查询词典 substitution method

This paper analyses and discusses five means of forecasting petroleum drilling cycle in the world, including historical level method, typical cases method, learning curve method, procedure work-hour method and cyclic rating method.

综合分析了国内外钻井周期预测方法，归纳出历史水平法、典型案例法、学习曲线法、工序工时法、周期定额法等，并进行了简要分析和论述。

Analysis indicates that there is little difference in the displacement of tunnel and well control of stratum displacement by both methods. Plastic zone develops more obviously above the tunnel side by CRD method and is larger by CRD method than by dual sidewall guide pit method. It is comparatively obvious that the plasticity district develops in the side direction of the tunnel by dual sidewall guide pit method and the leading influence distance is also longer than that by CRD method. The development speed of plasticity district is comparatively fast in the range of the leading 3~6 m in CRD tunnel and 0~3 m in sidewall guide pit tunnel. There are different advantages by both methods for passing through sand layer.

结果表明，采用这2种工法时引起的隧道变形相差不是很大，都能较好地控制地层的变形；采用CRD法时产生的塑性区较双侧壁法大，且向隧道侧上方发展较为明显；采用双侧壁法时产生的塑性区在隧道侧向发展较为明显，超前影响的距离也大于CRD法；采用CRD法时的塑性区在超前3~6m的范围内发展速度较快；采用双侧壁法时的塑性区在超前0~3 m的范围内发展速度较快；对于隧道穿越砂层而言，2种工法各有优势。

To reduce or remove size effect, the size classification elimination method, volume average method and normalization method based on volume were presented and the calibration and prediction results indicate that these three methods could reduce or remove the size effect effectively. The normalization method is more suit to in-line application and obtained better calibration and prediction results with the r of 0.789, 0.858 and 0.947, the RMSEC of 0.596, 0.499 and 0.313, and the RMSEP of 0.606, 0.686 and 0.413 than the results without normalization with the r of 0.716, 0.793 and 0.848, the RMSEC of 0.678, 0.592 and 0.515 and the RMSEP of 0.825, 0.764 and 0.714 for the original spectra, the first derivative spectra and the second derivative spectra with soluble solids content using partial least square method , respectively. 4. Owing to much thick skin of watermelon, contrast experiment was conducted in skin-peeled watermelon and intact watermelon to compare the influence of skin on spectra.

针对西瓜果型大且差异显著的特点，研究果型差异对可见／近红外光谱以及建模与预测结果的影响，并提出三种方法消除或减小这一影响因素，分别是分级消除法、体积平均法和基于体积的正则化方法，其中基于体积的正则化方法，更适合在线生产应用，该方法使果型大小差异明显样品的原始光谱、一阶微分光谱、二阶微分光谱在对可溶性固形物含量检测时，采用偏最小二乘法的建模与预测结果由原来的校正相关系数r分别为0.716、0.793、0.848提高到r分别为0.789、0.858、0.947，均方根校正标准偏差RMSEC由原来的0.678、0.592、0.515分别降为0.596、0.499、0.313，均方根预测标准偏差RMSEP由原来的0.825、0.764、0.714分别降为0.606、0.686、0.413； 4。

The bending load by method of hand lay-up was better than one by method of SCRIMP, the fatigue strength by method of hand lay-up was better, the impact behavior by method of hand lay-up was also better, but ductility by method of SCRIMP was better. The test data may useful for structure design of marine engineer.

同时在冲击试验从能量的观点来出发，从实验方法，到比较单位面积冲击能量、单位宽冲击能量，依照4种不同的冲击能量来做一个比较，以知道哪种工法可以吸收较多的冲击能量，以及何种工法制做出的试片属於脆性破坏，剩余强度较高。

Finally, we offer a method to reduce shift communication. In chapter 5, we invent a method based on linear inequalities representation to perform communication optimization and code generation. This method eliminate the restrictions on processable program placed by RSD based method used by RICE Fortran D Compiler or Symbolic Set based method used by PARADIGM Compiler.

第五章提出了一种以线性不等式组作为工具的更加实用化的通讯优化和结点代码生成方法，该方法克服了RICE大学实现FortranD编译器使用的基于规则段描述子的方法以及PARADIGM编译器使用的基于符号集的方法对输入程序的诸多限制，避免了复杂的规则段运算和符号集运算及其造成的无效性，拓宽了可处理的程序类，增强了编译器的处理能力。

Several types of processes and characteristics of super-fine SSP are analyzed and compared, they are high frequency plasma spherical method, direct current plasma spherical method, carbon pole electrical arc spherical method, gas burnt flame spherical method, high temperature fused quartz jet and chemo synthesis spherical method.

本文对国内的研究开发现状和国际球形石英粉的生产现状进行了分析研究；分析比较了高频等离子球化法、直流等离子体球化法、碳极电弧球化法、气体燃烧火焰球化法、高温熔融喷射以及化学合成球化法的工艺特点。

The substitution and solvent effects on absorption spectrum of the dyes are also studied.

研究了取代基、溶剂对上述染料吸收光谱的影响。

Key word: Counter-dumping; Substitution country; Abusiveness; System reason; Market economy status

搜索词汇：反倾销；替代国；滥用；体制原因；市场经济地位

Triazophos was a type of low-toxic, high-effective and broad-spectrum phosphorothioate pesticide and acaricide, which was developed in 1970s. It was thought to become the substitution of other pesticide such as methamidophos and dimethoate, so it had a good potential of application.

三唑磷是20世纪70年代开发出的一种硫代磷酸酯类杀虫杀螨剂，具有低毒、高效、广谱的特点，是甲胺磷、乐果等农药的换代产品，具有良好的应用前景。

Other transactions which may give rise to notes payable include the purchase of real estate or costly equipment, the purchase of merchandise, and the substitution of a note for a past-due account payable.

其他可能产生应付票据的经济业务包括购买房地产或价格昂贵的设备，购买商品，用票据替代过期的应付账款等。

The system can be widely used in belt weighing and batching process control,etc.

介绍了基于智能模糊控制的嵌入式配料系统的设计方法，对模糊PID控制过程和系统调零作了重点的讨论，同时给出了PID控制的程序流程图和系统定长调零子程序。

"I dunno," she answered,"but if you show me aroun', I'll recognize it from the lighthouse just outside the porthole."

"我不知道，"她回答说，"如果你能带我转转，我能认出来的，因为灯塔就在舷窗外。"