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In most region, the total effect of aerosol is smaller than the sum of direct and indirect effect, but in some area, the total effect of aerosol is even larger than it.

在大部分地区，气溶胶总气候效应比直接效应和间接效应之和小，但比其中任何一种气候效应的辐射效应大，而在有些地区，总效应的辐射强迫比直接效应和间接效应的辐射强迫之和还要大。

It is very difficult to eliminate these influence factors completely by conventional treatment. Surface properties and surface treatment of ultrafine red phosphorus and MMT and their interface properties with polymer matrices were studied in this thesis. The results were characterized by GC, FTIR, XRD, DTA, TG, XPS, UV, SEM, TEM and other physical and chemical methods. The main contents are as following: 1. The study of factors influencing ultrafine red phosphorus's invariability and phosphine liberation indicated red phosphorus undergone oxidation and dismutation reaction in air, and trace ion of iron, copper and nickel fastened water absorption and oxidation, in which the effect of copper ion was the most, while aluminium and zinc ion could slow down red phosphorus'oxidation, and silver ion had the best effect on red phosphorus moisture absorption. Inhibitors such as aluminium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, organic phenol and ferrous potassuim cyanide had a good effect on reducing red phosphorus moisture absorption and restraining phosphine liberation.

本文围绕纳微米材料的表面处理及其在高聚物基体中的应用这一主题，系统地研究了超细红磷和蒙脱土两种常见材料的表面特性、表面处理方法及其与高聚物基体的界面特性，通过气相色谱、红外光谱、X射线衍射、差热、热重、X射线光电子能谱仪、紫外光谱、扫描电镜、透射电镜等现代分析仪器以及其它物理、化学方法对实验结果进行了表征和分析，全文主要内容如下： 1、对影响超细红磷安定性的因素以及磷化氢的缓释研究表明：红磷在空气中发生缓慢氧化、歧化反应，微量的铜、铁、镍等金属离子增加了它的吸水和氧化速度，其中铜离子的作用最为明显，而铝、锌等离子减慢了红磷的氧化速度，银离子对减少红磷的吸湿性效果最好。

The main content is concerned with the following aspects:(1) It discusses the electric-optical effect in the theory about the interaction of γ-rays and materials, Compton effect and electron pair effect and the functional relationship between the three basic effects and γ-rays energy and atomic number, thus laying the foundation of dual energy γ-rays transmission method.

主要内容有如下几个方面：(1)讨论了γ射线与物质相互作用理论中的光电效应、康普顿效应和电子对效应，以及这三个基本效应与γ射线能量和物质的原子序数之间的函数关系等问题。由此构成了双能γ射线透射法的基础。

In the process of electro-membrane filtration, the applied operation condition and membrane do not have significant electroosmosis effect through related experiment. Under the operation of 98KPa pressure, only 6% flux was increased, which showed the increase of flux in the applied electric field process mainly from electrophoresis effect. The effect of dye filtration by membrane is mostly influenced by the basic nature of dye, including size of molecular weight, electrophoresis motility and the adsorbability of dye to membrane.

在外加电场薄膜程序中，所用的操作条件以及所使用的薄膜，经电渗透实验显示电渗透的效应不明显，而在98KPa压力操作下，也仅增加6%的通量贡献，显示外加电场程序通量之提升主要来自电泳作用；薄膜过滤染料的效果主要受到染料基本性质的影响，包括分子量大小、电泳动能力与染料对薄膜的吸附能力。

The relations of electrophoresis velocity, electroosmosis velocity and electric dispersion velocity are also investigated with these expressions. The results show that this new model offers a better explanation for peak compression effect on the migration behaviour of charged solute in CEC. The retention time will be shorter by peak compression effect, which is similar to a solvent gradients process. The peak compression effect is not steady, and doesn't appear until the conditions are fitted in some special situation.

基于弛豫理论所建立的基本模型，在考虑溶质在两相中皆有可能发生正、反向迁移的情况下，得到了流出曲线一阶原点矩和二阶中心矩的理论表达式，并通过对溶质在两相中电扩散速率与电泳速率、电渗流速率关系的分析结果证实：溶质在固定相表面的电扩散行为可以使其保留变弱，出峰加快；而这种电扩散导致的超常柱效峰的出现具有不稳定性，只有在多方面因素综合影响匹配的情况下才可能出现。

Rural labor move has complementary collaboration effect already to obtain employment of urban labour force, also competition replaces effect, competition replaces effect domain of obtain employment of minority of bureau be confined to, great majority domain belongs to collaboration complementary relation.

农村劳动力转移对城市劳动力就业既有互补合作效应，也有竞争替代效应，竞争替代效应只局限于少数就业领域，绝大多数领域属于合作互补关系。

Changdong" showed a noticeable enhancive effect when it was co-administrated with other anti-tumor agents or when it was co-applied with radiotherapy. The action mechanism study showed that an apparent cytotoxic effect of "Changdong" on ten tumor strains in vitro with a quantity-effect relationship was observed. Immunity experiment showed that "Changdong" could induce proliferation of spleen lymphocyte in mice bearing tumor and could improve NK cell" s activity, whereas has no impact on IL-2" s reproduction. It was also noticed that "Changdong" could induce human liver cancer QGY" s apoptosis in vitro, and it happened mainly on G0-G1 phase.

结果："长动"对小鼠移植瘤模型和人体肿瘤裸鼠异种移植均有明显抑制作用，量效关系明显："长动"与放疗和化疗分别联合应用有明显的增效作用：作用机制研究结果：细胞毒性试验研究表明"长动"在体外对10株肿瘤细胞有明显的细胞毒性作用，量效关系明显；免疫学试验表明"长动"可以诱导荷瘤小鼠的脾淋巴细胞增殖，增强NK细胞的活性，对IL-2的产生无明显影响；"长动"在体外可明显诱导人体肝癌QGY细胞凋亡，使细胞阻滞于G0-G1期。

Characteristic sweet potato: Show to think generally in the world, sweet potato nutrition is rich, have the effect that delays consenescence, and hemal to head of enteron, heart disease has taller precautionary effect, have prevent the cancer, effect that fights cancer.

特色甘薯：现在国际上普遍认为，甘薯营养丰富，具有延缓衰老的作用，且对消化道、心脑血管疾病有较高的预防效果，并有防癌、抗癌之功效。

In most groups,epistasis effect is found to be existing and the additive effect,and dominance effect are also widely functioning.

我国玉米单产和商品品质与发达国家相比还存在不小的差距，今后一段时期内，继续挖掘玉米的增产潜力和改良玉米的商品品质，仍然是非常重要的主攻方向之一。

Results: The extracts of ethanol, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate of Rhizoma Amorphophalli have inhibitory effect on the proliferation of cell SGC-7901, and the extract of petroleum ether has much more evident effect, showed a dose-effect curve.

结果：蛇六谷醇提取物、石油醚萃取物和乙酸乙酯萃取物均具有一定的抑制人胃癌SGC-7901细胞增殖的作用，以石油醚萃取物的抑制作用最为明显，呈现较好的剂量－效应曲线。

But Severus escaped the hands of those that Julianus had sent to murder him and sent a letter to the praetorian guard, giving them the signal either to desert Julianus or to kill him.

赛维鲁总算逃过了尤利阿努斯派来的杀手，并写了一封信给罗马的禁卫军，向他们发出信号，要么抛弃尤利阿努斯，要么干掉他。他们立即服从了。

This text is in terms of this of " human nature ", it is under the influence of western literature human nature thought to probe into, awakening in human nature of novel works and all sorts of limitations that affectionate The school of Mandarin Duck and butterfly.

本文便是从"人性"这一角度，探讨在西方文学人性思想的影响下，清末民初鸳鸯蝴蝶派的言情、哀情小说作品在人性方面的觉醒与种种局限。