查询词典 sequential estimation

The comparison is made about the RELAX and ML, the RELAX-AS and the ML-AP, The weightiest characteristic of the current estimation of the signal parameter in getting the new estimation in the RELAX-AS was found.

这种最大依赖性使得松弛算法的交替分离解法收敛速度非常慢-这是松弛算法的交替分离解法的严重缺陷，这种最大依赖性使得松弛算法的交替分离解法在有系统误差时能够有效地抑制局部极值，这是它的一个重要性能。

The paper investigates both block-type pilot linear minimum mean square error algorithm and IEEE802.16 OFDM channel estimation analysis. Simulation results confirm the block-type pilot structure is more suitable for IEEE802.16 system. An optimal pilot setting algorithm, based on space frequency domain, is explored and the pilot chart is presented. The proposed algorithm finds its application in MIMO-OFDM. Simulation results show the algorithm presents a good approximation to the perfect channel state information curve, with about 2dB difference in SNR. The simulation results also demonstrate the algorithm achieves fairly high stability in the environment of fast fading, performance of the proposed algorithm is better that of pilot training channel estimation.3. Taking into account the characteristics of IEEE802.16 OFDM system, OFDM system simulation platform is constructed in Matlab, exploiting simulink as a tool. OFDM modulation and demodulation simulation system are configured on LabVIEW platform. All the system signal processing is simulated, including defining system parameters, designing modulation model, and verifying all the proposed algorithms under different environments, such as white Gaussian noise, multi-path fading, with or without guard interval etc. Bit error performance is evaluated. The research provides valid theoretical basis for practical OFDM system performance evaluation.4. Taking advantage of software radio, the paper designs a hardware platform with both 256-IFFT/FFT and 512-IFFT/FFT OFDM schemes co-existing in one platform. You can predetermine one from the two schemes to carry out almost the same model function with different system performance and parameter setting.5. Referring to IEEE802.16 standard, the paper proposes a design method for generating signals and frames suitable for laboratory investigations implemented in laboratory environment.6. Based on 6701evm digital evaluation card, combined with analogy front-end, the paper designs a DSP software model to deal with baseband signal processing. An overall OFDM scheme, with modulation and demodulation function, is accomplished.

讨论分析了MIMO-OFDM中一种基于空频域的最优导频设置算法，给出了导频图案，通过仿真实验表明，该算法与理想的信道状态信息曲线非常接近，信噪比差距约在2dB左右，并且在快衰落条件下具有较好的稳定性，其性能要优于基于前导训练的信道估计方法。3、根据IEEE802.16OFDM系统特点，论文分别在Matlab中应用Simulink工具构建OFDM系统仿真平台、在LabVIEW平台上实现了OFDM调制解调仿真系统，模拟了整个系统的信号流程，进行了OFDM仿真系统参数的选择和调制模块的仿真设计、论证各算法性能，并根据各种不同的条件：例如高斯噪声、多径衰落、有无保护间隔等，对系统的误码特性进行了评估，为正确评价实际OFDM系统的性能提供了有效的理论依据。4、论文以软件无线电思想作为指导，提出了以256点IFFT／FFT为核心和以512点IFFT／FFT为核心的两种OFDM算法模式并存于同一个硬件平台、且可预选的方案，它们在参数选取和性能指标上有所差异，均实现了相似的模块和功能。5、论文参考IEEE 802.16无线网络标准的参数设置，针对本设计系统的应用环境和系统硬件的性能速率，提出了一种应用于实验室环境的信号结构、帧格式等参数设计。6、论文基于TI公司的6701evm数字评估板卡，结合模拟前端搭建数字中频平台，设计了基带处理的DSP软件模块并进行系统调试，基本实现了一套完整的OFDM调制解调方案。

On the basis of the investigation conducted in the shipyards within the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Communications,and in the light of the practical situation of a cerfain shipyard,this paper comes up with a pre-estimation method of the requirement of the specialist personnel, recommends a formula of the pre-estimation of the specialist personnel needed by ordinary shipyards,and probes into the mode of both the level of the formal schooling record and the ratio of specialities.

本文在交通部属修造船厂进行典型调查研究的基础上，结合某修造船厂的现状，对专门人才的需求从数量上提出了近期预测的方法，推荐了一般船厂的专门人才预测的公式，并探讨了合理的专门人才学历层次与专业比率的模式，作了可行性分析。

A fast direction of arrival estimation method of wideband sources has been proposed. A new techniques is presented to compute the focusing matrix. It needs no direction pre-estimation or matrix eigendecomposition, so the focusing matrices are insensitive to the signals' direction and the computation is simple.

提出了一种新的聚焦矩阵的计算方法，该方法不需要进行角度预估计，也不需要进行任何矩阵特征值分解，对信号方向不敏感，运算量小。

On the approximate uncorrelation property of DWT coefficients of LMSV process in the same scale and different scales, first the quasi maximum likelihood estimation method of parameters and the estimation method of volatility process of LMSV model are presented.

根据小波变换可将过程分解到不同的尺度上以及LMSV过程同一尺度下和不同尺度下DWT系数的近似不相关性，提出了建立局部似然函数的方法，又根据DWT系数和MODWT系数之间的关系，将局部似然函数表示为模型参数和局部小波方差估计的形式，并用该方法对中国股市收益进行了时变LMSV模型参数的估计。

XVI. Banking financial institutions shall timely provide institutional clients with the market information of the derivative products that have been traded, re-estimate the market value of the derivative products that have been sold to the institutional clients at least once every month, provide the re-estimation results to the institutional clients in the form of written estimation reports or risk presentation letters delivered by letter, e-mail, fax or any other recordable way, and make sure that the relevant materials are received by the institutional clients in time.

十六、银行业金融机构应及时向机构客户提供已交易的衍生产品的市场信息，至少每个月对与机构客户交易的衍生产品进行市值重估，将市值重估的结果以评估报告、风险提示函等形式通过信件、电子邮件、传真等可记录的方式向机构客户书面提供，并确保相关材料及时送达机构客户。

The supplier management is very complicated including development, option, estimation, official cooperation, re-estimation, daily management of the supplier and so on.

对于连锁建材超市来说，采购工作的质量直接影响着企业的盈利状况和超市的发展，因而作为采购工作的核心内容之一供应商管理无疑对连锁建材超市管理具有重要的作用和意义。

They have to face the direct competition from both local and overseas contest within the process of development, At this circumstance, the men and serious task for them is how to improve their management level, to Building materials catena supermarket, the procurement quality is one of the most important point to the profit and development of the company, so that, the supplier management ---the core part of procurement ,will be become the most important and meaningful for an enterprise. The supplier management is very complicated including development, option, estimation, official cooperation, re-estimation, daily management

供应商管理工作是一个复杂的过程，包括供应商的开发、选择、评估、现场考核、定级、正式合作、再评估、定期确认资格、日常管理等环节，因此，如何对供应商加强管理，建立一套符合自身发展要求的供应商管理体系，无疑将对超市的发展壮大起到至关重要的作用，本文就是以此为出发点，从供应商资源的开发、选择与评估、日常管理和关系管理几方面对供应商管理体系的建立进行了研究，并对今后国内建材连锁超市如何建立适合自身发展的供应商管理体系提出了一些建议。

For derivative transactions which they are unable to price or valuate, they shall get the key estimation parameters and other information from parties making quotations and, provide by letter, e-mail, fax or any other recordable way, such information to institutional clients in writing so as to improve the transparency of the re-estimation of the market value of derivative products.

对于自身不具备定价估值能力的衍生产品交易，应向报价方获取关键的估值参数及相关信息，并通过信件、电子邮件、传真等可记录的方式向机构客户书面提供此类信息，以提高衍生产品市值重估的透明度。

In the training of HMM, referring to the auxiliary function in reference〓, and the method in reference〓 to get the estimations of the parameters of Markov chain, we define the likelihood function and auxiliary function for the maximum likelihood estimation of CDHMM, and then induce systematically the forward-backward algorithm and the re-estimation formulas for parameters of CDHMM.

在HMM的建模方面，本文借鉴文献〓中求多变量观测值马尔可夫链参数时辅助函数的选取方法，定义了CDHMM的似然函数和辅助函数；借鉴文献〓中求解马尔可夫链参数时的求偏导方法，并针对本文辅助函数加以简化和改进，系统地推导了HMM的前向—后向算法，以及CDHMM各参数的极大似然估计公式。

Many will continue to choose to live in duality and in conflict.

许多人将继续选择活在二元对立性和冲突中。

I find that students of the University of Physical Education all wear sportswear at first sight.

我发现：体育大学的学生乍一看，都是穿运动衣，大家都一样