和拓扑图的绘制技术作了较细致的分析；本文最后还分析了基本防火墙技术，分析了几种类型的防火墙对拓扑发现带来的影响，以及在拓扑发现时的应对策略，本文还分析了拓扑发现中可能产生的盲点问题，分析了盲点产生的原因以及拓扑发现中减少盲点的方法。

This thesis collection depends on four largest societies including Aviation, Ordnance, Shipbuilding and Aerospace, faces to defense-related industries and individuals and covered 80% of administrative levels of defense-related industries in the whole country. The topic of thesis should base on top development planning, key technology, standardization system, industry database and related component technology. Thesis will be filtrated by authoritative appraisers, and the excellent thesis will be commended to be intercommunicated in the forum.(Total number of collection is about 500). The characters of this thesis collection are high level and innovation. The entire thesis collected is never published in the exoteric publication or academic meeting in the whole country, and never include detailed discussion about milestones such as top development planning etc.

本次活动依托四大军工学会面向全国国防工业领域各有关单位及个人征集论文，论文征集面覆盖80%以上的国防工业单位的高层，就顶层规划、关键技术、标准化体系、行业数据库，以及相关单元技术等主题进行全国的优秀论文征集，并经过大会权威评审团的筛选（论文征集量约为500篇），最终选出数篇精品论文推荐进行大会交流，此次论文征集的两大特点就是&高&，&新&，所有参评论文皆为未在公开出版物或全国性学术会议上发表的文章，并就顶层规划等重大问题予以详细讨论。

So, this thesis classifies mass culture to four types according to the characters of mass culture and different communities. Which are mass culture of citizen, mass culture of middleclass, teenage mass culture and mass culture of hobo.

这包人 硕士学位论文 W MASThR'S THESIS 第二，分析大众文化的三种特征，揭示平民意识在大众文化中的具体内涵和决定性作用：①大众文化具有世俗性特征，它用世俗的物质生活消解神圣的精神启蒙，用细小的现实人生取代遥远的乌托邦理想，宣扬个体生命中的世俗人文主义关怀。

See Heinz Ulbricht's PhD Thesis, p9.

请阅读 Heinz Ulbricht's PhD Thesis 第 9 页。

It is also known as one of the most poisonous naturally occurring substances.

它也被称为一个最自然发生的有毒物质。

The greatest stress is found at the location on the cross section where V is the largest.

最大应力出现在横截面上V为最大的地方。